高中英語復(fù)習(xí) Unit 4 A healthy life課件 新人教版選修6.ppt

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1、Unit 4,Global warming,知識清單,知識歸納,1. _ n. 數(shù)量 2. _ n. 資料; 數(shù)據(jù) 3. _ vt. 反對; 反抗 4. _ n. 趨勢; 傾向; 走向 5. _ vt. 陳述 n. 狀態(tài), 國家 6. _ n. 變化范圍 v. 涉及 7. _ adj. 平穩(wěn)的; 持續(xù)的,quantity,data,oppose,trend,state,(一) 基本單詞,range,steady,8. _ n. 標(biāo)題; 名稱; 頭銜 9. _ n. 圖表; 曲線圖 10. _ adj. 分布廣的,title,graph,widespread,11. _ vt. 使恢復(fù); 使振作

2、 12. _ v. 趨向; 照顧; 護(hù)理 13. famine n. _ 14. renewable adj. _ 15. phenomenon n. _,refresh,tend,饑荒,可更新的; 能再生的,現(xiàn)象,16. consequence n. _ 17. catastrophe n. _ 18. individual n. 后來,大災(zāi)難; 浩劫,個人; 個體,提倡; 主張; 擁護(hù),消費; 吃完,1. _ vt. 陳述(正式) n. 國家; 狀態(tài); 州 adj. 國立的 _ n.說明, 陳述 _ adj. 宏大的; 優(yōu)雅從容的 _ 搭配 處于狀態(tài),in a . state / in a

3、 state of .,statement,stately,state,(二) 派生單詞,2. _ vt. 使恢復(fù); 使振作 _ adj. 使人振作的 _ adj. 振作的; 精神的 _ n. (精力)恢復(fù); 點心,refreshment,refreshing,refreshed,refresh,3. _ vi. 趨向; 易于; 照顧 vt. 照顧; 護(hù)理 _ n. 傾向; 趨勢,tendency,tend,1. pare.to _ 2. e about _ 3. result in _ 4. be opposed to _ 5. on behalf of _ 6. put up with _

4、,把比作,出現(xiàn); 發(fā)生,導(dǎo)致,反對,代表; 作的代言人,忍受; 容忍,(三) 短語,7. build up _ 8. 堅持; 持續(xù) _ 9. 大體上; 基本上 _ 10. 只要 _ 11. 如此; 等等 _ 12. 有意義; 有差別 _,make a difference,鍛煉; 健身; 增強,keep on,so long as,and so on,on the whole,核心要點,【拓展】 consumer n. 消費者, 顧客,1. consume vt. 消費; 消耗(時間、能源或燃料 等); 耗盡; 吃完; 毀滅, 燒毀 【教材原句】 Make a list of the thin

5、gs that consume energy in your home, school, or any other places you can think of. 把在你家中、學(xué)校里或在你能想到的其他 任何地方里消耗能源的物品列個清單。,(一)單詞,2. quantity n. 數(shù)量 【教材原句】 The problem begins when we add huge quantities of extra carbon dioxide into the atmosphere. 當(dāng)我們在大氣層中增加了大量額外的二氧化碳時, 問題就來了。,【歸納】 a quantity of 修飾可數(shù)名詞或不

6、可數(shù)名詞 a large quantity of + n. 許多(作主語, 謂語用單數(shù)) large quantities of + n. 許多(作主語, 謂語用復(fù)數(shù)) in quantity 大量地,3. tend vi. 趨向; 易于; 照顧 vt. 照顧; 護(hù)理 【教材原句】 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing the global temperature to go up. 這就意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中,從而引起全球溫度上升。,【歸納】 tend to do st

7、h. 常常會做某事, 往往會做某事 tend to/toward sth. 趨向, 傾向 tend to sb. /sth.(=look after) 照顧, 照料 【拓展】 tendency n. 傾向、趨勢, 其后多跟動 詞不定式,用tend的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1) My mother _ to get fat as she grows older. 2) Johnson was outside _ the garden when the fire broke out. 3) The drug is effective but has a _ to cause headaches.,tend

8、s,tending,tendency,4. oppose vt. 反對; 反抗; 與(某人)較量 【教材原句】 On the other hand, there are those, like George Hambley, who are opposed to this view and believe that we should not worry about high levels of carbon dioxide in the air. 另一方面, 還有一些人, 像科學(xué)家喬治漢布利, 反對上面的觀點,他們認(rèn)為我們不必?fù)?dān)心空氣中會有高含量的二氧化碳。,【歸納】 oppose (doi

9、ng) sth. 反對(強調(diào)動作) be opposed to 反對(強調(diào)狀態(tài)) 【拓展】 opposed adj. 強烈反對(常用搭配: be opposed to sth.); 截然不同,根據(jù)漢語意思補全下列句子。 1) 他反對修建新禮堂的計劃。 He _ to build a new hall. 2) 我當(dāng)然反對改變這個體系。 I would certainly _ the system. 3) 她好像很反對你出國。 She seems very much _ your going abroad.,opposed the plan,oppose changing,opposed to,5

10、. consequence n. 結(jié)果, 后果, 影響 【教材原句】 They predict that any warming will be mild with few bad environment consequences. 他們預(yù)言說, 變暖的情況不會很嚴(yán)重, 對環(huán)境的影響也不會太壞。,【歸納】 consequence n. 結(jié)果, 后果 face/ suffer / take the consequences (of sth.) 承擔(dān)(的)后果 in consequence of = as a consequence of 由于的緣故, 作為的結(jié)果 【拓展】 consequence

11、 n. 重要(性) of little / no / any consequence 無關(guān)緊要, 無足輕重,翻譯下列句子。 1) 你做了錯誤決定，現(xiàn)在必須承擔(dān)后果。 You made the wrong decision, and now you must take / suffer / face the consequences. 2) 別擔(dān)心，這無關(guān)緊要。 Dont worry. It is of no / little / any consequence.,6. range n. 一組，一系列; 范圍；山脈 v. （在一定的范圍內(nèi)）變動，變化 【教材原句】 It will make pl

12、ants grow quicker; crops will produce more; it will encourage a greater range of animals - all of which will make life for human beings better. 它使植物成長更快, 莊稼產(chǎn)量更高, 還會促進(jìn)動物的生長-所有這些都能改善人類的生活。,【歸納】 a range of 一系列, 一套(同類) range between A and B 在A和B之間變化或變動 range from A to B 從A延伸到B; 從A到B不等,翻譯下列句子。 1) The new

13、 model es in a full range of colours. 2) Theres a wide range of ability in the class. 3) Prices range between 7 dollars and 10 dollars. 4) His interests ranged from chess to skating.,這種新式樣有各種顏色。,這個班的水平差距很大。,價格在7美元到10美元之間。,他的愛好從下國際象棋到滑冰, 范圍很廣。,【歸納】 in/under the circumstances 在此種情況下 in/under no circum

14、stances 決不，無論如何都不,7. circumstance n. 環(huán)境; 情況 【教材原句】 Recycle cans, bottles, plastic bags and newspapers if circumstances allow you to. 如果情況允許的話, 把罐頭盒、瓶子、塑 料袋和報紙回收利用起來。,【辨析】circumstance/environment/surrounding circumstance常用復(fù)數(shù), 指和某行動或某件事有關(guān)的客觀環(huán)境和條件, 如時間、地點等； environment一般用單數(shù), 不用復(fù)數(shù), 指某人或某物周圍的, 并對人或物有影響的環(huán)

15、境、條件, 可以指精神的 (如注重道德的環(huán)境), 也可指物質(zhì)的 (如工作環(huán)境), 還可以指自然環(huán)境 (如空氣、水、土等), 或指人為的環(huán)境條件 (如經(jīng)濟環(huán)境)； surrounding只用復(fù)數(shù), 指某人周圍的事物或環(huán)境, 這些事物與環(huán)境對他的思想、感情、修養(yǎng)有一定影響。,【歸納】 glance作動詞: glance at / around 匆匆一看，掃視 glance at / down / over / through 瀏覽，粗 略地看 glance作名詞: have / take a quick glance at 匆匆看一眼 at a glance 看一眼, 立刻 at first gl

16、ance 乍一看,8. glance vi. 看一下；掃視 n. 一瞥,根據(jù)括號內(nèi)的漢語提示補全下列句子。 1) I _ (略略環(huán)視一下房間) before I left. 2) _ _ (乍一看，這些畫不怎么樣), but on closer examination youll find they are not bad at all. 3) Mr. Smith _ (大致看了一下名單) and said nothing. 4) _ (他一眼就能看出) what was wrong with the car.,glanced round the room,At first glance, t

17、hese paintings dont look,glanced down the list of names,He could tell at a glance,good,9. average adj. 平均的,【教材原句】 The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15 . 溫室效應(yīng)使得地球表面的平均氣溫達(dá)到了15。,【拓展】 average作名詞時，意為：平均數(shù)；平均水平（ 常用短語：on average 平均；above / below average高于/低于平均水平）。如： E

18、ach person raised an average of 60 to plant an acre of trees. On average, people who dont smoke are healthier than people who do. Temperatures are above / below average for the time of year.,average作動詞時，意為“平均為”。如： Drivers in London can expect to average about 12 miles per hour.,1. e about 發(fā)生; 造成 不及物

19、短語 【教材原句】 So how has this e about and does it matter? 那么這種溫度的增長是怎么產(chǎn)生的 呢？會產(chǎn)生什么影響呢？,(二)短語,【拓展】 e across (偶然)遇見(或發(fā)現(xiàn)) e from 出身于; 來自 e out 出版; 發(fā)行; 結(jié)果是 e up 上來; 上升; 抬頭 e to 來到; 共計; 達(dá)到 e true 變成現(xiàn)實; 成為事實,2. go up 上升; 增長; 升起 【教材原句】 It means that more heat energy tends to be trapped in the atmosphere causing

20、 the global temperature to go up. 這就意味著更多的熱量被困在大氣層中, 從而引起全球溫度上升。,go up表示升高, 主語常為pressure, temperature等。 e.g. Overnight the temperature went up as high as 30. 表示攀升, 攀爬對象常為stairs, ladder, hill, wall, tree等。 e.g. Since the old lady fell, shes been unable to go up steps.,表示增長, 主語常為prices, expenses, the

21、cost of living等。 e.g. The price of oil is going up again. Why doesnt the government do something about it? 表示被建造, 主語常為buildings, schools, hospitals等。 e.g. New office buildings are going up every- where. 【拓展】 go up to 上升到 go up by 上升了,3. result in 引起; 導(dǎo)致; 造成 【教材原句】 They also agree that it is the burn

22、ing of more and more fossil fuels that has resulted in this increase in carbon dioxide. 他們還贊同下述觀點, 正是由于越來 越多燃燒化石燃料導(dǎo)致了二氧化碳的 增加。,【拓展】 result from. 由造成; 因而產(chǎn)生 as a result of. 由于的結(jié)果 as a result 結(jié)果 without result 沒有結(jié)果; 白費,4. even if/though . 即使, 盡管 【教材原句】 Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dio

23、xide and other greenhouse gases, the climate is going to keep on warming for decades or centuries. 即使我們開始減少二氧化碳和其他溫室氣體的含量, 在(未來)幾十年或幾個世紀(jì)內(nèi), 氣候仍會持續(xù)轉(zhuǎn)暖。,even if/though用來引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從 句。注意：主句不能再用but。 【拓展】 even if = even though as if = as though 似乎, 好像 even so 即使如此, 雖然如此,請用even if/though, as if/though或even so填空

24、。 1) He was in great trouble, but he acted _ nothing had happened. 2) I had a terrible headache, but _ I went to school. 3) _ you take a taxi, youll still miss your train.,as if / though,even so,Even if / though,keep on (doing sth.) 繼續(xù); 不斷(做), 反復(fù)(做),【用法】 1) keep on doing sth. 可能有間斷, 強調(diào) “反復(fù)”和“決心”, 而且

25、常常附加感情 色彩。 2) 與sitting, standing, lying, sleeping等 靜態(tài)的動詞連用時, 只能用keep doing。,5. on the whole 總的說來; 大體上; 基本上 【教材原句】 On the whole the warming of the earth is a phenomenon that causes great concern. 總體上來說, 全球氣候變暖是一種引 起廣泛關(guān)注的現(xiàn)象。,【辨析】whole/all whole作形容詞時, 可意為“所有的, 完整 的”。 它與all的區(qū)別是, all通常用在冠詞、所 有格、物主代詞或其他限定

26、詞之前, 而 whole通常位于它們的后面。如：all the world, the whole world。,6. on behalf of 代表一方; 作為的代言人 【教材原句】 I am doing a project on behalf of my school about global warming. 我正代表學(xué)校做一項關(guān)于全球變暖的 課題研究。,【用法】 也可以表達(dá)為on ones behalf,7. put up with 忍受, 容忍 【教材原句】 We do not have to put up with pollution. 我們不必去忍受污染。,【聯(lián)想】 put up

27、with = stand, bear, tolerate,8. so long as = as long as 只要 【教材原句】 It is OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it - if not, turn it off! 在用電器設(shè)備時你可以讓它開著, 如 果不用就把它關(guān)掉。,【歸納】 as long asso long as只要, 引導(dǎo)條件狀 語從句。 as long as也可以指時間、長度, 意為: 長達(dá); 與一樣長; 與一樣久。,1. There is no doubt that the

28、 earth is being warmer and that it is human activity that has caused this global warming rather than a random but natural phenomenon. 毫無疑問, 地球是在變暖, 而地球變暖正是人類活動導(dǎo)致而成的, 并非是一種無規(guī)律的自然現(xiàn)象。,(三)句式,“There is no doubt that . ”句式表示“毫無疑問”。句型使用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)，that引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句作doubt的同位語。,2. It was a scientist called Charles Keel

29、ing, who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997. 有一位名叫查爾斯基林的科學(xué)家曾經(jīng)把1957到1977年期間大氣層中二氧化碳的含量作了精確的統(tǒng)計。 “It was . who .”句式表示強調(diào)。去掉該成分不影響句子意思的表達(dá), 連接詞who沒有實際意思。,(四)語法,“it”的用法（二） it在強調(diào)句型中的用法 1. it用在強調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，可以對句子中除謂語動詞以外的成分加以強調(diào)。強調(diào)句型的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是It is / was +被強調(diào)成分+

30、that / who+句子的其余部分, 被強調(diào)部分指人時， 用who（強調(diào)賓語用whom）或that，指事物時用that。,e.g. It is the newspaper that provides David with money for the research. It was Mr. Black that / who gave Mike this ticket last week. It was your sister that / whom Nancy saw in France last month. It was on Monday night that all of this

31、happened. It was on the bus that I had my cellphone stolen.,2. 強調(diào)句型的一般疑問句形式是：Is / Was it+被強調(diào)部分+that / who+句子的其余部分。 e.g. Was it on the coast that lots of people disappeared? Is it Mrs. Smith that / who teaches your math?,3. 強調(diào)句型的特殊疑問句形式是：疑問詞 + is / was it that +句子的其余部分。 e.g. Why is it that everyone t

32、hinks he is selfish? What is it that your daughter is most interested in?,4. not . until句型的強調(diào)句的形式是：It is / was not until+被強調(diào)部分+that+句子的其余部分。 e.g. It is not until I finish my homework that I can go out and play. It was not until I saw Jennifer next morning that I felt happy.,將下面句子改寫為強調(diào)句（對畫線部分內(nèi)容進(jìn) 行強調(diào)）

33、。 1. He bought a new coat for me. _ 2. The Prime Minister is visiting Japan at the moment. _ _ 3. The first attack started just after midnight. _ _,It was a new coat that he bought for me.,It is The Prime Minister who is visiting Japan at the moment.,It was just after midnight that the first attack

34、started.,4. Wendy had hidden the box under her bed. _ _ 5. The telephone rang when she was about to go to bed. _ _ 6. I did not realize what had happened until the next day _ _,It was under her bed that Wendy had hidden the box.,It was when she was about to go to bed that the telephone rang.,It was

35、not until the next day that I realized what had happened.,(五)寫作,如何寫英文海報 【寫作任務(wù)】 假設(shè)本月是你校的環(huán)境保護(hù)月。請你代表英語俱樂部制作一份英文海報，倡導(dǎo)低碳生活，并結(jié)合生活實際就保護(hù)環(huán)境提出至少5條倡議。 注意：詞數(shù)不限。 _ _ _ _,【寫作指導(dǎo)】 海報是人們在日常生活中經(jīng)常使用的一種張貼形式的應(yīng)用文。 海報的基本結(jié)構(gòu)及要求： 標(biāo)題：用簡潔、引人注目的語言概括要宣傳的主要內(nèi)容。也可以直接用號召性的語句，還可以添加副標(biāo)題，對海報的內(nèi)容加以說明。 正文：力求簡明扼要，同時活動的性質(zhì)、主辦單位、時間、地點等內(nèi)容也要交代清楚

36、。 結(jié)尾：要寫明發(fā)布者名稱和日期（也可省去），名稱通常寫在海報的右下角，發(fā)布日期通常放在最后一行。,2. 海報的語言及版面特點： 語言特點：海報屬于廣告，要求用最短的文字包含最多的信息，多用省略句、縮略語及類似的簡潔生動的語言。 版面特點：海報常配有圖畫來增加吸引力，重要信息常被分行突出，并且在其前面加上粗點、星號等表示強調(diào)。,【參考范文】 Time to Live a Low Carbon Life! Our earth is getting warmer; the sea levels are getting higher; the environment is getting worse

37、! Can we help to stop all these problems? Of course! Live a low carbon life! Here are some hot tips for you: Drive less and take a bus if possible. Cycle or walk to school. Bring a cloth bag when shopping; do not use plastic ones.,Plant more trees to help absorb carbon dioxide. Replace paper handker

38、chiefs with cloth ones. Turn off the electricity after using it. Always remember: your contribution counts! English Club,高考鏈接,1. (2013遼寧改編) _ behalf of everyone here, I wish you a pleasant journey back to your country. 答案：On 句意：我代表這里的每一個人, 祝您回國 旅途愉快。 on behalf of 代表,2. (2010湖北改編)This restaurant has

39、bee popular for its wide range _ foods that suit all tastes and pockets. 答案：of 句意：這家餐館出名是由于它的各種各樣的食物適應(yīng)各種口味和消費類型的人群。a range of強調(diào)一個系列, 而a wide range of意為“各種各樣的”, 正好符合題意。,3. (2011新課標(biāo)卷改編) I can put _ with the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. 答案：up 句意: 屋子里凌亂些我受得了, 我恨的是屋子里不干凈。 put up wi

40、th 容忍; 忍受,4. (2012江蘇改編) Ones life has value _ long as one brings value to the life of others. 答案：as/so as/so long as“只要”，用于引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。 句意：一個人的生命，只要它給別人的生活帶來價值，就有價值。one brings value to the life of others和ones life has value之間為條件與結(jié)果的關(guān)系。,5. (2016天津）You are waiting at a wrong place. It is at the hotel _ t

41、he coach picks up tourists. A. who B. which C. where D. that 6.（2015湖南）It was when we were returning home _ I realized what a good feeling it was to have helped someone in trouble. A. which B. that C. where D. how,D,B,7.（2015重慶）Bach died in 1750, but it was not until the early 19th century _ his mus

42、ical gift was fully recognized. A. while B. though C. that D. after,C,鞏固練習(xí),I. 用括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式填空。 1. The chemicals have been identified as a source of _ (pollute). 2. The panys exports have grown _ (steady) in recent years. 3. The very _ (exist) of the museum is threatened by lack of funding. 4. The drug

43、 is effective but has a(n) _ (tend) to cause headaches. 5. As a music _ (educate), I taught in our city schools for many years.,pollution,steadily,existence,tendency,educator,6. Many people are _ (oppose) to the plan of building a motorway through the village. 7. This invention made a major _ (contr

44、ibute) to road safety. 8. Our pany has a(n) _ (mit) to quality and customer service.,opposed,contribution,mitment,1. The citys police chief says they arrest, _, 300 people each day. 2. Are you going to _ the opera this season? 3. I dont know how he _ their constant plaining.,II. 選用方框內(nèi)合適的短語并用其正確形式填 空

45、（每個短語限用一次）。,on average,puts up with,e about, even if, go up, on average, on the whole, on behalf of, put up with, result in, so long as, subscribe to,subscribe to,e about, even if, go up, on average, on the whole, on behalf of, put up with, result in, so long as, subscribe to,4. The accident _ the d

46、eath of two passengers yesterday. 5. Hes determined to prove his innocence, _ he has to go to the highest court in the land. 6. You may use the room as you like _ you clean it up afterwards.,resulted in,so long as,even if,7. Many a quarrel _ through a misunderstanding. 8. Mr. Knight cannot be here,

47、so his wife will accept the prize _ him. 9. Your friends have arrived why dont you _ and say hello? 10. _ were happy living here, but it is a long way away from my parents home.,es about,on behalf of,e about, even if, go up, on average, on the whole, on behalf of, put up with, result in, so long as,

48、 subscribe to,go up,On the whole,III. 用強調(diào)句式翻譯下面句子。 1. 我是在去年通過駕照考試的。 2. 打碎花瓶的人是你嗎？ 3. 直到她到家后她才想起約了看醫(yī)生。,It was last year that I passed my driving test.,Was it you who / that broke the vase?,It wasnt until she had arrived home that she remembered her appointment with the doctor.,4. 昨天的午飯是湯姆做的，對吧？ 5. 我丟

49、了鑰匙是因為我的粗心大意。,It was Tom who / that cooked lunch yesterday, wasnt it?,It was because of my carelessness that I lost my keys.,閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容 （1個單詞）或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 The excess (超額的) carbon dioxide in the atmosphere 1. _ (create) a greener planet, a new NASA study shows. All told, carbon emissions (排放)

50、 have fueled greening in an area about twice 2. _ size of the continental United States between 1982 and 2009.,has created,the,Green leafy plants make up 32 percent of Earths surface area. All of those plants use carbon dioxide and sunlight 3. _ (make) sugars grow a process called photosynthesis (光合

51、作用). Past studies have shown that carbon dioxide increases plant growth by 4. _ (increase) the rate of photosynthesis.,to make,increasing,However, 5. _ wasnt clear whether the greening seen in satellite data over recent years could be explained by the sky-high CO2 concentrations in the atmosphere th

52、e 6. _ (high) the planet has seen in 500,000 years. After all, rainfall, sunlight, nitrogen in the soil and land-use changes also affect 7. _ well plants grow.,it,highest,how,To find out the causes of planetary greening, 8. _ (research) from around the world analyzed satellite data and concluded tha

53、t 9. _ (approximate) 70 percent of the greening could be caused by atmospheric carbon dioxide concentrations. While green shoots may be good, excess CO2 emissions also bring quantities 10. _ more worrisome consequences, such as global warming, melting glaciers, rising sea levels and more dangerous weather. Whats more, the greening may be a temporary change.,researchers,approximately,of,