八年級(jí)英語下冊 Unit 7 International Charities grammar課件1 （新版）牛津版.ppt

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Unit 7 International charities,Passive Voice,n. 傳單, 散頁印刷品,hand out the leaflets,分發(fā), 提出,,,1. About 80 per cent of these cases can be prevented and cured. 2. The plane is also used as a training center. 3. Also, local doctors and nurses are invited on board to learn about eye operations. 4. 150 patients are operated on.,把句子翻譯成中文,被動(dòng)語態(tài),We call the boy Tom.,The boy is called Tom.,Active voice主動(dòng)語態(tài),Passive voice被動(dòng)語態(tài),The lights were turned off by Tom. The windows are cleaned every week. Millie closed the door. The TV was turned on. The boy made a model plane. A total(總數(shù)) of 8 questions were answered.,or,Active,Passive,Passive,Passive,Active,Passive,Active,Passive,語態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種形式，表示的是主語和謂語之間的關(guān)系。英語中的語態(tài)有兩種：主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 當(dāng)主語是謂語的執(zhí)行者時(shí)，用主動(dòng)語態(tài)。當(dāng)主語是謂語的承受者時(shí)，用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如： We clean the classroom every day. 我們每天都打掃教室。 The classroom is cleaned (by us) every day. 教室每天都被(我們)打掃。,被動(dòng)語態(tài)的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)和一般過去時(shí),The cake was eaten by Daniel. 2. Nancy bought a book yesterday. 3. The little dog is looked after very well by Simon. 4. He is reading English. 5. The computer is bought by my uncle. 6. I am woken up by my father every morning.,Underline the passive voice in the following sentences.,,,,,None of the books was taken away.,沒有一本書被拿走。,動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是泛指或者不言自明時(shí)。,被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本用法,The toy is designed for children.,在不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是誰時(shí)。,這款玩具是為孩子們設(shè)計(jì)的。,需要強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者時(shí)。,My bike was repaired.,我的自行車修好了。,The problem was talked about just now.,出于委婉或禮貌而避談動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者時(shí)。,這個(gè)問題剛才被討論過。,Mr Wu is liked by all of his students.,所有的學(xué)生都喜歡吳老師。,在被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句子中, 如果我們需要指出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者, 可以由by引出。,有些動(dòng)詞常用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。如： He was born in Nanjing. 他生于南京。 The mobile phone was made in China. 這部手機(jī)是中國制造的。,注意:,1. Today English _______ all over China. A. teach B. teaches C. is taught D. are taught 2. The meeting _______ two weeks ago. A. hold B. was held C. were held D. is held 3. The thief ________ by the police last night. A. caught B. is caught C. was caught D. were caught,4. The photos _______ when I was young. A. were taken B. was taken C. are taken D. is taken 5. Millie is my best friend. I ___ often ____ to her party. A. is invited B. am invited C. are invited D. was invited 6. Last year Beijing ____ by a big sandstorm. A. is hit B. were hit C. will be hit D. was hit,用動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)填空: English ____________(speak) by many people. The trees _______________(plant) by them last year. That building _________(build) two years ago. This kind of computer ________(make) in China. The games __________(sell) in many shops.,is spoken,were planted,was built,was made,are sold,用所給動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)填空: 1) your room ________ (clean) every day? 2) Our classroom _____________ ( not clean ) yesterday. 3) Both of the two books __________ ( lose) last Sunday. 4) The students ___________ ( ask ) to hand in their homework on time every day. 5) ---When this kind of computer (make) in Hong Kong? --- In 2000.,Is cleaned,wasn’t cleaned,were lost,are asked,was,made,抓關(guān)鍵詞確定時(shí)態(tài)!,are planned to help the poor,What they do every year,1. Charity activities _________________________ (plan/to help the poor).,are handed out to people,Leaflets _______________________ ___________________________ (hand out/to people in the street/ volunteers).,in the street by volunteers,Toys and CDs _____________________ (sell/to raise money).,are sold to raise money,What they did last week,New books _________________________ __________________________________ (send/to children in poor areas/the Class 1, Grade 8 students).,were sent to children in poor,areas by the Class 1, Grade 8 students,Warm clothes __________________________ (collect/for poor people).,were collected for poor people,A charity show _____________________________ (hold/the Students’ Union).,was held by the Students’ Union,Amy and Daniel are talking about charities. Complete their conversation with the words in brackets using the passive voice.,Amy: I’m reading a book about Oxfam. Daniel: Really? Please tell me about it.,Amy: OK. Oxfam ___________ (set up) in the UK in 1942, and the first Oxfam shop __________ (open) in 1948. Now it has about 15,000 shops in all over the world. A lot of things _________ (sell) in Oxfam shops, including books. The money _______ (use) by Oxfam to help poor people.,was set up,was opened,are sold,is used,Daniel: That’s good. There are also some charity projects in China. One of them ________ (call) Project Hope. It __________ (start) in 1989. With its help, millions of poor children all over the country __________ (give) basic education.,is called,was started,were given,Amy: Yea. Many schools __________ (build) in poor areas each year.,are built,Tree Planting Day,,on March 12th,We plant trees.,Trees,,,,are planted,by us.,主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)的句式轉(zhuǎn)換,,1. She held a charity show yesterday.,Students and teachers plant many tress every year.,A charity show was held by her.,2. Many trees are planted by students and teachers every year.,3. I bought a computer last week. A computer was bought by me last week. 4. The whole cake was eaten by Eddie yesterday. Eddie ate the whole cake yesterday.,Attention I.感官動(dòng)詞，使役動(dòng)詞, help —— 不定式前添加 to,a.感官動(dòng)詞 see, hear, etc b.使役動(dòng)詞 let, make, etc c.help help sb (to) do,sb be seen/heard to do sth,sb be let/made to do sth,sb be helped to do sth,The boss made the workers work all day. I often hear her sing in the room. We saw some boys playing football .,The workers were made to work all day.,She is often heard to sing in the room .,Some boys were seen playing football .,II. 雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu) —— 主語為物，添加to/for,He teaches us English. 主語 謂語 間賓 直賓 注意：常把間接賓語(即sb)變?yōu)橹髡Z。 We are taught English (by him). 若把直接賓語(即sth.)變?yōu)楸粍?dòng)句的主語時(shí)，常在保留賓語前加to或for。 English is taught to us (by him).,V.不能用被動(dòng)的情況,vi. 無被動(dòng) happen, cost, die, begin/start(開始), finish(結(jié)束), rise, appear 2. link v. 聯(lián)系動(dòng)詞無被動(dòng) 3. sell well, grow well ,write well 4. take place ,break down, come out .,,IV.短語動(dòng)詞 —— 要完整,The boy __________________. (常受到嘲笑) The children _________________________. (應(yīng)該得到良好的照顧),is often laughed at,should be looked after well,1.A traffic accident ________(happen) yesterday. 2.My watch ______________ (break down) several times so far. 3.What time ____ the meeting _______(begin)? 4.It ______ (cost) 100 yuan. 5.Water the flower soon, or it ________(die).,happened,has broken down,will,begin,costs,will die,The cakes _____________ (eat) just now. The photo ______________ (take) by my mother last weekend. We ______________ (teach) Chinese by Miss Han this term. The cat _____________ (feed) by him before he left. The library ____________ (set) up last year.,were eaten,was taken,are taught,was fed,was set,,They use the plane as a training center. The teachers let us come to school on time every day. Our government built the bridge last year.,The plane is used as a training center by them.,We are let to come to school by the teachers on time every day.,The bridge was built by our government last year.,他的眼睛幾個(gè)月前被治愈了。 每年在山上種許多樹。 許多人被邀請參加這次慈善活動(dòng)。 需要更多的錢來支持這項(xiàng)工作。 在他們的幫助下，這家公司于上周成立了。,His eyes were cured several months ago.,Many trees are planted on the hill every year.,Many people are invited to take part in this charity.,More money is needed to support the work.,With their help, this company was set up last week.,1. Review the contents of this lesson. 2. Finish the exercises in the workbook. 3. Preview the next lesson.,