（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第一節(jié) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 三 數(shù)字計(jì)算題學(xué)案 新人教版

《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第一節(jié) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 三 數(shù)字計(jì)算題學(xué)案 新人教版》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（浙京津魯瓊專版）2020版高考英語大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題二 閱讀理解 第一節(jié) 細(xì)節(jié)理解題 三 數(shù)字計(jì)算題學(xué)案 新人教版（15頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、三、數(shù)字計(jì)算題 (2018·全國(guó)Ⅲ，A) WelcometoHolkerHall&Gardens VisitorInformation HowtoGettoHolker ByCar：FollowbrownsignsonA590fromJ36，M6.Approximatetraveltimes：Windermere—20minutes，Kendal—25minutes，Lancaster—45minutes，Manchester—1hour30minutes. ByRail：TheneareststationisCark-in-CartmelwithtrainstoCarnfor

2、th，LancasterandPrestonforconnectionstomajorcities&airports. OpeningTimes Sunday－Friday (closedonSaturday)11∶00am－4∶00pm,30thMarch－2ndNovember. AdmissionCharges 　　　　　Hall&Gardens　　　　Gardens Adults：　　　　　￡12.00　　　　　　￡8.00 Groups: ￡9.00￡5.50 SpecialEvents Producers’Market　13thApril Joinustotas

3、teavarietyoffreshlocalfoodanddrinks.Meettheproducersandgetsomeexcellentrecipeideas. HolkerGardenFestival　30thMay Theeventcelebratesits22ndanniversarywithagreatshowoftheverybestofgardening，makingitoneofthemostpopulareventsingardening. NationalGardenDay　28thAugust Holkeronceagainopensitsgardensina

4、idofthedisadvantaged.Forjustasmalldonationyoucantakeatourwithourgardenguide. WinterMarket　8thNovember Thisisaneventforallthefamily.Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇應(yīng)用文，題材是旅游廣告。文章介紹了游覽霍爾克莊園的游客須知和四項(xiàng)特別的活動(dòng)。 21．Howlongdoesitpro

5、bablytakeatouristtodrivetoHolkerfromManchester? A．20minutes. B．25minutes. C．45minutes. D．90minutes. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的HowtoGettoHolker部分中“ByCar：...Approximatetraveltimes：...Manchester—1hour30minutes.”可知，游客從Manchester開車到Holker大約用一個(gè)半小時(shí)，也就是90分鐘。故選D。 22．HowmuchshouldamemberofatourgrouppaytovisitHa

6、ll&Gardens? A．￡12.00. B．￡9.00. C．￡8.00. D．￡5.50. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的AdmissionCharges部分中Hall&Gardens一列與Groups一行的交叉點(diǎn)可知，旅游團(tuán)的一個(gè)成員游覽Hall&Gardens所需要的費(fèi)用為￡9.00。故選B。 23．Whicheventwillyougotoifyouwanttoseealivemusicshow? A．Producers’Market. B．HolkerGardenFestival. C．NationalGardenDay. D．WinterMarket.

7、 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章的WinterMarket部分中的第二句“Wanderamongavarietyofshopssellinggiftswhileenjoyingalivemusicshowandnicestreetentertainment.(流連于形形色色的禮品商店間，同時(shí)欣賞著現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的音樂演出和好看的街頭娛樂活動(dòng))”可知，如果想看現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的音樂演出，你就去WinterMarket。故選D。 一、題型解讀 1．?dāng)?shù)字計(jì)算細(xì)節(jié)理解題一般會(huì)涉及時(shí)間、年齡、價(jià)錢、數(shù)量、距離等的簡(jiǎn)單計(jì)算。一般來說，計(jì)算量都比較小，容易計(jì)算。但是英語閱讀中的數(shù)字計(jì)算必須要找出計(jì)算背后所隱含的

8、信息。這些“暗”信息會(huì)涉及對(duì)某個(gè)難句的理解，從這個(gè)角度上講，理解文中相應(yīng)的復(fù)雜句是解這類題的關(guān)鍵。 2．?dāng)?shù)字計(jì)算細(xì)節(jié)理解題的話題有：(1)廣告類；(2)故事類；(3)科普知識(shí)類；(4)史地自然類；(5)文化教育類。設(shè)問方式以when，inwhichyear，howmany/much等疑問詞開頭引出問題。 二、解題技巧——“加減乘除”得數(shù)據(jù) 1．閱讀題干，查看題干中的關(guān)鍵詞尋讀原文，同時(shí)標(biāo)記數(shù)字、時(shí)間、年代等相關(guān)信息。 2．弄清題干詢問數(shù)據(jù)與原文數(shù)據(jù)的邏輯關(guān)系，并進(jìn)行加減乘除計(jì)算。 3．特殊信息應(yīng)注意： (1)特殊數(shù)字：decade十年；fortnight兩周；doubl

9、e兩倍；couple兩個(gè)；score二十；dozen十二。 (2)特殊詞匯：off削價(jià)，減價(jià)；discount折扣。 如【真題感悟】中第21題，閱讀題干后根據(jù)第一段HowtoGettoHolker中Bycar里Approximatetraveltimes后面的內(nèi)容可知，從Manchester到Holker要用1hour30minutes，即一個(gè)半小時(shí)，也就是90分鐘，故選D。 A (2019·湖北武漢第二中學(xué)仿真模擬) TheVisitorOysterCard AVisitorOystercardisthecheapestwaytopayfora1singleadultjour

10、neyinLondon.It’saplasticsmartcard.Youcanuseitonthebus，tube，tram，DLR，LondonOvergroundandmostNationalRailservices.9It’smuchcheaperthanbuying2individualtickets，insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregularpaperticket. HowtogetaVisitorOystercard YoucanbuyaVisitorOystercardonline.Yourcardwillbe5deliv

11、eredbypost.Thecardcosts￡5andyouchoosehowmuchmoneyyouwanttoaddtothecard.ThismeansyoucanstartusingthecardthemomentyouarriveinCentralLondon. HowdoestheVisitorOystercardwork? TheOystercardworksonapay-as-you-gosystem.Youstartbyaddingmoneytothecard.Thenyoutravel，andthecostofthefarewill3automaticallybede

12、ductedfromyourVisitorOystercard.Forexample，ifyouadd￡20tothecardandmakeatubejourneyof￡2.30，youwillhave￡17.70leftonthecard. Afewmorepoints： ·Achildundertheageof11travelsfreewhenaccompaniedbyanadult. ·You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis“capped(給……定上限)”at￡6.80perday.

13、 ·You’llpaymoreduringpeaktimes.Peakfares6applyfromMondaytoFriday(6∶30am—9∶30am；4∶00pm—7∶00pm)，exceptforpublicholidays. ·ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation，OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre. ·ReceiveadiscountontheThamesClippersRiverBusservices. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇說明文，主要介紹了游覽倫敦使用游客牡蠣卡的好處、如何購(gòu)買及如何充

14、值。 1．WhatcanwelearnabouttheVisitorOystercard? A．Youcan’tuseitduringpublicholidays. B．Youcanhaveitmaileddirectlytoyourhome. C．YoucangetafreeOystercardifyouorderonline. D．Youcanreceivea50%discountatanyshopinLondon. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段第二句“Yourcardwillbedeliveredbypost.”可知，游客牡蠣卡可以直接寄到你家。故選B。 2．

15、HowmuchmoneywillbedeductedifyoutakethetubefourtimesinadaywithaVisitorOystercard? A．￡2.30. B．￡3.40. C．￡6.80. D．￡9.20. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Afewmorepoints部分的第二條“You’llsavemoremoneyifyouusethetubeseveraltimes.TheVisitorOystercardis‘capped(給……定上限)’at￡6.80perday.”可知，游客牡蠣卡的“上限”是每天6.8英鎊。故選C。 3．Wherecanyoua

16、ddcredittoyourVisitorOystercard? A．OntheInternet. B．Atabusstation. C．Atatubestation. D．Inconveniencestores. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Afewmorepoints部分的倒數(shù)第二條“ReusetheOystercardbyaddingcreditatatubestation，OysterticketshoporVisitorCentre.”可知，可以在地鐵站充值。故選C。 B (2019·山西一模) BritishMuseum LocatedinGreatRus

17、sellStreet，LondonWC1B3DG，theBritishMuseum7housesavastcollectionofworldartandartifactsandisfreetoallvisitors.TheBritishMuseum’sremarkablecollectionspansovertwomillionyearsofhumanhistoryandculture，andithasmorethan7million8objects，soitwouldprobablytakeaweektoseeeverything. Over6millionvisitorseveryyea

18、rexperiencethecollection，includingworld-famousobjectssuchastheRosettaStoneandEgyptianmummies. 4Admissionandopeningtimes Free，opendaily10∶00to17∶30. Openuntil20∶30onFridays，exceptGoodFriday. Closedon24,25and26Decemberand1January. Largeluggage，suitcasesandcabinbaggage Foreveryone’ssafety，allbags

19、，packagesandpersonalitemsmaybesearchedbeforeentry.WheeledcasesandlargeitemsofluggagearenotallowedintheBritishMuseumforsafetyandsecurityreasons.Storageforluggageisavailableatmajorrailstations，includingEuston，King’sCrossandCharingCross. Membership 10Membershipallowsyoutodiscover2millionyearsofhumanh

20、istorywithfreeunlimitedentrytospecialexhibitions，anexclusivediscountofferonmagazinesubscriptionandmanymorebenefits. Individualmembership：￡74 Under26membership：￡54 Youngfriends (aged8－15)：￡25 Shops Themuseumhasfourshopswhereyoucanbuybooks，souvenirs，andfamilygifts. 4．WhencanyouvisittheBritishM

21、useum? A．At9∶00onFriday. B．At12∶00onMonday. C．OnChristmasDay. D．OnGoodFriday. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Admissionandopeningtimes部分提到的“Free，opendaily10∶00to17∶30.”可知，你可以在星期一中午12點(diǎn)去參觀。故選B。 5．Wherecanvisitorsstoretheirlargeluggage? A．Atmajortrainstations. B．Atsomecrossings. C．Inthehallofthemuseum. D．At

22、theentrancetothemuseum. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Largeluggage，suitcasesandcabinbaggage部分的最后一句“Storageforluggageisavailableatmajorrailstations，includingEuston，King’sCrossandCharingCross.”可知，游客可以在主要的火車站寄存行李。故選A。 6．Iftwofriendsaged14and18applyformembershipofthemuseum，howmuchshouldtheypay? A．￡25.B．￡79.C．￡50.

23、D．￡148. 答案　B 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)Membership部分的“Individualmembership：￡74Under26membership：￡54Youngfriends (aged8－15)：￡25”可知，他們申請(qǐng)會(huì)員證需要25＋54＝79英鎊。故選B。 Ⅰ.障礙詞匯突破 (一)閱讀下列句子，并根據(jù)句意猜測(cè)畫線部分的意思 1．Ifyouplantobuyyourticketbackimmediately，asingleticketisacheaperchoice.單程的 2．It’scleanertodividethevegetablesamongfour

24、individualdishes.單獨(dú)的 3．Themachineautomaticallydownloadstheinformationwhenitisonline.自動(dòng)地 4．TheadmissionoftheartgalleryisfreeonSundays.門票 (二)同義詞語替換 5．Thegovernmentplanstodelivermorefood，medicineandfreshwatertotheearthquake-hitarea.send (三)一詞多義 6．a(chǎn)pplyv．適用；應(yīng)用；申請(qǐng)；涂，敷 (1)Iamwritingtoapplyforthepos

25、itionasastudentvolunteer.v.申請(qǐng) (2)Iftheconstitutionsaidthatallpeoplewerefreeandequal，thenshethoughtitshouldapplytoher.v.適用 (3)Applythecreamevenlytoyourfaceandneck.v.涂，敷 (4)Thenewtechnologyisgoingtobeappliedtofarming.v.應(yīng)用 7．housev．給……提供住宿；收藏 (1)TomorrowweareofftoNaplestovisitthemuseumthathousesma

26、nyofthetreasuresfromPompeii (龐貝)．v.收藏 (2)Shelterswillbebuilttohousethosesurvivorswhosehousesweredestroyed.v.給……提供住宿 8．objectn．物體；目標(biāo)v．反對(duì) (1)Theobjectofthegameistoimprovechildren’slanguageskills.n.目標(biāo) (2)Weseeacertainobjectbecauseitreflectslightintooureyes.n.物體 (3)Whydosomepeopleobjecttohumancloni

27、ng？v.反對(duì) Ⅱ.長(zhǎng)難句理解 9．It’smuchcheaperthanbuyingindividualtickets，insomecasescosting50%lessthanthepriceofaregularpaperticket. [句式分析]　本句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，主干是It’smuchcheaper。注意：句中用了兩處比較級(jí)cheaper和less；costing是狀語，和句子的主語it構(gòu)成主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用v.-ing形式。 [精美譯文]　它比購(gòu)買單張票便宜得多，在某些情況下，價(jià)格比普通紙票便宜50%。 10．Membershipallowsyoutodiscover2mi

28、llionyearsofhumanhistorywithfreeunlimitedentrytospecialexhibitions，anexclusivediscountofferonmagazinesubscriptionandmanymorebenefits. [句式分析]　本句是一個(gè)簡(jiǎn)單句，為簡(jiǎn)單句五種句型中的主謂賓賓補(bǔ)結(jié)構(gòu)。主語是Membership；謂語是allow；賓語是you；賓補(bǔ)是todiscover2millionyearsofhumanhistory。with短語比較長(zhǎng)，作狀語；with后面三個(gè)短語freeunlimitedentrytospecialexhibitio

29、ns，anexclusivediscountofferonmagazinesubscription和manymorebenefits作賓語。 [精美譯文]　會(huì)員資格使你可以更好地發(fā)現(xiàn)人類兩百萬年的歷史、無限制地參加特別展覽，提供給你獨(dú)家雜志訂閱的折扣以及更多優(yōu)惠。 強(qiáng)化練(十一) Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A (2019·河北石家莊鹿泉中學(xué)四模) Formostclimbers，professionaloramateur，reachingthesummitofMountEverest—Earth’shighestmountainabovesealevel—onceisapeakachievem

30、ent.However，don’ttellthattoKamiRita，whoscaled(攀登) thepeakofthedangerousmountainforthe22ndtimeonMay16,2018，breakingthepreviousrecordof21successfulclimbshesharedwithtwofellowguides.Andtheexperiencedmountaineerisnotdoneyet! Heannounced，“MygoalistoreachthesummitofEverestatleast25times.”MrRita，whoearns$1

31、0,000foreachEverestexpedition，hassuccessfullyscaledthemountainalmosteveryyearsincetheageof24. WhileMrRitahasbeenfortunateenoughtoavoidanymisadventure，hehaswitnessedhisshareoftragedies.In2014，hewasatbasecampwhenasnowslidekilled16Sherpaguides，including5fromhisteam.Thefollowingyear，anearthquake-trigge

32、redsnowslideburied19peopleatbasecamp.TheonlyreasonMrRitaescapedwasthathisteam’stentsweresituatedawayfromthecentralarea. However，themountaineerbelievesthattheimprovementinequipmentandweatherforecastingsystemshasmadeclimbingtheEverestslightlyeasierthanitwaswhenhebegan.Hesaid，“Thedangersarestillthere：

33、thecrackaredeep，andtheslopesareunpredictable.Butwearenotclimbingblindlikeweusedto.Wearebetterinformedaboutweatherandotherconditionsonthemountain.Evenourcustomersaremoreaware，andtheytrainthemselvesforatleastayearbeforeattemptingEverest.” MrRitawasnottheonlyonemakingheadlinesonMay16.42-year-oldLhakpa

34、Sherpa，leadingateamviathenorthernTibetanroute，brokeherownrecordwhenshebecamethefirstwomantoreachtheMt.Everestpeakfortheninthtime. 語篇解讀　本文是一篇新聞報(bào)道。主要講述了Kami Rita在2018年5月16日第22次登上了珠峰的頂峰，打破了之前的紀(jì)錄。 1．HowmuchmoneyhasMrRitaprobablymadeforEverestexpeditions? A．$10,000. B．$210,000. C．$220,000. D．$250,0

35、00. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...whoscaled(攀登) thepeakofthedangerousmountainforthe22ndtimeonMay16,2018...”scale此處為動(dòng)詞，表示“達(dá)到頂點(diǎn)”和“MrRita，whoearns $10,000 for each Everest expedition...”可知，Rita在登峰探險(xiǎn)上掙了220,000美元。故選C。 2．WhatresultedinMrRita’ssurvivalinthe2015snowslide? A．Hisluckylocation. B．Histentofhigh

36、quality. C．Hisadvancedequipment. D．Hisforecastoftheweather. 答案　A 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“TheonlyreasonMrRitaescapedwasthathisteam’stentsweresituatedawayfromthecentralarea.”可知，他的帳篷恰好離雪崩中心遠(yuǎn)，所以逃過一劫，對(duì)應(yīng)選項(xiàng)中的luckylocation。故選A。 3．Whatcanbeinferredfromthethirdparagraph? A．Themountainisinlessdangerousconditi

37、on. B．Thechanceofsuccessfulpeakclimbingishigher. C．Everyclimberhastobeequippedwithprofessionalskills. D．Luckdeterminesthesuccessofclimbingthepeakinaway. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三、四句“Butwearenotclimbingblindlikeweusedto.Wearebetterinformedaboutweatherandotherconditionsonthemountain.”可推知，現(xiàn)在成功登峰的機(jī)會(huì)越來越

38、大。故選B項(xiàng)。 4．Whattypeofwritingisthistext? A．Abiography. B．Anewsreport. C．Ashowreview. D．Anadventurestory. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。最后一段第一句“MrRitawasnottheonlyonemakingheadlinesonMay16.”中的makeheadlines表示“成為頭條”，由此可知，這是一篇新聞報(bào)道。 B FinlandisthehappiestplaceonEarth，accordingtothe2018WorldHappinessReportof156natio

39、ns. Thereport，releasedWednesdaybytheUnitedNations’SustainableDevelopmentSolutionsNetwork，ranksthecountriesoftheworldbasedonsixdifferentcategoriesofwell-being：income，freedom，trust，lifeexpectancy，generosityandsocialsupport.Thisyear’sreportalsopaysspecialattentiontothehappinessofeachcountry’simmigrant

40、s. TheUSdroppedfourspotsfrom2017andlandedin18thplace，andlastyear’swinner，Norway，cameinsecondplace—followedbyDenmark，IcelandandSwitzerland. “Thetopfivecountriesallhavealmostequallyhighvaluesforthesixfactorsfoundtosupporthappiness，andfourofthesecountriesDenmark，Switzerland，NorwayandnowFinlandhavebee

41、ninfirstplaceinthesixWorldHappinessReportrankingssincethefirstreportin2012，”co-editorJohnHelliwelltoldCNN.“Inadivisionwithsuchexcellentteams，changesinthetopspotaretobeexpected.” Roundingoutthetop10happiestcountrieswasCanadainsixthplace，thenNewZealand，SwedenandAustralia.Theorderofthetop10nationschan

42、gedfromthe2017listbutthecountriesdidnot，accordingtothereport.Theywerealso10ofthe11topspotsintheimmigranthappinesscategory (includingMexico—24thoverall，but10thinimmigration)． “Themoststrikingfindingofthereportistheremarkableconsistencybetweenthehappinessofimmigrantsandthelocallyborn，”Helliwellsaidin

43、astatement.“Althoughimmigrantscomefromcountrieswithverydifferentlevelsofhappiness，theirreportedlifeevaluationsresemblethoseofotherresidentsintheirnewcountries.Thosewhomovetohappiercountriesgain，whilethosewhomovetolesshappycountrieslose.” Othermajorworldpowersplacedinsignificantlylowspotsonthelist.G

44、ermanycamein15th，theUKwas19th—followedbyJapanin54thplace，Russiain59thandChinain86th. Thereport，basedonsurveyscompletedbycitizenvolunteers，camejustunderaweekbeforeWorldHappinessDayonMarch20，whentheUNdeclaredtorecognize“therelevanceofhappinessandwell-beingasuniversalgoalsandaspirationsinthelivesofhum

45、anbeingsaroundtheworldandtheimportanceoftheirrecognitioninpublicpolicyobjectives.” 語篇解讀　本文為一篇說明文。文章介紹了2018年的世界幸福報(bào)告。這份報(bào)告由聯(lián)合國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展解決方案網(wǎng)絡(luò)(Sustainable Development Solutions Network)于周三發(fā)布，報(bào)告根據(jù)收入、自由、信任、預(yù)期壽命、慷慨和社會(huì)支持六種不同的幸福程度對(duì)世界各國(guó)進(jìn)行了排名。 5．TheUSrankedin2017. A．14B．10C．18D．22 答案　A 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“TheU

46、Sdroppedfourspotsfrom2017andlandedin18thplace”可知，美國(guó)2018年排名18，比2017年下降了4個(gè)名次，故2017年排名第14，故A選項(xiàng)正確。 6．Whatisthemostsignificantfindingofthereport? A．Thatimmigrantsaredifferentfromresidentsinthecountry. B．Thatimmigrantscomefromcountrieswithdifferentlevelsofhappiness. C．Thatimmigrantsbecomehappywhenthey

47、leavethecountry. D．Thatimmigrantsandlocalsfeelthesimilarlevelofhappiness. 答案　D 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句“Themoststrikingfindingofthereportistheremarkableconsistencybetweenthehappinessofimmigrantsandthelocallyborn”可知，這份報(bào)告最令人震驚的發(fā)現(xiàn)是，移民和當(dāng)?shù)厝说男腋８畜@人的一致。故D選項(xiàng)正確。 7．Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph? A．Happ

48、inessisnolessimportantthananyotheraspectinlife. B．People’shappinessandwell-beingshouldbeconsideredwhenitcomestopolicy-making. C．ThehappinessreportcameunderaweekbeforeWorldHappinessDay. D．WhattheUNdeclaredwasbeneficialtoallhumanbeings. 答案　B 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...theUNdeclaredtorecognize‘thereleva

49、nceofhappinessandwell-beingasuniversalgoalsandaspirationsinthelivesofhumanbeingsaroundtheworldandtheimportanceoftheirrecognitioninpublicpolicyobjectives’”可知，在決策時(shí)要考慮人民的幸福和福祉。故B選項(xiàng)正確。 8．Whatisthebesttitleofthepassage? A．WorldHappinessDay B．ThePursuitofHappinessForever C．What’sYourHappinessIndex(指數(shù))

50、? D．The2018WorldHappinessReport 答案　D 解析　標(biāo)題歸納題。本文主要介紹了聯(lián)合國(guó)可持續(xù)發(fā)展解決方案網(wǎng)絡(luò)(SustainableDevelopmentSolutionsNetwork)于周三發(fā)布的一份2018年世界幸福報(bào)告，根據(jù)收入、自由、信任、預(yù)期壽命、慷慨和社會(huì)支持六種不同的幸福程度對(duì)世界各國(guó)進(jìn)行了排名。由此可知，D項(xiàng)“2018年世界幸福報(bào)告”最適合做本文標(biāo)題。 C (2018·溫州高考適應(yīng)性考試) Ahybridelectricvehicle(混合動(dòng)力汽車) orHEVisavehicledrivenbythecombinationofapetr

51、olengineandanelectricmotor.TerrencehasbeendrivingaHEVforfiveyears.Hereallydoesn’tunderstandwhymorepeoplearen’tacceptingthem.“Iprobablyspendabout$7adayonpetrol，”.au.InhispreviousconventionalvehicleTerrencesaidhewasspendingupto$30adayonpetrol，meaninghesavesalmost$6,000everyyear. TheToyotaspokesmansai

52、dthiswasquiteahighsavingandofficialtestsestimated(估計(jì)) anaveragedriverwouldonlysaveabout33percentofftheircurrentbill.Thismeansadriverpaying$30adayonpetrolwouldseetheirbilldroptoabout$20usingthehybrid.“Ataxidriverthatdrivesinbuilt-upareasandspendslittletimeonhighwayswillnoticeahigherfuelsaving，”hesaid

53、.“Lowspeedsallowtheelectricmotorstobeusedmoreandthepetrolenginetobeusedless.” Whilesomepeopleareskepticalabouthowreliablehybridsare，Terrencesaidhehadneverrunoutofpower.HisCamrycostabout$34,000andafterfiveyears，it’snearlypaidforitself.“Forcabdrivers，it’sarealadvantagebecauseofthecost-effectiveness，”

54、hesaid.Terrencehasnocomplaintsaboutthecar.“Iloveit，thecalmandquietnessofit，thesimplicityofit—youjustjumpinandgo.Themaintenance(保養(yǎng)) costisreallylow.Buttheonlydifficultyisfindingsomeonetoservicethecarastherearenotmanyexperiencedmechanics(機(jī)修工)．” Terrencesaidit’s“extraordinary”thatmoredriversaren’tbuyi

55、nghybridvehiclesandthatgovernmentsarenotencouragingthismore.“Ithinkpeoplehaveaviewthatyouhavetoplugitin，whichisnottrue.Alackofinformationaboutthecarsmaybestoppingpeoplefromtakingtheplunge.It’snotpromotedatallforthepublictounderstand—it’ssimplifyingtheactualowningofacar—youdon’thavetodosomanythingsto

56、ownitandrunit.It’sjustsomuchsimpler.Whywouldn’tthegovernmentpromotesuchathing？” 語篇解讀　本文通過講述特倫斯對(duì)豐田公司生產(chǎn)的混合動(dòng)力汽車的體驗(yàn)，介紹了混合動(dòng)力汽車的優(yōu)缺點(diǎn)以及特倫斯的一些疑惑。 9.Howmuchdoesanaveragedriverpaying$30adayonpetrolsaveeachdaybydrivingahybrid? A．About$30. B．About$20. C．About$10. D．About$7. 答案　C 解析　數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Thismea

57、nsadriverpaying$30adayonpetrolwouldseetheirbilldroptoabout$20usingthehybrid.”可知，普通司機(jī)每天可以節(jié)省大約10美元。故選C。 10．Terrence’sproblemwithhisHEVatthemomentisaboutthe. A．speed B．power C．price D．service 答案　D 解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句“Buttheonlydifficultyisfindingsomeonetoservicethecarastherearenotmanyexperiencedmec

58、hanics(機(jī)修工)．”可推知，目前特倫斯所遇到的唯一難題是，混合動(dòng)力汽車的后續(xù)服務(wù)跟不上。故選D。 11．Whensaying“extraordinary”，Terrencethinksitis. A．understandable B．wonderful C．doubtful D．unbelievable 答案　D 解析　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第四段畫線詞后的“thatmoredriversaren’tbuyinghybridvehiclesandthatgovernmentsarenotencouragingthismore”和最后一句“Whywouldn’tthegovernmen

59、tpromotesuchathing？”可推知，特倫斯非常喜歡使用混合動(dòng)力汽車，但他對(duì)更多人不愿購(gòu)買以及對(duì)政府不推廣使用混合動(dòng)力汽車感到難以置信。故選D。 12．WhatdoesTerrencethinkpreventsthepopularityofhybridcars? A．Thedifficultyinservicingthecar. B．Therestrictionofthegovernment. C．ThelackofinformationaboutHEV. D．Theinconvenienceofchargingthecar. 答案　C 解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第三

60、句“Alackofinformationaboutthecarsmaybestoppingpeoplefromtakingtheplunge.”可知，特倫斯認(rèn)為，混合動(dòng)力汽車相關(guān)信息的缺失可能阻礙了人們對(duì)混合動(dòng)力汽車的使用。故選C。 Ⅱ.七選五 (2019·安徽師范大學(xué)附屬中學(xué)檢測(cè)) Competitionisallaroundusanditmakesthestrongstrongerandtheweakweaker.Itcanalsoteachushowtosurviveinafast-pacedandstressfulworld.13.Howmanyofushaveseenyoun

61、gboysweepingbecausetheirteamsdidn’twininter-schooltournament? Howmanyofushaveseenyoungteenagerscheatjusttowin? 14.Soit’simportanttodevelophealthycompetitionamongchildren. Whenitcomestoencouraginghealthycompetitionamongchildren，thefirstthingtodoissetgoalsforthemtostickto.15. Sincechildrenmaybeeasil

62、yaffectedbywrongideasfrompopularmediaandtheInternet，it’suptoyoutodeveloptherightkindofspiritinthem.Teamspiritwillhelpthemgrowintohumanbeingswhoaren’teasilyannoyedbysmalllossesortooexcitedbyvictories.16.Sogivethemexampleswherefamilymembersrefusedtocheattowin. 17.Whentheytakeanexam，don’taskabouthowmu

63、chtheyexpecttoscore；instead，askwhattheywroteabout.Ifyoursonplayedacricketmatchatschool，don’taskhimwhetherhisteamwonorlost；askhimhowmanyrunshescoredandencouragehimtoscorehighernexttimeinstead.Whenyouletyourchildrenknowthatyou’remoreinterestedinhowtheyperformedratherthanwhethertheylostorwon，theywillsu

64、relytrytobetterthemselves. A．However，youmustn’tpushthemtoohardandburdenthemwithtoohighagoal B．Weshouldalsoencouragehealthycompetitionamongchildren C．Thesearetheeffectsofunhealthycompetition D．Inaddition，theymayalsonotwanttoadoptjustanymethodtowin，likecheatingorlying E．Caremoreaboutchildren’sper

65、formanceratherthantheresultsinasportsmatch F．However，childrencanbehitbycompetition G．Sendingyourchildrentherightsignalsisalsoimportant 13．答案　F 解析　根據(jù)下文提到的兩個(gè)問題：我們中有多少人見過年輕的男孩因?yàn)樗麄兊那蜿?duì)沒有贏得校際錦標(biāo)賽而哭泣？我們中有多少人見過青少年為了贏而作弊？可知這兩個(gè)問題是兩個(gè)例子，證明競(jìng)爭(zhēng)會(huì)讓人受到打擊。故F項(xiàng)符合語境。 14．答案　C 解析　前面提到的兩個(gè)問題折射出不健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)產(chǎn)生的影響。故C項(xiàng)符合語境。同時(shí)，該選

66、項(xiàng)又引出下文：所以培養(yǎng)孩子之間的健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)是很重要的。 15．答案　A 解析　上一句提到：當(dāng)鼓勵(lì)孩子們健康競(jìng)爭(zhēng)時(shí)，要做的第一件事就是設(shè)定他們要堅(jiān)持的目標(biāo)。該空承接上文，對(duì)設(shè)定目標(biāo)這件事作進(jìn)一步的說明。故A項(xiàng)符合語境：然而，你不能把他們逼得太緊，讓高目標(biāo)成為他們的負(fù)擔(dān)。 16．答案　D 解析　下文提到：所以給他們舉些家人為了贏而拒絕作弊的例子。根據(jù)下文中的So可知，該空和下文之間是因果關(guān)系。那么，該空應(yīng)該提到作弊這樣的話題。故D項(xiàng)符合語境，同時(shí)承接上文。 17．答案　G 解析　通過該段內(nèi)容可知，作者建議家長(zhǎng)給孩子傳遞正確的信息：你關(guān)心的是他們的表現(xiàn)，而不是成績(jī)。故G項(xiàng)符合語境。 15