2020屆高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 瘋狂專練二 非謂語動(dòng)詞單句填空 語法填空

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1、瘋狂專練二 非謂語動(dòng)詞單句填空 語法填空 技巧點(diǎn)撥 ? 當(dāng)句中已有謂語動(dòng)詞又沒有并列連詞與括號(hào)中的動(dòng)詞并列，該動(dòng)詞就是非謂語動(dòng)詞。此時(shí)，就要根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞的用法確定用具體的某種形式。如作主語或賓語，就用動(dòng)名詞 (表一般意義)或不定式形式(表具體意義)；作目的狀語或在形容詞后作狀語，用不定式；作伴隨狀語或作定語，要根據(jù)與邏輯主語的關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞；有時(shí)也要根據(jù)句式搭配來確定，如see/hear/ notice sb.do/doing sth., spenddoing sth.等。具體解題技巧如下： 第一步：若句中已有謂語，也不是作并列謂語時(shí)，應(yīng)為非謂語動(dòng)詞。 第二步：

2、根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞在句中所作句子成分、句式的特殊要求，或某些詞語的特殊要求，確定用哪種非謂語動(dòng)詞形式。如作目的狀語一般用不定式形式，作主語或賓語用-ing形式或不定式，在enjoy, finish等動(dòng)詞后作賓語用-ing形式，在decide, refuse等動(dòng)詞后作賓語要用不定式形式等等。 第三步：確定非謂語動(dòng)詞與其邏輯主語是主動(dòng)還是被動(dòng)關(guān)系。 第四步：根據(jù)非謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作與謂語動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作發(fā)生的先后關(guān)系確定用一般式還是用完成式。 ?？伎键c(diǎn) ? 主動(dòng) 被動(dòng) doing being done having done have been done to do to be

3、done to have done to have been done 小題狂練 ? 1.【2019·全國(guó) II卷】A 90-year-old has been awarded“Woman Of The Year”for ______ (be)Britain's oldest full-time employee — still working 40 hours a week. 2.【2019·全國(guó) II卷】When we got a call ______ (say)she was short-listed，we thought it was a joke. 3.【20

4、19·全國(guó) I卷】Scientists have responded by ______ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements. 4.【2019·全國(guó) I卷改編】Modem methods of tracking polar bear populations are expensive ______ (perform) consistently over a large area. 5.【2019·浙江卷】When the children are walking or _____

5、_ (cycle) to school on dark mornings, car drivers can easily see them. 6. 【2019·浙江卷】But some students didn't want ______ (wear) the uniform. 7. 【2018·全國(guó)I I卷】The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice ______ (improve) water quality. 8.【2018·全國(guó)III卷】Once his message was delivered

6、, he allowed me _______ (stay) and watch. 9. 【2018·全國(guó)I卷】You may drink, smoke, be overweight and still reduce your risk of (die) early by running. 10.【2018·全國(guó)I卷】You don’t have to run fast or for long (see) the benefit. 11.But unlike her school friends, 16-year-old Sarah is not spending half-term

7、(rest). 12. Fast food is full of fat and salt; by (eat) more fast food people will get more salt and fat than they need in their diet. 13. He went to the cinema, leaving me _________(do) all the rest of the work. 14. The old museum needs ____________ (repair)badly, and it is dangerous to visit i

8、t at present. 15. _________ (travel) along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experience. 16.Most colleges now offer first-year students a course specially _________(design) to help them succeed academically and personally. 17. The little boy stared at the strange man questioningly

9、, not ________ (know) whether to believe what he had said. 18. Failing(turn) in your homework on time will directly affect your grade for a certain course. 19.It tells a(touch) story that highlights Chinese families. 20.Shoppers at the Costcutter store at Brunel University in London can pay for i

10、tems(use) the special vein(靜脈) pattern in their fingertips 直擊考題 ? passage1 體裁 主題 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 說明文 漢字的起源和發(fā)展 225字 9分鐘 At the beginning, written Chinese was a picture-based language. It dates back several thousand years to the use of animal bones and shells on which symbols1(carve) by ancient

11、Chinese people. Some of the ancient symbols can still be seen in today’s hanzi. By the Shang Dynasty, these symbols 2(become) a well-developed writing system. Over the years, the system developed into different forms，as it was a time when people were divided geographically,3(lead) to many varieties

12、 of dialects characters. This, 4 ,changed under the rule of Emperor Qinshihuang of the Qin Dynasty. Emperor Qinshihuang made the seven major states into one 5(unite) country where the Chinese writing system began to develop in one direction. That writing system was 6great importance in unitin

13、g the Chinese people and culture. Even today, no matter where Chinese people live or7dialect they speak, they can all still communicate8(easy) in writing. Written Chinese has also become an important means by 9China’s present is connected with its past. People in modem times can read the classic 10

14、(work) which were written by Chinese in ancient times. The high regard for the Chinese writing system can be seen in the development of Chinese characters as an art form, known as Chinese calligraphy, which has become an important part of Chinese culture. passage2 體裁 主題 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 說明文 “中國(guó)的新四大發(fā)

15、明” 209字 9分鐘 【河南省南陽市一中2019-2020學(xué)年高三上學(xué)期第四次月考英語試題】 China has once again proved its ___1___ (able) to change the world with the “new four great inventions”: high-speed railways, electronic payments, shared bicycles and online shopping. They’re related to China’s high-tech innovation (創(chuàng)新), ___2___ ha

16、s improved the quality of people’s lives, according to a survey___3___ (make) by the Belt and Road Research Institute of Beijing Foreign Studies University. “My wallet is no longer in use. I can buy and eat whatever I want simply with a fingertip on my phone,” said ___4___university student, adding

17、 that “even pancake sellers are using mobile payment”. The bikes___5___ (them) are not new, but the operating model of bike-sharing___6___ (base) on satellite navigation system, mobile payment, big data and other high technologies. China has entered a new innovative era, thanks to the large amount

18、s of capital China has invested in___7___ (encourage) innovation, said Bernhard Schwartlander, WHO Representative in China. It is increasingly clear that China is innovating and no longer copying Western ideas. This is especially true in mobile, where China is leading ___8___many ways such as…socia

19、l messaging app WeChat, she said. This is partly ___9___China skipped over the PC era and went directly to mobile. China has a ___10__ (large) mobile use than any other country in the world. passage3 體裁 主題 字?jǐn)?shù) 建議用時(shí) 說明文 中國(guó)產(chǎn)品 183字 8分鐘 【2019-2020學(xué)年山東師范大學(xué)附中高考模擬卷】 Chinese might be heard when

20、you take a ride on the street. ___1___ (turn) to the right, you see a Sichuan-style restaurant. After walking into a store, you see that Huawei smartphones are on sale. But you're not in China — you're in Manchester in Britain. In fact, you might see similar things in many othercities. Chinese produ

21、cts have been going global. In the past, most Western people thought Chinese products were cheap but not reliable. Things ___2___ (change) greatly, though. For example, Huawei,___3___is one of China's major smartphone ___4___ (make), overtook Apple in worldwide smartphone sales for the first time i

22、n the third quarter of 2018, only behind Samsung. Some Chinese brands are also becoming more popular. In many cities in Europe, stores sell TCL televisions, Haier fridges and Lenovo computers. They're not___5___ (simple) made in China, ___6___designed in the country. Western countries have been en

23、joying Chinese food for a long time. Chinese restaurants have made some changes to the dishes___7___ (meet) local people's tastes. With its rapid___8___ (grow), China has been displaying9increasingly great influence when fitting in___10___the world. 8 答案與解析 小題狂練 ? 1.【答案】bei

24、ng 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞for可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞形式作賓語，故填being。 2.【答案】saying 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其后所接的賓語從句可知，此處用現(xiàn)在分詞形式saying作后置定語，解釋名詞call的內(nèi)容，call與say是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故填saying。 3.【答案】noting 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)其前介詞by可知，此處用動(dòng)名詞主動(dòng)形式，故填noting。 4.【答案】to perform 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。主系表結(jié)構(gòu)之后，常用不定式作原因或目的狀語，句意：跟蹤北極熊的現(xiàn)代方法只在如此大區(qū)域內(nèi)持續(xù)采用是昂貴的，故此處用to perf

25、orm。 5.【答案】cycling 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：當(dāng)孩子們?cè)诤诎档脑绯坎叫谢蝌T車上學(xué)時(shí)，汽車司機(jī)很容易看到它們。or連接兩個(gè)并列成分，根據(jù)or前的walking可知，此處要用cycling。故填cycling。 6.【答案】to wear 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：但是，有一些學(xué)生不想穿學(xué)生服。want to do sth想要做某事，這是want的固定用法。故填to wear。 7.【答案】to improve 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：為了改善水質(zhì)政府鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)民種植玉米而不是大米。沒有連詞可以且謂語動(dòng)詞是encourages，故improve應(yīng)該用非謂語動(dòng)

26、詞。此處表示目的，故用不定式。故填to improve。 8.【答案】to stay 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。固定短語allow sb to do允許某人做某事，應(yīng)該用to stay。 9.【答案】dying 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。你也許喝酒、吸煙或超重，但仍然通過跑步會(huì)減少早亡的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。此處of是介詞，其后用動(dòng)名詞。故填dying。 10.【答案】to see 【解析】考查不定式作目的狀語。你不必跑得太快或時(shí)間太長(zhǎng)就能看到它的好處。此處不定式作目的狀語，故填to see。 11.【答案】resting 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。固定短語：spend time doing st

27、h花費(fèi)時(shí)間做某事。 12.【答案】eating 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：快餐含大量的脂肪鹽；通過吃更多的快餐，人們將在飲食中攝入超過需求量的脂肪和鹽。根據(jù)前文中的by可知此處應(yīng)該填名詞、動(dòng)名詞。 13.【答案】to do 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：他去了電影院，留下我一人做剩下的所有工作。leave sb. to do sth.留下某人去做某事。 14.【答案】repairing / to be repaired 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：這座博物館急需修復(fù)，目前參觀它很危險(xiǎn)。need doing =need to be done。 15.【答案】Travelin

28、g 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：沿著絲綢之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的經(jīng)歷?！癬___ along the old Silk Road”做主語，要用動(dòng)名詞。 16.【答案】designed 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。a course和design之間是動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞。句意：現(xiàn)在大多數(shù)大學(xué)都為一年級(jí)學(xué)生開設(shè)了一門課程，專門幫助他們?cè)趯W(xué)業(yè)和個(gè)人方面取得成功。 17.【答案】knowing 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：小男孩疑惑地盯著這個(gè)陌生人，不知道自己是否該相信他說的話。little boy與know之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，表示主動(dòng)，用現(xiàn)在分詞作伴隨狀語。 18.【答案】t

29、o turn 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：不按時(shí)交作業(yè)會(huì)直接影響到某一課程的成績(jī)。fail to do sth 未能做某事。 19.【答案】touching 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：它講述了一個(gè)感人的故事，突出了中國(guó)家庭。修飾物作定語使用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 20.【答案】using 【解析】考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。句意：據(jù)英國(guó)《每日電訊報(bào)》報(bào)道，倫敦布魯內(nèi)爾大學(xué)（brunel university）Costcutter store商店的顧客可以用指尖上的特殊紋路來購(gòu)買商品。此句謂語動(dòng)詞為pay for，此處用非謂語動(dòng)詞，use與邏輯主語shoppers是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞形式。 直擊

30、考題 ? passage1 【答案】 1．were carved 2．had become 3．leading 4．however 5．united 6．of 7．what 8．easily 9．which 10．works 【解析】 1.考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。句意：它可以追溯到幾千年前使用的動(dòng)物骨頭和貝殼，古代中國(guó)人在上面雕刻符號(hào)。描述發(fā)生在過去的事情，用一般過去時(shí)，“符號(hào)”和“雕刻”之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)，所以填were carved。 2.考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：到了商代，這些符號(hào)已經(jīng)成為一種很發(fā)達(dá)的文字系統(tǒng)。表示發(fā)生在過去的過去，用過去完成時(shí)，所以填h

31、ad become。 3.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。 “地理分割”和“導(dǎo)致”之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語，所以填leading。 4.考查副詞。句意：然而，在秦始皇的統(tǒng)治下，這種情況發(fā)生了改變。文中表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，所以填however。 5.考查形容詞。句意：秦始皇把七個(gè)主要國(guó)家統(tǒng)一為一個(gè)國(guó)家，中國(guó)的文字系統(tǒng)開始朝一個(gè)方向發(fā)展。該空修飾名詞country，用形容詞，所以填united。 6.考查固定短語。句意：這種文字系統(tǒng)對(duì)中國(guó)人民和中國(guó)文化的融合具有重要意義。of great importance有重要意義，該短語是固定短語，所以填of。 7.考查賓語從句。句意：即使在今天，無論中國(guó)人住在

32、哪里，說什么方言，他們都可以很容易地用書面交流。文中表示“說什么方言”，所以填what。 8.考查副詞。修飾動(dòng)詞communicate，用副詞，所以填easily。 9.考查定語從句。句意：書面漢語也成為中國(guó)的現(xiàn)在與過去聯(lián)系的重要手段。by ___9___ China’s present is connected with its past是一個(gè)介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，修飾先行詞means，介詞+關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)的定語從句，指物，只能用which，所以填which。 10.考查名詞。句意：現(xiàn)代人可以讀到中國(guó)古代的經(jīng)典著作。文中表示“中國(guó)古代的經(jīng)典著作”，用名詞，所以填works。 p

33、assage2 【答案】 1．a(chǎn)bility 2．which 3．made 4．a(chǎn) 5．themselves 6．is based 7．encouraging 8．in 9．because 10．larger 【解析】 1.考查名詞。句意：中國(guó)通過“新四大發(fā)明”——高速鐵路、電子支付、共享單車和網(wǎng)上購(gòu)物——再次證明了自己改變世界的能力。根據(jù)上文its為形容詞性物主代詞修飾名詞，故填ability。 2.考查非限制性定語從句。句意：據(jù)北京外國(guó)語大學(xué)“一帶一路”研究院的一項(xiàng)調(diào)查顯示，這與中國(guó)的高科技創(chuàng)新有關(guān)，科技創(chuàng)新提高了人們的生活質(zhì)量。本句為非限定性定語從句修飾先

34、行詞innovation，為物，在非限制性定語從句中作主語，所以用which引導(dǎo)。 3.考查非謂語動(dòng)詞。本句已經(jīng)存在謂語動(dòng)詞且句中沒有連詞，故make只能做非謂語動(dòng)詞。且和邏輯主語survey 之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞作后置定語。故填made。 4．考查冠詞。句意：“我的錢包不用了。一名大學(xué)生說，他還補(bǔ)充說，“甚至賣煎餅的人也在使用移動(dòng)支付?！眘tudent為可數(shù)名詞，此處表示泛指一個(gè)學(xué)生，故填不定冠詞a。 5.考查反身代詞。句意：自行車本身并不新鮮，但共享單車的運(yùn)營(yíng)模式是基于衛(wèi)星導(dǎo)航系統(tǒng)、移動(dòng)支付、大數(shù)據(jù)等高科技。本句為反身代詞做同位語，指復(fù)數(shù)名詞the bikes，所以用 themselves。