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1、Unit 3 Back to the pastA卷 單項填空1(2018南通調(diào)研)Now all of our concentration is on _ it is that the global environment will return to normal.AwhichBwhatCwhereDwhenD解析：句意：現(xiàn)在我們的注意力都集中在地球環(huán)境何時回歸到正常狀態(tài)。 空及空后是介詞on的賓語從句， 賓語從句又用的是強調(diào)句型。 強調(diào)句型特殊疑問句的結(jié)構(gòu)為： 特殊疑問詞is/wasitthat不被強調(diào)的部分。 由于題干中的強調(diào)句作賓語從句， 應(yīng)用陳述語序。 從句中缺少時間狀語， 也就是缺
2、少被強調(diào)的部分。 故選D。 2(2018淮安調(diào)研)The three travelers finally reached the home of Berthas mother around dusk, _ 65 miles in less than 12 hours.Acovering Bhaving coveredCto coverDto have coveredB解析：考查現(xiàn)在分詞完成時作狀語。 因為cover與three travelers是主動關(guān)系， 并且發(fā)生在謂語動詞動作之前， 故選B。3(2015湖南卷)It is important to remember that succes
3、s _ a sum of small efforts made each day and often _ years to achieve.Ais；takes Bare；takesCare；takeDis；takeA解析：考查主謂一致。句意：重要的是要記住，成功是每天所做的一些小小的努力的總和，它常常需要很多年的時間才能實現(xiàn)。此處success是不可數(shù)名詞，作主語時，謂語動詞用單數(shù)，故選A項。4(2018漣水金城外國語學(xué)校檢測)Their sudden attack made us more_ of the danger around us.Afamiliar BparticularCawar
4、eDdoubtfulC解析：aware of “意識到的”。 句意：他們的突然進攻使我們更加意識到我們周圍的危險。5I havent read all of his books before, but_ from the one I have read, I think hes a very promising writer.Ajudged BjudgingCdeterminingDdeterminedB解析：考查動詞用法和詞義辨析。 judging from.是固定短語， 常在句中作狀語。 不管它與主語是主動還是被動關(guān)系， 都要用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 6Every boy and every gi
5、rl as well as some teachers who _ to visit the museum_asked to be at school gate before 6：00 in the morning.Ahave; are Bhas; isCis; areDare; isD解析：該題為一個帶有定語從句的復(fù)合句， 句中作定語的關(guān)系代詞who指代先行詞teachers, 為復(fù)數(shù)， 故從句中謂語動詞該用are; as well as連接兩個主語時， 謂語動詞要根據(jù)前一個主語決定； 由 every, no, each 等限定的并由and連接的兩個并列名詞作主語時， 謂語動詞要用單數(shù)形式。
6、 故答案應(yīng)選D。 7_ in 1995, the Sea Launch group was made up of four companies from Norway, Russia, Ukraine and the United States.AFounded BFoundingCTo foundDHaving foundedA解析：考查非謂語動詞。 句意：Sea Launch組織成立于1995年， 是由來自挪威、 俄羅斯、 烏克蘭和美國的四家公司組成的。 這里是過去分詞作狀語， 與主句的主語構(gòu)成邏輯上的被動關(guān)系。 故選A。 8With the couple _in a nearby tow
7、n，the house seems pretty empty most of the time.Awork Bto workCworkingDworkedC解析：考查with復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。work 和其邏輯主語the couple是主謂關(guān)系，表示現(xiàn)在的狀況，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞表主動。句意：這對夫妻在附近鎮(zhèn)上上班，(他們的)房子大部分時間都是空蕩蕩的。9How long did David work here? For half a year, he didnt leave much_on us.Aexpression BinstructionCconclusionDimpressionD解析：考查名詞
8、辨析。 句意：大衛(wèi)在這里工作了多久？ 半年， 他沒有給我們留下太深的印象。 leave an impression on sb. 給某人留下印象。 A表情； B指示， 說明； C結(jié)論； D印象。 故選D。 10Two middleaged passengers fell into the sea._，neither of them could swim.AIn fact BLuckilyCUnfortunatelyDNaturallyC解析：in fact常用來表示與上文不相符的某件事； luckily常用來表示一種好的結(jié)果； unfortunately常用來表示一種不好的結(jié)果； natura
9、lly表示一種理所當(dāng)然的結(jié)果。 根據(jù)語境， 只有選項C正確。 11The newlylearnt words will be impressed on us only if they are _used in everyday communication.Agradually BaccuratelyCfamiliarlyDfrequentlyD 解析：句意： 新學(xué)的單詞會給我們留下深刻的印象，只要它們經(jīng)常用在日常交流中。 Agradually逐漸地； Baccurately精確地， 準確地； Cfamiliarly親密地， 精通地； Dfrequently 頻繁地， 經(jīng)常。 故選D。 12Sh
10、e refused to follow our advice on the job, _ it would have a great effect on her career.Aeven though Bas ifCnow thatDin caseA解析：考查短語。 Aeven though雖然； Bas if 好像； Cnow that 既然； Din case萬一。 句意：她拒絕聽從我們建議， 雖然這會對她的事業(yè)有極大的影響， 故選A。 13Its said that he will _his uncles business when he is mature(成熟的) enough to
11、 deal with public relations.Atake over Bthink overChand overDgo overA解析：take over “接管”； think over “反復(fù)考慮”； hand over “移交”； go over “復(fù)習(xí)， 溫習(xí)”。 句意：據(jù)說當(dāng)他足夠成熟能夠處理公共關(guān)系時， 他會接管他叔叔的企業(yè)。14The representatives were discussing the 11th fiveyear plan that they would like to see _the next year.Acarry out Bcarrying o
12、utCcarried outDto carry outC解析：詞組carry out 和the 11th fiveyear plan之間是動賓關(guān)系， 所以用過去分詞形式表示被動。15Oh, this is really an old building.Do you know when it_？ Ahas built Bis builtCwas builtDwill be builtC解析：考查一般過去時的被動形式。 句意：哦， 這真的是一個古老的建筑。 你知道它是什么時候建的嗎？ was built是一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，表示過去被建， 故選C。 閱讀理解ADeborah Cohen is a
13、 senior natural scientist at the Rand Corp and the author of the book A Big Fat Crisis: The Hidden Forces Behind the Obesity Epidemic and How We Can End It.According to the book, there are lots of misunderstandings of obesity.1If youre obese, blame your genes.Obesity rates have increased.Yet, betwee
14、n 1980 and 2000, the number of Americans who are obese has doubledtoo quickly for genetic factors to be responsible.At restaurants, a dollar puts more calories on our plates than ever before, because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat out more
15、 frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.2If youre obese, you lack selfcontrol.Research shows that if we are faced with too much information, we have a tendency to make poor dietary choices.Our world has become so rich in temptation that we can be led to consume too much
16、in ways we cant understand.Even the most vigilant(警覺的) people may not be up to the task of controlling themselves.3Lack of access to fresh fruits and vegetables is responsible for obesity.Although the US. Department of Agriculture estimates that fewer than 5 percent of Americans live in the “food de
17、serts”， about 65 percent of the nations population is overweight or obese.For most of us, obesity is not related to access to more fresh fruits and vegetables, but to the choices we make in supermarkets.4The problem is not that we eat too much, but that we dont exercise.Michelle Obamas “Lets Move” c
18、ampaign is based on the idea that if kids exercise more, childhood obesity rates will decrease.But there was no significant decrease in physical activity levels as obesity rates climbed in the 1980s and 1990s.In fact, although a drop in workrelated physical activity may account for up to 100 fewer c
19、alories burned, leisure physical activity appears to have increased.The problem is that we eat too much.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文介紹了黛博拉科恩在她的肥胖危機： 肥胖背后隱藏的原因及如何擺脫肥胖一書中介紹了四個關(guān)于肥胖的誤區(qū)。 1The author mentioned Deborah Cohens book in Paragraph 1 to _Aintroduce the topicBdraw readers attentionCintroduce the author of the bookD
20、advertise the bookA解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第一段最后一句According to the book, there are lots of misunderstandings of obesity.(根據(jù)這本書， 有許多關(guān)于肥胖的誤區(qū)。)緊接著講了關(guān)于肥胖的四種誤區(qū)。 可知作者提到這本書是為了引出主題。 2What is the relationship between obesity and the place where you eat? AThe less you eat out, the higher rates of obesity you have.BThe le
21、ss you eat at home, the lower rates of obesity you have.CThe more you eat out, the higher rates of obesity you have.DThe more you eat at home, the higher rates of obesity you have.C解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第三段中的because restaurant meals usually have more calories than what we prepare at home, so people who eat ou
22、t more frequently have higher rates of obesity than those who eat out less.(由于餐廳提供的食物比家里準備的富含更多卡路里， 頻繁外出就餐的人就比其他人患上肥胖癥的機率更高)可知選C。 B“My work is done.” Those words were some of the last penned by George Eastman.He included them in his suicide note.They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave ta
23、king of a truly great man.The same words could now be said for the company he left behind.Actually, the Eastman Kodak Company is through.It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and competitively.For 20 years, its leaders have foolishly spent down the patrimony of a centurys prosperity.On
24、e of Americas bedrock brands is about to disappear, the Kodak moment has passed.But George Eastman is not how he died, and the Eastman Kodak Company is not how it is being killed.Though the ends are needless and premature, they must not be allowed to overshadow the greatness that came before.Few com
25、panies have done so much good for so many people, or defined and lifted so profoundly the spirit of a nation and perhaps the world.It is impossible to understand the 20th Century without recognizing the role of the Eastman Kodak Company.Kodak served mankind through entertainment, science, national d
26、efense and the stockpiling of family memories.Kodak took us to the top of Mount Suribachi and to the Sea of Tranquility.It introduced us to the merry old Land of Oz and to stars from Charlie Chaplin to John Wayne，and Elizabeth Taylor to Tom Hanks.It showed us the shot that killed President Kennedy,
27、and his brother bleeding out on a kitchen floor, and a fallen Martin Luther King Jr.on the hard balcony of a Memphis motel.When that sailor kissed the nurse, and when the spy planes saw missiles in Cuba, Kodak was the eyes of a nation.From the deck of the Missouri to the grandeur of Monument Valley,
28、 Kodak took us there.Virtually every significant image of the 20th Century is a gift to posterity(后代) from the Eastman Kodak Company.In an era of easy digital photography, when we can take a picture of anything at any time, we cannot imagine what life was like before George Eastman brought photograp
29、hy to people.Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted(不自然的) pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldnt afford photographs, and so all they had to remember distant loved ones, or earlier times of their lives, was memory.Childre
30、n could not know what their parents had looked like as young people, grandparents far away might never learn what their grandchildren looked like.Eastman Kodak allowed memory to move from the uncertainty of recollection, to the permanence of a photograph.But it wasnt just people whose features were
31、savable; it was events, the sacred and precious times that families cherish.The Kodak moment, was humanitys moment.Kodak let the fleeting moments of birthdays and weddings, picnics and parties, be preserved and saved.It allowed for the creation of the most egalitarian art form.Lovers could take one
32、anothers pictures, children were photographed walking out the door on the first day of school, the_person_releasing_the_shutter_decided what was worth recording, and hundreds of millions of such decisions were made.And for centuries to come, those long dead will smile and dance and communicate to th
33、eir unborn progeny(子孫)Family history will be not only names on paper, but smiles on faces.The cash flow not just provided thousands of people with job, but also allowed the companys founder to engage in some of the most generous charity in Americas history.Not just in Kodaks home city of Rochester,
34、New York, but in Tuskegee and London, and at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology.He bankrolled(資助) two historically black colleges, fixed the teeth of Europes poor, and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good, Kodak did very well.Over all the years, all the Kodakers are essential p
35、arts of that monumental legacy.They prospered a great company, but theywith that companyblessed the world.That is what we should remember about the Eastman Kodak Company.Like its founder, we should remember how it lived, not how it died.History will forget the small men who have scuttled this compan
36、y.But history will never forget Kodak.【解題導(dǎo)語】文章敘述了柯達公司的沒落， 以及柯達公司對世界作出的巨大貢獻以及作者對柯達公司的敬仰。 3According to the passage, which of the following is to blame for the fall of Kodak? AThe invention of easy digital photography.BThe poor management of the company.CThe early death of George Eastman.DThe quick ri
37、se of its business competitors.B解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第三句It has been mismanaged financially, technologically and competitively. 可知柯達公司的管理策略不正確導(dǎo)致了它的倒閉， 故B正確。4It can be learnt from the passage that George Eastman_Adied a natural death of old ageBhappened to be on the spot when President Kennedy was shot de
38、adCset up his company in the capital of the US. before setting up its branches all over the worldDwas not only interested in commercial profits, but also in the improvement of other peoples livesD解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段中的He bankrolled(資助)two historically black colleges, fixed the teeth of Europes poor,
39、and quietly did good wherever he could.While doing good, Kodak did very well.可知柯達公司不僅僅是在經(jīng)濟上很成功而且還做了很多善事， 故選D。5Before George Eastman brought photography to people, _Ano photos has ever been taken of people or eventsBphotos were very expensive and mostly taken indoorsCpainting was the only way for peo
40、ple to keep a record of their ancestorsDgrandparents never knew what their grandchildren looked likeB解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)第四段中的Yes, there were photographers, and for relatively large sums of money they would take stilted(不自然的) pictures in studios and formal settings.But most people couldnt afford photographs
41、可知在這之前拍照很貴， 并且大多數(shù)是在室內(nèi)拍攝的， 故選B。 6The person releasing the shutter (Paragraph 5) was the one_Awho took the photograph Bwho wanted to have a photo takenCwhose decisions shaped the Eastman Kodak CompanyDwhose smiles could long be seen by their childrenA解析：細節(jié)理解題。 根據(jù)the_person_releasing_the_shutter decide
42、d what was worth recording可知這個人是拍照片的那個人， 是由他來決定什么東西值得記錄， 故選A。 7What is the writers attitude towards the Eastman Kodak Company? ADisapproving. BRespectful.CRegretful.DCritical.B解析：觀點態(tài)度題。 根據(jù)第一段中的They mark an ignoble end to a noble life, the leave taking of a truly great man.The same words could now be
43、 said for the company he left behind.及通讀全文可知作者對于柯達公司是非常崇拜、 充滿敬意的， 故選B。8Which do you think is the best title for the passage? AGreat Contributions of KodakBUnforgettable Moments of KodakCKodak Is DeadDHistory of Eastman Kodak CompanyC解析：主旨大意題。 縱觀全文可知文章敘述了柯達公司的沒落， 對世界做出的巨大貢獻， 以及作者對柯達公司的敬仰， 故選C。B卷 完形填空
44、Not many people can say theyve been hit by a vehicle, but I can. I rode my bike to my daily _1_practice in a gym last summer. I crossed the street as the light _2_； however, a young woman _3_ me with her fancy racing car. Like James Bond in a very _4_ situation, I rolled across the hood(引擎蓋) onto th
45、e other side of the car. You may wonder _5_ a woman driver could be so careless. The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving, so her _6_ was clearly drawn away from driving, which caused the accident.After assessing my _7_ and believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way, I _
46、8_ and talked to the woman driver. I could tell she was obviously quite _9_. So was I. After assuring her of my wellbeing, we _10_ ways._11_ my surprisingly shabby bicycle, I went on my way. I rode into the _12_ 20 minutes late.Upon my arrival，my tennis coach and friends asked me why I was late. Ner
47、vously, I _13_ the car accident. Everyone seemed to be far more _14_ than I was. In fact, I _15_ joked, saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape.After this _16_， I realize the importance of bike lanes and watching out for pedestrians.Now as I drive, I always _17_ for people
48、on bikes so that they do not _18_ the same fate(命運) that I did. _19_， for all the bikers and runners out there, watch out for cars, as one small mistake could _20_ an unforgivable mistake.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇記敘文?！拔摇痹隍T車去體育館參加網(wǎng)球訓(xùn)練的途中，被一輛跑車撞到，幸運的是“我”的骨頭沒有受傷。通過這起事故，“我”意識到了自行車車道和注意行人的重要性。1A.footballBtennisCvolley
49、ballDbadmintonB解析：根據(jù)第三段第三句中的“my tennis coach”可以判斷，“我”騎自行車到體育館參加網(wǎng)球訓(xùn)練，故B項正確。2A.permitted BbrokeCappearedDexplodedA解析：根據(jù)該句中的“I crossed the street”可知，“我”穿過了街道；根據(jù)常識可以判斷，此舉是在信號燈的允許(permitted)下進行的，故A項符合語境。3A.passed BgreetedChitDmetC解析：根據(jù)該句中的“a young woman _ me with her fancy racing car”，并結(jié)合第一段第一句中的“been hi
50、t by a vehicle”可知，一位年輕的女士開著跑車撞到了“我”。C項意為“撞擊”，符合語境。4A.romantic BhumorousCawkwardDdangerousD解析：根據(jù)該句“Like James Bond in a very _ situation, I rolled across the hood(引擎蓋) onto the other side of the car.”可知，就像詹姆斯邦德在非常危險的(dangerous)情況下那樣，“我”從引擎蓋上滾到了車的另一邊。5A.how BifCwhenDwhereA解析：分析該句結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在賓語從句中作狀語；結(jié)合該句“
51、You may wonder _ a woman driver could be so careless.”及語境可知，你可能想知道，一個女司機怎么會如此粗心。how表示“怎么，如何”，故選A。6A.passion BattentionCinterestDexcitementB解析：根據(jù)該句中的“The truth is that the woman was on her phone while driving”可知，這位女士在開車時打電話。據(jù)此可以判斷，她的注意力(attention)不在開車上。7A.needs BbehaviorsCinjuriesDconclusionsC解析：根據(jù)該句
52、中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged in any way”可以判斷，這是在對“我”的傷勢進行評定。C項意為“損傷”，符合語境，故C項正確。A項意為“需要”；B項意為“行為”；D項意為“結(jié)論”。8A.stood up Bwalked awayClay downDblew upA解析：根據(jù)該句中的“believing that all my bones were undamaged”可知，“我”的骨頭都沒有受傷；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”站起身和那位女司機說話。A項意為“站起身”，符合語境，故A項正確。B項意為“走開”；C項意為“躺下”；D項意為“
53、爆炸，爆發(fā)”。9A.rude BcautiousCforgetfulDscaredD解析：根據(jù)上文可知，“我”被這位女司機開的跑車撞到；據(jù)此可以判斷，這位女司機很害怕(scared)，故D項正確。A項意為“粗魯?shù)摹?；B項意為“謹慎的”；C項意為“健忘的”。10A.parted BclearedCexploredDchangedA解析：根據(jù)該句中的“After assuring her of my wellbeing”可以判斷，在讓她確信“我”身體沒事以后，我們就分開(parted)了。11A.Turning in BPicking upCPutting asideDGiving awayB解析
54、：根據(jù)上文可知，“我”被女司機駕駛的跑車撞到；據(jù)此可以判斷，“我”扶起(Picking up)了“我”的破爛的自行車就上路了。A項意為“交還”；C項意為“把放在一邊，撇開”，D項意為“泄露”。12A.garage Bparking lotCgymDbike storeC解析：根據(jù)第一段第二句中的“gym”可知，“我”騎車進了體育館(gym)，故選C。13A.avoided BignoredCpreventedDmentionedD解析：根據(jù)該段最后一句中的“saying that now I know how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并結(jié)
55、合該句“Nervously, I _ the car accident.”可知，緊張之余，“我”提到(mentioned)了這起事故。14A.grateful BinspiredCanxiousDcuriousC解析：根據(jù)前一句可知，“我”提到了這起事故；結(jié)合該句“Everyone seemed to be far more _ than I was.”可以判斷，他們似乎比“我”更加擔(dān)心(anxious)。A項意為“感激的”；B項意為“能力卓越的”；D項意為“好奇的”。15A.stillBevenCjustDyetB解析：根據(jù)該句中的“joked, saying that now I know
56、 how the squirrels feel after a nice escape”，并結(jié)合前一句他們似乎比“我”更加擔(dān)心的描述可知，事實上，“我”甚至(even)開起了玩笑。16A.attemptBsacrificeCexplorationDaccidentD解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，在這起事故(accident)之后，“我”意識到了自行車車道和密切注意行人的重要性。A項意為“嘗試”；B項意為“犧牲”；C項意為“探索”。17A.look outBwork outCcome outDset outA解析：根據(jù)該句中的“so that they do not_ the same fate(命運)
57、 that I did”可知，現(xiàn)在“我”開車時總要密切注意(look out)騎自行車的人，這樣他們就不會遭受(suffer)與“我”同樣的命運。B項意為“鍛煉身體”；C項意為“公開表明”；D項意為“出發(fā)”。18A.acceptBdeserveCsufferDescapeC解析：參見上題解析。A項意為“接受”；B項意為“應(yīng)得”；D項意為“逃跑”。19A.ThusBHoweverCOtherwiseDAlsoD解析：根據(jù)語境可知，“我”現(xiàn)在開車總要密切注意騎自行車的人，同樣(Also)，對于所有的騎自行車的人和跑步者，他們應(yīng)當(dāng)注意來往車輛，因為一個小錯誤可能會導(dǎo)致(cause)一個不可原諒的錯誤
58、。20A.repeatBcauseCcorrectDrealizeB解析：參見上題解析。 閱讀理解ABelgium is the land of music festivals. There are rock, pop, world, electronic music festivals and more, so youre sure to find a festival that suits your taste.GroezrockGroezrock could be considered the opener of the festival season in Belgium. This
59、festival grew from a small event to an international festival that had 33，000 visitors in 2016. If youre into the harder stuff(東西), this is where you need to go.When? April 2930. Where? Meerhout. Music? Punk, emo, ska and rock in all its variations. Free? No.Sfinks MixedSfinks is a world music festi
60、val that focuses on bringing culture together. There are also plenty of things to do besides watching the performances. Good to know for families: Sfinks is a kidfriendly festival, with workshops, storytelling and performances aimed at children.When? July 2730. Where? Boechout. Music? World. Free? T
61、he festival is free; the camping is not.Graspop Metal MeetingIf Groezrock doesnt seem rough enough to you, Graspop Metal Meeting might. As the name says, this festival is all about metal, rock and punk. In 2016 the festival received 140，000 visitors who came to watch the more than 100 bands performi
62、ng.When? June 1618. Where? Dessel. Music? Metal. Free? No.Genk on StageGenk on Stage is a pop musical with not only a lot of Belgian artists, but also some international names. 80，000 people attended Genk on Stage in 2016.When? June 2325. Where? Genk. Music? Pop. Free? Yes.【解題導(dǎo)語】本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，涉及音樂節(jié)話題。作者推薦了比利時幾個重要的音樂節(jié)。1Which may kick off the festival season in Belgium?AGroezrock.BSfinks Mixed.CGraspop Metal Meeting.DGenk on Stage.A解析：細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Groezrock部分中的“Groezrock could be consid
（江蘇版）2019屆高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)考點聚焦 Unit 3 Back to the past知能演練輕松闖關(guān) 牛津譯林版必修3
