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1、專題十被動語態(tài),2019 全新版,分析廣東近6年中考真題可知，被動語態(tài)是必考點之一(共12.5分)，主要在單項填空中考查三種時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)：一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)(2015年)、一般過去時的被動語態(tài)(2018年，2017年，2016年，2013年)和一般將來時的被動語態(tài)(2014年)；在短文填空中考查盲填(2018年，2014年)。,考點精講,易錯盤點,解題技巧,試題精練,1. 概述 英語中有兩種語態(tài)：主動語態(tài)和被動語態(tài)。主動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者，被動語態(tài)表示主語是動作的承受者。一般說來，只有及物動詞才有被動語態(tài)。如：,考點精講,考點 被動語態(tài)的基礎知識【該部分內容在中考題中雖然不會直接考
2、查，但也需要了解】,Tom broke the window. 湯姆打碎了窗戶。(主動語態(tài)) The window was broken. 這扇窗戶被打碎了。(被動語態(tài)) 2. 構成 被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞”構成。被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過去分詞形式不變。疑問式和否定式的變化也是如此。,3. 用法 在被動語態(tài)中，主語是動作的承受者，主要用于以下幾種情況： (1)不知道動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 如： The building was built ten years ago. 這座建筑物是十年前建造的。 (2)沒有必要指出動作的執(zhí)行者是誰。 如： These flowers
3、 are watered every day. 這些花每天都被澆水。 (3)動作的發(fā)出者不是人。 如： Many houses were washed away by the flood. 許多房屋被洪水沖走了。,(4)需要強調或突出動作的承受者時，用“by動作執(zhí)行者”。 如： Chinese is spoken by more and more people in the world. 世界上越來越多的人在說漢語。 (5)做客觀說明時，常采用被動語態(tài)句型：It is/was said/reportedthat.“據(jù)說/據(jù)報道”。如： Its reported that about three
4、 hundred people were killed in this earthquake. 據(jù)報道，在這次地震中差不多有三百人遇難。,4. 主動形式表被動意義： (1)系動詞如 look, sound, smell, taste等用主動形式表被動含義。如： The fish tastes very good. 魚肉嘗起來很好吃。 (2)一些動詞，如read, write, drive, sell, open, eat, drink等作不及物動詞且常和一些修飾語連用，表示主語的某種屬性特征，這些動詞用主動形式。如： The computer sells well. 這種電腦賣得很好。 The
5、 sweater washes easily. 這件毛衣很容易洗。,(3)在某些固定搭配中，現(xiàn)在分詞形式也可表被動意義。 be worth doing中，doing表示被動意義。如：The movie is worth watching. 這部電影值得一看。 need/require doingneed/require to be done, to be done 是不定式的被動結構。如： Your car needs washing.Your car needs to be washed. 你的汽車該洗了。,拓展在主動語態(tài)中省略“to”的動詞不定式，在被動語態(tài)中要加“to”。常見的有感官動詞
6、see, hear, watch, feel, notice等，以及使役動詞let, make, have。如：I heard the girl sing in the next room. (變?yōu)楸粍诱Z態(tài))The girl was heard to sing in the next room.,構成：主語am/is/aredone。如： My room is cleaned every day. 我的房間每天都被打掃。(肯定句) My room isnt cleaned every day. (否定句，在am/is/are后加not) Is your room cleaned every d
7、ay? (一般疑問句，把am/is/are提到句首),考點 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài)(6年1考),()1. (2015廣東)Have you heard of the song Little Apple? Yes. It _ every morning when aged people do square dancing downstairs. Ais playedBplays Cwas playedDplayed,A,()2. (2018東莞市六校聯(lián)考二模)Excuse me, sir. Smoking _ in the gas station. Oh, Im terribly sorry. A
8、doesnt allowBis allowed Carent allowedDisnt allowed ()3. In our daily life, WiFi_ everywhere and it is very convenient for us to surf on the Internet. Aused Buses Cwill be used Dis used,D D,構成：主語was/were done。如： John was punished by his parents yesterday. 約翰昨天被他的父母懲罰了。(肯定句) John wasnt punished by hi
9、s parents yesterday. (否定句，在was/were后加not) Was John punished by his parents yesterday? (一般疑問句，把was/were提到句首),考點 一般過去時的被動語態(tài)(6年6考),()4. (2018廣東)Many shops in China _ to shut down as a new law against ivory (象牙) trade came into effect on January 1st, 2018. Aordered Bdidnt order Cwere ordered Dwerent ord
10、ered ()5. (2017廣東)The waiter told me that free parking _ for the hotel guests. Aprovides Bprovided Cwill be providedDwas provided,C D,()6. (2016廣東)He Jiang _ to give a speech at the graduation ceremony at Harvard University last month. AinvitesBinvited Cis invited Dwas invited ()7. (2013廣東)It _ last
11、 week that the haze (霧霾) in Beijing caused many problems. AreportsBreported Cis reportedDwas reported,D D,()8. (2018惠州市惠城區(qū)一模)The cinema _ a few years ago. But now few people go to watch movies there. AbuildsBis built Cwas builtDbuilt ()9. (2018中山市卓雅外國語學校二模)A concert _ to raise money for the disabled
12、 last month. Ais held Bwas held Cwill hold Dmay hold,C B,構成：主語will be done; 主語 am/is/are going to be done。如： (1)These trees will be planted tomorrow. 這些樹明天將被種植。 These trees wont be planted tomorrow. (否定句，在will后加not) Will these trees be planted tomorrow? (一般疑問句，把will提到句首),考點 一般將來時的被動語態(tài)(6年1考),(2)The m
13、eeting is going to be held next week. 會議將于下周召開。 The meeting isnt going to be held next week. (否定句，在am/is/are后加not) Is the meeting going to be held next week? (一般疑問句，把am/is/are提到句首),()10. (2014廣東)Although Flight MH370 has been missing for months, I do believe it_ some day in the future. Awill findBwo
14、nt find Cwill be found Dwont be found ()11. The international meeting _ in Hainan in a few weeks time. AholdBis held Cwill holdDwill be held,C D,()12. All food _ to students for free in our dining hall on the School Celebration Day. Great! I cant wait. AofferBwill offer Care offered Dwill be offered
15、,D,注意該結構表被動，相當于want/need/requireto be done。 ()13. The floor is dirty. It needs _. AwashingBwashed Cbe washedDbeing washed,易錯盤點,易錯點 want/need/requiredoing,A,注意make, see, watch, hear, feel等使役動詞和感官動詞。 ()14. If you see the comedy, you will _ laugh. Abe made Bbe made to Cmake to Dmake,易錯點 省略to的動詞不定式，變?yōu)楸粍?/p>
16、語態(tài)時要加to,B,做關于被動語態(tài)的相關題時，首先要確定主語是謂語動詞的執(zhí)行者還是承受者，這樣才能判斷出句子的語態(tài)。 例 (2018天津)Dr Bethune _ still _ in both China and Canada today. Ais; remembered Bis; remembering Cwill; remember Dhas; remembered,解題技巧,技巧 判斷動作的執(zhí)行者或承受者,A,方法點撥第步：先分析句意“如今在中國和加拿大，白求恩醫(yī)生仍然”。第步：根據(jù)句意和選項可知主語Dr Bethune和謂語動詞remember之間是動賓關系，故答案為A。,被動語態(tài)的
17、使用離不開時態(tài)，做題時要根據(jù)句中的時間狀語或語境來分析使用哪種時態(tài)。 例(2018鹽城)A lot of new roads _ in order to develop the villages in the next five years. Abuilt Bwere built Cwill build Dwill be built,技巧 時態(tài)判斷法,D,方法點撥第步：先分析句意“為了村莊的發(fā)展，五年后很多新的道路”。第步：根據(jù)句意和選項可知主語new roads和謂語動詞build之間是動賓關系，又由in the next five years可知用一般將來時，故答案為D。,謝謝觀看,Exit,
（廣東專用）2019年中考英語總復習 第2部分 語法專題復習 專題十 被動語態(tài)課件 人教新目標版.ppt
