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1、專題八　定語(yǔ)從句 綜合演練 Ⅰ.語(yǔ)法填空 (2018河北唐山五校4月聯(lián)考) Smartphones are an　1　(importance) part of everyday life for most teens today. But are teens addicted to their phones?One out of every two teens in the US and Japan feel they are, according to　2　recent study.? The study　3　(base) on an April 2017 survey of 1,

2、200 teens and parents. It's the first such study in Japan, 　4　90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones. It's also the first　5　(compare) those results with　6　(exist) US data from Common Sense Media about digital media use among families in North America.? Most parents surveyed said　7　believed

3、 their teens were addicted to mobile devices. Many of the　8　(adult) said they also felt addicted to their own phones.? Willow Bay, dean of the USC Annenberg in Los Angeles, said, “These shifts are happening　9　(fast) and more dramatically than any change　10　recent history.”? 1.　　　　2.　　　　3.　　　　4.　　　

4、　5.　　　? 6.　　　　7.　　　　8.　　　　9.　　　　10.　　　? 答案　 [語(yǔ)篇解讀]　本文為記敘文。介紹了一項(xiàng)對(duì)家長(zhǎng)和孩子沉迷于手機(jī)這一社會(huì)現(xiàn)象的研究結(jié)果。 1.important　句意:對(duì)當(dāng)今的大多數(shù)青少年來(lái)說,智能手機(jī)是他們?nèi)粘Ｉ詈苤匾囊徊糠帧ＴO(shè)空處作名詞part的定語(yǔ),表示“重要的”,故填形容詞important。 2.a　句意:最近的一項(xiàng)研究表明,在美國(guó)和日本每?jī)擅嗌倌曛芯陀幸幻@樣認(rèn)為。根據(jù)設(shè)空處后的名詞study及設(shè)空處位置可判斷設(shè)空處考查冠詞。名詞study在本句中表示泛指,且recent以輔音音素開頭,故填不定冠詞a。 3.is based　句

5、意:該研究是根據(jù)2017年4月對(duì)1200名青少年和父母所做的調(diào)查進(jìn)行的。設(shè)空處作謂語(yǔ),主語(yǔ)The study與base為被動(dòng)關(guān)系,需用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài),故填is based。 4.where　句意:這是第一次在日本進(jìn)行這樣的研究,在日本父母和青少年中90%都有智能手機(jī)。本句中既無(wú)并列連詞又無(wú)從屬連詞,由此可判斷本題考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為Japan,將先行詞代入定語(yǔ)從句后為:90 percent of parents and teens own smartphones in Japan.,由此可見先行詞在定語(yǔ)從句中與介詞in一起作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故填關(guān)系副詞where。 5.to compare　

6、句意:這也是第一次將那些結(jié)果與來(lái)自Common Sense Media的有關(guān)北美家庭中的美國(guó)家庭使用數(shù)字媒體的現(xiàn)存數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行比較。 “the+序數(shù)詞”(可理解為“序數(shù)詞+名詞”,名詞被省略)作表語(yǔ)且序數(shù)詞與作定語(yǔ)的非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系時(shí),需用不定式作定語(yǔ),故填to compare。 6.existing　考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作定語(yǔ)。名詞data與動(dòng)詞exist為邏輯上的主動(dòng)關(guān)系,故填現(xiàn)在分詞existing作定語(yǔ)。 7.they　句意:大多數(shù)被調(diào)查的家長(zhǎng)說他們認(rèn)為他們的孩子對(duì)移動(dòng)設(shè)備上癮。設(shè)空處作賓語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)且指代主句主語(yǔ)Most parents,故填代詞they。 8.adults　

7、句意:這些成人中的許多人說他們也對(duì)自己的手機(jī)上癮。根據(jù)本句中的they可推知設(shè)空處需用名詞復(fù)數(shù),故填adults。 9.faster　句意:這些變化比在近代歷史中的任何一次都要發(fā)生得更迅猛、更有戲劇性。根據(jù)本句中的more dramatically及than可知設(shè)空處要填副詞fast的比較級(jí)形式faster。 10.in　考查介詞。in recent history意為“在近代歷史中”。 Ⅱ.短文改錯(cuò) (2018寧夏銀川4月質(zhì)檢) 假定英語(yǔ)課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文,請(qǐng)你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處語(yǔ)言錯(cuò)誤,每句中最多有兩處,每處錯(cuò)誤僅涉及一個(gè)單詞的增加、刪除或修改。

8、 增加:在缺詞處加一個(gè)漏字符號(hào)(∧),并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除:把多余的詞用斜線(\)劃掉。 修改:在錯(cuò)的詞下畫一橫線,并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意:1.每處錯(cuò)誤及其修改均僅限一詞。 2.只允許修改10處,多者(從第11處起)不計(jì)分。 Recently we had a class meeting on the topic of My Chinese Dream. Some mentioned the inspired Chinese Dream that was put forward by President Xi. And others talked enthus

9、iastically about his understanding of the Chinese Dream. We are all believe that this dream will come true in the future. I also talked about my own dream. I had always wanted to be a doctor. Not only can doctors save people's life but also they are doing a respectably job. Doctors can also help peo

10、ple to live a better life without their professional knowledge. To realize my dream, I should try to work hardly from now on. I must learn as much as I can get into a good medical college, which I can prepare myself fully for the job of a doctor. 答案　 Recently we had a class meeting on the topic of

11、 My Chinese Dream. Some mentioned the ①inspiredinspiring Chinese Dream that was put forward by President Xi. And others talked enthusiastically about ②histheir understanding of the Chinese Dream. We ③are all believe that this dream will come true in the future. I also talked about my own dream. I ④h

12、adhave always wanted to be a doctor. Not only can doctors save people's ⑤lifelives but also they are doing a ⑥r(nóng)espectablyrespectable job. Doctors can also help people to live a better life ⑦withoutwith their professional knowledge. To realize my dream, I should try to work ⑧hardlyhard from now on. I

13、 must learn as much as I can ⑨∧to get into a good medical college, ⑩whichwhere I can prepare myself fully for the job of a doctor. 解析　 1.此處作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞Chinese Dream,inspiring(鼓舞人心的)符合要求。inspired多形容人,意為“品質(zhì)優(yōu)秀的”。 2.句意:其他人熱情地談?wù)摿怂麄儗?duì)中國(guó)夢(mèng)的理解。根據(jù)主語(yǔ)others可知此處用物主代詞their。 3.主語(yǔ)為We,謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞為believe,系動(dòng)詞are多余。 4.句意:我一直都

14、希望成為一名醫(yī)生。表示從過去一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在,故用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。過去完成時(shí)態(tài)表示發(fā)生于“過去的過去”的動(dòng)作。 5.句意:醫(yī)生不僅能夠挽救人的生命,而且他們?cè)谧鲆环葜档米鹬氐墓ぷ?。由people可知life用復(fù)數(shù)。 6.此處作定語(yǔ)修飾名詞job,應(yīng)用形容詞。respectable值得尊敬的;體面的。 7.句意:醫(yī)生還能利用自己的專業(yè)知識(shí)幫人們過上更加美好的生活。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知此處并非表示否定,故改without為with。 8.work hard努力學(xué)習(xí);努力工作。hard作為副詞,意為“努力地”;hardly幾乎不。 9.此處考查不定式作目的狀語(yǔ),不定式符號(hào)to不可省略。 10.此處考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為college,關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ),故應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 4