(全國通用版)2019高考英語三輪沖刺提分練 組合練 第14練 閱讀理解+完形填空+語法填空+短文改錯

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1、閱讀理解+完形填空+語法填空+短文改錯.閱讀理解(2018山西三區(qū)八校二模)Ithasbecomeacertainbeliefamongthepublicdrinkatleasteightglassesofwateradaytoimprovehealthandwellbeing.Bottledwatercompaniesoftenrepeatittoincreasetheirsalesbutitisactuallyasillyidea.Thereisnoevidencetoprovetheadvantagesofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday,scientist

2、ssay.Themisunderstandingiscausedfromthesuggestionthatadultsshoulddrink2.5litersofwaterdaily,whichwasstressedbytheBritishMedicalJournalinDecember.Theimportantpartofthesuggestionisthatmostofthisquantityofwateriscontainedinpreparedfoods,which,however,isusuallyignored.USresearcherswhoreviewedtheevidence

3、concludedthatmostpeopledonotneedtoworryabouttheamountofwatertheydrinkeveryday.Besidesdrinkingwater,theywillbegettingplentyofliquidinotherways.Caffeinateddrinkssuchastea,coffeeandcolaandalcoholcanhelpreachthedailytotaliftheydontdrinktoomuch,thoughthesedrinkshelptheproductionofurine(尿)Lesswellknownare

4、thedangersofdrinkingtoomuchwater,causingwaterpoisoning,lowsaltlevelsandevendeath.ThereviewofresearchbyDanNegoianu,fromtheUniversityofPennsylvania,foundthatnotasinglestudyincludedthesuggestionofdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.Althoughonesmallstudysuggestedthatdrinkingwatercouldresultinfewerheadaches,

5、theresultswerenotveryimportant.However,thebenefitsofdrinkingsomewatertopreventapaininheadafterdrinkingtoomuchalcoholare,separately,provedtobetrue.Nostudiesshowedanyadvantagestothecoloroftheskinbecauseoftheincreasedwatertakenintobodies.Dehydration(脫水)canmakeskinlesspleasant,buttherewasnoclearevidence

6、tosupporttheideathatwaterhelpspeoplekeepayouthfulappearance.Theresearchersalsofoundnoevidencethatdrinkinglotsofwaterdoessomegoodtothebodysorgans.1Fromthepassage,weknowthatthesuggestionaboutdrinkingeightglassesofwateraday.AcausessomeseriousdiseasesBhasenoughscientificevidencetosupportitCismisundersto

7、odbypeopleinfactDwaspublishedbytheBritishMedicalJournal2Fromthepassagewelearnthatmanypeopledontknowthat.AtheproductionofurinecancausewatertoloseBhealthcanbeimprovedbydrinkingplentyofwaterCbetterskincanresultfromtheintakeofmuchwaterDcaffeinateddrinkscanprovidethewaterpeopleneed3Whatcanbeprovedaboutdr

8、inkingalotofwateraccordingtothepassage?AReducingthebadinfluenceofdrinkingalcohol.BHelpingtokeepyouthfullooks.CMakingthebodysorgansstronger.DCausingbadheadaches.4Thewritersmainpurposeofwritingthispassageisto.ApersuadepeopletodrinkdifferentkindsofwaterBtellpeopledrinkingmuchwaterisnotashealthyasiscons

9、ideredCwarnpeopleofthedangerofdrinkingmuchwaterDhelppeoplerealizetheimportanceofdrinkingenoughwatereveryday.完形填空(2018江西新余二模)Overtheyears,thankstomylifesobstacles,Iunderstoodthemeaningoffaithandthestrongwilltosurvive.ItwasHurricaneIkethatmademefully5thebeautyofourstrengthandahumansmotivationto6.Momha

10、datwoweek7insummer.WhileweenjoyedourholidayinSoutheastTexas,wedidntrealizethefactthatIke8causemonthsandlikelyyearsof“l(fā)abor”BySeptember7th,the“eyesofTexas”werewatchingHurricaneIkemore9,makingthetypicalmadrushforlastminutehurricane10.Twodayslater,bothoilandicewerein11demand.IntheearlyhoursofSeptember1

11、1th,someneighborswereplanningto12thestormintheirhomes,13othersweremakingfinalpreparationstogetaway.Atfirst,wedecidedtostay.Butthatafternoon,theHoustonGalvestonareawouldbeonthemore14sideofthestorm.MomandIpackedsomeofourmost15belongingsinthecarand16theEastTexastownofLufkin.AsIkepushedfartherinland,we1

12、7powerinLufkin.OnSunday,ournextdoorneighbortoldusviacellphonethatour18hadremainedwell.Ourhopescouldnothavebeen19.Butafewhourslater,theneighborsreportedthatourbrickchimneyhad20,anditwassittingonourlivingroom,21aholeintheroofbetweentwoskylights(天窗)Wewouldntbeallowedtoreturnhome22September17th.Iclimbed

13、upstairs,andlookedtowardtheholeintheroofwhichshowedabeautifulbluesky.Withouthesitation,Ishouted,“Wow! Athirdskylight!”MyneighborscouldnotbelieveIwasmakingjokes23crying,but24isalwaysgoodmedicine.ItwaswiththatjokethatIknew,giventime,everythingwouldbeokay.5A.observeBexploreCappreciateDimprove6A.recover

14、BapologizeCworkDchange7A.meetingBjourneyCscheduleDvacation8A.mustBmightCwouldDshould9A.closelyBconstantlyCwarninglyDdifferently10A.adventureBsuppliesCequipmentDreports11A.basicBpureCneatDhigh12A.putawayBgetthroughCtestoutDsufferfrom13A.sinceBwhenCwhileDuntil14A.awesomeBabundantCpeacefulDdangerous15A

15、.preciousBconcreteCavailableDpotential16A.setoutBheadedforCsettleddownDwatchedout17A.lostBreducedCproducedDprovided18A.gardenBpoolChouseDyard19A.clearerBhigherClowerDwilder20A.passedBstoodCfollowedDgone21A.diggingBfillingCleavingDkicking22A.byBbeforeCafterDuntil23A.inspiteofBinsteadofCapartfromDinte

16、rmsof24A.laughterBwillCstrengthDfaith.語法填空Doyouknow25.astorygetsintothenewspaper?Hereisanexample.Imaginethatacitybushasturnedoverinaditch,injuringsomeofthepassengers.Aneyewitnesscallsthenewspaper.Thenareporterissenttothescene,at26.hetalkstopassengers,driverandwitnesses.Hefindsoutwhattheysaw,27.(set)

17、 downtheiranswersorcomments.Meanwhile,a28.(profession) photographerisbusytakingpictures.Manyreportersuseportablecomputerswhichallowthem29.(write) thestoryonthespotandthensenditbacktotheoffice.Next,aneditorconcentrates30.thestory,checkingfacts,grammarandspelling.Atthesametime,apictureischosen.Thestor

18、yissetinprint.Onmostnewspaperstoday,this31.(do) withacomputer.Thecomputermakessetsofcolumnsoftype,whicharepassedontoasheetofpaper32.(exact) thesamesizeasanewspaperpage.Onlyafteraproofreaderchecksthestoryformistakes33.(be) thenewspaperreadyforprinting.Thenthepresses(印刷機) begintorun.Milesofpaperaretur

19、nedintothousandsof34.(print) newspapers.Theyarecountedandplacedinwaitingtrucks.Withinafewhours,peoplecanreadaboutthebusaccidentintheirdailynewspaper.短文改錯(2018四川南充一診)Theenvironmentpollutionwasmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown,someanimalsdis

20、appear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmokeintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeengreataffectedbyair,noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasescausingbypollution.Inordertolivethebetterlife,itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle,reduceandreusethings,whatsavesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingssolongaspo

21、ssible.Dontuseplasticbag.Besides,wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingitdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.答案解析.語篇解讀本文介紹了一項新的研究結果:人們“每天喝八杯水來保持健康”是一種誤導性的認識,沒有證據(jù)表明“每天喝八杯水”有什么好處,相反飲水過多會導致水中毒、低鹽甚至死亡。1C細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句“There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of

22、 water a day,scientists say.”科學家說沒有證據(jù)來證明“每天喝八杯水”的好處,可知選C。2D細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Besides drinking water,they will be getting plenty of liquid in other ways.Caffeinated drinks such as tea,coffee and cola and alcohol can help reach the daily total.”除了喝水,他們還能用很多其他方式得到大量的液體,諸如茶、咖啡、可樂及酒等含咖啡因的飲料能幫助人們達到日常所需的總量可知選D

23、。3A細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句“However,the benefits of drinking some water to prevent a pain in head after drinking too much alcohol are,separately,proved to be true.”可知,飲酒過多之后喝一些水可以防止頭疼卻被證明是真的。故答案為A。4B主旨大意題。本文在第一段點出主題:“Bottled water companies often repeat it to increase their sales but it is actually a silly

24、 idea.There is no evidence to prove the advantages of drinking eight glasses of water a day,scientists say.”,下文進行了具體的介紹。故選B。.語篇解讀作者通過講述颶風Ike來臨前人們的準備和颶風走后的情況,告訴讀者笑是一劑良藥。給點兒時間,一切都會變好的。5C從上文的“Over the years,thanks to my lifes obstacles(障礙)”,可知,是颶風Ike讓我充分領略了我們的力量之美和人類恢復的動力。observe觀察;explore 探索;appreciat

25、e欣賞,感激;improve提高。故選C。6A颶風之后,人們會盡量恢復。recover恢復;apologize道歉;work工作;change改變。故選A。7D根據(jù)下句“While we enjoyed our holiday”可知,夏天媽媽有兩個星期的假期。meeting會議;journey旅行;schedule時刻表;vacation假期。故選D。8C我們在德克薩斯東南部度假的時候,我們沒有意識到Ike將會導致幾個月可能幾年的勞動。must必須;might可能;would將會;should應該。故選C。9A“eyes of Texas”更密切地觀察颶風Ike。closely密切地;cons

26、tantly連續(xù)地;warningly警告地;differently不同地。故選A。10B從下一句中的“Two days later,both oil and ice were in demand.”可知,人們?yōu)榈钟Z風在做典型的最后一分鐘瘋狂購買供應品。adventure冒險;supply供給;equipment設備;report報告。故選B。11D根據(jù)上一句中的關鍵詞mad rush for可知人們的購買程度。所以兩天后,油和冰都需求量很高。basic基本的;pure純的;neat整潔的;high高的。故選D。12B根據(jù)題后的“the storm in their homes”可知,一些鄰

27、居計劃在家里度過風暴。put away收好,儲存;get through接通,度過;test out檢驗;suffer from遭受。故選B。13C根據(jù)上文中的some neighbors和該空后的others可知,此處是兩種人的不同做法。since自從;when當時候;while然而;until 直到。然而,其他的人在做最后的準備離開,這里表示對比,故選C。14D根據(jù)上文的“At first,we decided to stay.”以及表示轉(zhuǎn)折意義的but可知HoustonGalveston地區(qū)將處于風暴的更危險的地帶。awesome可怕的;abundant大量的;peaceful寧靜的;

28、dangerous危險的。故選D。15A根據(jù)常識可知:危難關頭肯定只帶貴重物品,所以,媽媽和我收拾了一些最重要的物品。precious珍貴的;concrete具體的;available可獲得的;potential有潛力的。故選A。16B句意為:前往德克薩斯州東邊的Lufkin小鎮(zhèn)。set out出發(fā);head for前往;settle down定居下來;watch out當心。故選B。17Alose失去;reduce減少;produce制作;provide提供。隨著Ike深入內(nèi)陸,我們在Lufkin時停電了,故選A。18Cgarden花園;pool水池;house房子;yard院子。星期天,我

29、們的隔壁鄰居通過電話告訴我們,我們的房子還在。故選C。19Bclearer更清楚;higher更高的;lower更低的;wilder更野蠻的。我們不會期望更高了,故選B。20Dpass通過;stand站;follow跟隨;go消失。幾小時后,鄰居通知我們的煙囪沒有了,故選D。21Cdig挖;fill填滿;leave離開,遺留;kick踢。在兩個天窗之間留了一個洞,故選C。22Dby通過;before在前面;after在后面;until直到。我們到9月17號才被允許回家。故選D。23Bin spite of雖然;instead of代替,而不是;apart from除了;in terms of依

30、據(jù),就而言。我的鄰居簡單不敢相信我是在開玩笑而不是在哭。故選B。24Alaughter笑聲;will 意志;strength力量;faith信念。從上文作者的玩笑可知,面對災難作者沒有哭泣而是笑對人生。故選A。.語篇解讀本文是一篇說明文。文章主要介紹了發(fā)生在現(xiàn)實生活中的事情是怎樣經(jīng)過一步步的程序,最終刊登在報紙上的。25how考查賓語從句的引導詞。句意為:你知道新聞是怎樣刊登在報紙上的嗎?分析句子結構可知,動詞know后面的從句是賓語從句;從句中主謂賓俱全,但是根據(jù)句意和下文故事見報的過程可知,該句缺少方式狀語,表示“怎樣”應用how。故填how。26which考查定語從句的引導詞。分析句子結

31、構可知,此處是“介詞關系代詞”引導的定語從句,修飾先行詞the scene。關系代詞在從句中作賓語。故填which。27setting考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知,句中已有謂語動詞finds out,因此此處為非謂語動詞;又因動詞短語set down與其邏輯主語he之間是主謂關系,且其動作發(fā)生的時間與句子謂語finds out發(fā)生的時間幾乎同時,因此用現(xiàn)在分詞的一般式作狀語。故填setting。28professional考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處修飾名詞photographer,需用形容詞。故填professional。29towrite考查非謂語動詞。allow sb. to do sth.允

32、許某人做某事,是固定用法。故填towrite。30on考查介詞。concentrate on專心于,集中精力在,是固定搭配。故填on。31isdone考查動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)及主謂一致。此處敘述報紙的印刷過程,應用一般現(xiàn)在時;又因動詞do和主語this之間是動賓關系,因此需用被動語態(tài);再由于this是單數(shù)第三人稱,所以be動詞應用is。故填is done。32exactly考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。分析句子成分可知,所填詞在句中作狀語,應用副詞形式。故填exactly。33is考查動詞時態(tài)及主謂一致。“Only狀語”位于句首時,句子需用部分倒裝;由此可知,所填詞為句子的謂語。根據(jù)“checks”可知,此處需用

33、一般現(xiàn)在時,且主語the newspaper為單數(shù)第三人稱。故填is。34printed考查非謂語動詞。分析句子成分可知,此處為非謂語動詞作定語修飾newspapers;又因print與newspapers之間是邏輯上的動賓關系,因此需用過去分詞。故填printed。.Theenvironmentpollutionmoreandmoreserioustoday.Wehavenocleanwatertodrinkitbecauseofwaterpollution.Andwhentreescutdown,someanimalsdisappear.Thereismoreandmoredirtysmo

34、keintheair.Peopleshealthhasbeenaffectedbyair,noiseandwaterpollution.Manypeoplehavediedofdiseasesbypollution.Inordertolivebetterlife,itstimeforustoprotectourworld.Weshouldrecycle,reduceandreusethings,savesmoneyandreducespollution.Usethingslongaspossible.Dontuseplastic.Besides,wemustplantmoretreesandstoppeoplecuttingdown.Wehopeourworldwillbemoreandmorebeautiful.10

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