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1、2022年高考英語 語法知識匯總 第10章 非謂語動詞二
1.以不定式作賓語的詞:(初中)三個希望兩答應(hope,wish,want,agree,promise)
一個要求莫拒絕(demand,refuse)
設法學會做決定(manage,learn,decide)
不要假裝在選擇(pretend ,choose)
想要干
want, wish, hope, expect, seek, attempt, aim, claim, threaten,would li
2、ke / love, desire, swear long, demand seem intend prefer promise
早打算
plan, prepare, mean, arrange manage
同意否
agree, undertake, offer, choose, refuse, afford
問問看
ask, beg,(ask to do 要求做…)learn
決定了
decide, determine / be determined, make up one's mind dare,
盡力干
try, struggle, strive
3、 help happen chance
別裝蒜
Pretend wait fail hesitate
2.巧記疑問詞接to do 作賓語的常見動詞:
學會忘記是有難處,(learn,forget)
想知道就別來勸告。(wonder,know,advise)
展示討論教人對付(show,discuss,teach)
弄清楚才決定告訴。(find out,decide,tell)
3.巧記即可跟動名詞又可跟不定式的動詞:
一旦開始莫后悔,(begin,star,regret)
愛憎分明莫忘記。(like,love,hate,forget,remember)
繼續(xù)努力有打算
4、,(continue,try,mean)
三個需要更情愿。(need,want,require,prefer)
4巧記后接省略to的不定式的動詞:
一感(feel),二聽(listen to,hear)三讓(let, make,have),四看(look at,see,watch,notice
5.以動名詞作賓語的動詞:
考慮建議慶原諒,(consider,suggest,celebrate,forgive,excuse)
承認介意包括想。(admit,mind,include,imagine,fancy)
避免錯過繼續(xù)練,(avoid,miss,continue,practic
5、e)
否定完成欣賞愛。(deny,finish,appreciate,love,enjoy)
禁止說服遭冒險,(forbid,prohibit,persuade,suffer,endure,stand,risk)
抵制推遲憶逃亡。(resist,postpone,delay,recall,escape)
Object to ,pay attention to,look forward to,get down to
6. 以不定式做賓語補足語的動詞:advise,allow,ask,beg,encourage,get,force,invite,expect,order,permit,
6、persuade,require,want,war,teach,wish
7. 以動名詞作賓補的感官和使役動詞:see,watch,hear,observe,feel,find,have,keep,make.
8. 有些詞即可以以動名詞作賓語又可以以不定式作賓語,并且區(qū)別不大 。
I had seriously considered telling the story.
Surely nobody would suggest turning him out of the house. 當然不會有人建議把他從房子里趕出去。
She celebrate her passing t
7、he exam.
You could forgive my insulting you. 你原諒我對你的侮辱。
第一節(jié)分詞作定語:用現(xiàn)在分詞或過去分詞修飾名詞或代詞。
1. Who is the man standing there.
2.this is the book written by LuXun.
3.look the broken window.
4.That is a sleeping boy.
句子1,現(xiàn)在分詞短語 standing there做man的后置定語;句子2,過去分詞短語written by LuXun 做book的后
8、置定語;
句子3,過去分詞broken 做window 的前置定語;句子4.現(xiàn)在分詞sleeping做名詞boy的前置定語。
規(guī)律一:分詞做定語的位置 分詞短語--后置定語;分詞--前置定語
分詞的作用:相當于定語從句
1. Who is the man that is standing there.
2.this is the book which was written by LuXun.
3.look at the window which is broken .
4.That is the boy who is sleeping.
9、 主動與被動的關系:
主動:分詞與被修飾的名詞是主謂關系
被動:分詞與被修飾的名詞是動賓關系
二、 分詞做定語的時間
Doing (表示任一時間或同時),表示主動,表示進行。如:
The man giving us a talk yesterday.
Who is the man standing there.
The room facing south.
Done (忽略時間或在謂語動詞動作之前)表示已經(jīng)完成,表示被動。
I go to see the man operated on yesterday.(非謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞see之前}
I go t
10、o see the man being operated on now.(非謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞see同時}
I go to see the man to be operated on tomorrow.(非謂語動詞的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞see之后}
分詞做定語總結: 主動:doing (任意時間)
分
詞
做
定
語 done 謂語動詞之前
被動
Being done 謂語動詞同時
11、
分詞的完成式不作定語 To be done謂語動詞之后
第二節(jié) 分詞作狀語
同時
doing (任意時間)現(xiàn)在分詞一般式
主動: 方式原因條件伴隨等
Having done 謂語動詞之前
分
詞
做
狀
語 done 方式
12、原因條件伴隨等
被動
Being done 謂語動詞同時(正在被)
Having been done謂語動詞之前(已經(jīng)被)
例句:Singing and dancing,he came in.
Having finished his homework,he went to bed.
Being built ,the school is in a mass.
Having been told the news.,he went to the hospital.
13、
1. Followed by 6 students ,he came in. ( √ )
2. Being followed by 6 students ,he came in. ( × )
3. Having been followed by 6 students ,he came in. ( × )
Followed表示方式,沒有強調時間的先后,不用說“正在被跟隨”還是“已經(jīng)被跟隨”; done表示方式,原因,條件,伴隨等等,不強調先后順序,而Being done 和having done 在作定語時只表示謂語動詞與非謂語動詞的時間先后。