Dudu新概念英語第二冊(cè)第十課講解文本Lesson 10 Not for

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1、Lesson 10 Not for jazz不適于演奏爵士樂 First listen and then answer the question.聽錄音，然后回答以下問題：What happened to the clavichord?We have an old musical instrument.It is called a clavichord.It was made in Germany in 1681.Our clavichord is kept in the living room.It has belonged to our family for a long time.The

2、 instrument was bought by my grandfather many years ago.Recently it was damaged by a visitor.She tried to play jazz on it!She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.My father was shocked.Now we are not allowed to touch it.It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.【New words

3、 and expressions】生詞和短語jazz n.爵士音樂musical adj.音樂的instrument n.樂器clavichord n.古鋼琴recently adv.最近damage v.損壞key n.琴鍵string n.（樂器的）弦shock v.使不悅或生氣，震動(dòng)allow v.答應(yīng)，讓touch v.觸摸參考譯文我家有件古樂器，被稱作古鋼琴，是1681年德國(guó)造的。我們的這架古鋼琴存放在起居室里。我們家有這件樂器已經(jīng)很久了，是我祖父在很多年以前買的?？伤罱灰粋€(gè)客人弄壞了，因?yàn)樗盟鼇韽椬嗑羰繕贰Ｋ趽羟冁I時(shí)用力過猛，損壞了兩根琴弦。我父親大為吃驚，不許我們?cè)賱?dòng)它。

4、父親的一個(gè)朋友正在修理這件樂器?！綨ew words and expressions】jazz n.爵士音樂 a kind of musicmusical adj.音樂的 musical student 有音樂天賦的人 music student 學(xué)音樂的人（the student who learned music）instrument n.樂器 instrument=musical instrumet surgical instrument 外科手術(shù)器械string instrument 弦樂器 clavichord n.古鋼琴,不是現(xiàn)代的piano a kind of instrumen

5、trecently adv.最近 recently=latelydamage v.損壞 n.損害，損失，傷害The storm has done a lot of damage to the village.vt.損害，毀壞，損壞The car was badly damaged in the accident.key n.琴鍵 n.琴鍵 n.鑰匙，答案 key to the door 門鑰匙Do you know the key to the question?adj.關(guān)鍵的 key structure 關(guān)鍵句型shock v.使不悅或生氣,震驚 v.使不悅或生氣,震動(dòng)跟人的情緒有關(guān)的動(dòng)詞的

6、賓語往往是“人”(以sth.為主語)The news shocks me.這個(gè)消息使我震動(dòng) adj.令人震動(dòng)的It is shocking.adj.感到震動(dòng)凡是能夠用“人”做賓語,又是表示人的情緒活動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞,有兩個(gè)形容詞形成：令人（V ing）；感到（V ed）Im shocked.n.震動(dòng)sb.get a shock 某人很吃驚 shock 必指壞事,令人不悅,生氣的 surprise 好事壞事都可以,只要你沒有料到的 I want to give you a big surprise.allow v.答應(yīng),讓 allow doing sth.Smoking is allowed.peopl

7、e allow smoking allow sb.to do sth./sb.be allowed to do sth.You are allowed to smoke You are not allowed to enter the room if you dont take the card with youtouch v.觸摸 vt.&vi.觸摸，碰 You are not allowed to touch the vase.vt.談及，涉及，關(guān)系到 A rise in the cost of living touches everyone.生活費(fèi)用的增加與每個(gè)人都有關(guān)系?！菊n文講解】1

8、、We have an old musical instrument.我家有件古樂器。instrument常用的意思是“器械”、“器具”，尤指醫(yī)療、機(jī)器等方面的。但它可以用來泛指各種樂器。have 沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)musical instrument樂器musical樂器的2、It is called a clavichord.被稱作古鋼琴。call在這里的意思是“把稱為”、“稱呼”，既可用于主動(dòng)語態(tài)，也可用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)：E.g.What do you call this?你們把這稱為什么？E.g.They call him big Tom.他們叫他“大個(gè)子湯姆”。3、It was made in

9、Germany in 1681.它是1681年德國(guó)造的。Make：意為“生產(chǎn),制造”，常用的搭配有：、1）be made in somewhere:產(chǎn)于某地E.g.These desks were made in Shanghai.2）be made by sb.:由某人制造E.g This cake was made by my sister.3）be made of sth.：由某種材料制成（看得出材料）E.g.The ring is made of gold.4）be made from sth.:由多種材料混合制成 （看不出單個(gè)材料）E.g.The cake is made from

10、sugar,flour,butter and eggs.5）be made into sth.:被制作成了成品E.g.This piece of cloth can be made into a dress.6）be made up of sth.:由.組成，構(gòu)成（機(jī)構(gòu)、團(tuán)體等）E.g.The committee is made up of eleven members.4、Our clavichord is kept in the living room.我們的這架古鋼琴存放在起居室里。5、It has belonged to our family for a long time.我們家有這

11、件樂器已經(jīng)很久了。This book is mine/the book belongs to me/Its my personal book/Im in possession of the book(主語是人）The book is in my possession This house belongs to me and it belonged to my father ten yeards ago.6、The instrument was bought by my grandfather many years age.是我祖父在很多年以前買的。主動(dòng)語態(tài)：.7、Recently it was

12、 damaged by a visitor.可它最近被一個(gè)客人弄壞了。The car was badly damaged in the accident.my watch is out of order 我的表不走了（狀態(tài)）My watch was damaged（強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作）主動(dòng)語態(tài).8、She tried to play jazz on it!因?yàn)樗盟鼇韽椬嗑羰繕?。play n.玩，演奏（樂器等）跟球類連用,直接 球類;play football 跟樂器連用,the 樂器,演奏樂器而非音樂play the guitar/piano/flute/on.使用某種設(shè)備he is on the p

13、hone/I”m on the computer 9.She struck the keys too hard and two of the strings were broken.她在擊琴鍵時(shí)用力過猛，損壞了兩根琴弦。hit/strike/press/touch the keys 10.My father was shocked.我父親大為吃驚。My father was shock at it I was very shocked at what I saw 11.Now we are not allowed to touch it.不許我們?cè)賱?dòng)它。Now My father doesnt

14、 allow us to touch it 12.It is being repaired by a friend of my fathers.父親的一個(gè)朋友正在修理這件樂器。Is being repaired 是現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)，表示正在被修理。a friend of my fathers 此短語中-s結(jié)構(gòu)的所有格用于“of”結(jié)構(gòu)之后，構(gòu)成了雙重所有格。1)雙重所有格用來表示的所有關(guān)系是人，不是物。E.g.a friend of my fathers=one of my fathers friends.（表示父親很多朋友中的一個(gè)）Some pictures of Johns=some o

15、f Johns pictures.(約翰的許多照片中的一部分）a doll of hers-one of her dolls.(她的許多布娃娃中的一個(gè)）2)雙重所有格還常用this,that,these和those 修飾of短語前面的名詞，表示愛，恨，褒，貶等情感。E.g.This son of mine 我這個(gè)兒子That dog of Roberts 羅伯特的那條狗Those dirty hands of yours 你那骯臟的手【Key structures】關(guān)鍵句型一、被動(dòng)語態(tài)被動(dòng)語態(tài)結(jié)構(gòu)為：be+done.1）被動(dòng)語態(tài)的時(shí)態(tài)由be的變化來表示；2）只有動(dòng)作是及物動(dòng)詞才能構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)；

16、3）強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作是由什么人或什么東西而發(fā)生時(shí)，常用介詞 be+行為發(fā)出者；4）被動(dòng)語態(tài)沒有將來進(jìn)行時(shí)和各種完成進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)。常出現(xiàn)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的各種時(shí)態(tài)形式如下：一般時(shí)態(tài)一般時(shí)態(tài)進(jìn)行進(jìn)態(tài)進(jìn)行進(jìn)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)完成時(shí)態(tài)現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在amdoneam being donehavebeen doneisisarearehas過去過去wasdonewasbeing donehad been donewerewere將來將來shallbe doneshallhave been donewillwill二、名詞的屬格（一）名詞所有格的構(gòu)成1）在名詞尾加s。主要表示有生命的事物或自然界獨(dú)一無二的事物以及時(shí)間距離等所有格，如the

17、 worlds，the suns，the earths，todays，yesterdays等。1、單數(shù)名詞詞尾加“s”，復(fù)數(shù)名詞詞尾沒有s，也要加“s”。the boys bag 男孩的書包mens room 男廁所2、若名詞已有復(fù)數(shù)詞尾又是s，只加“”。the workers struggle 工人的斗爭(zhēng)3、凡不能加“s”的名詞，都可以用“名詞+of+名詞”的結(jié)構(gòu)來表示所有關(guān)系。the title of the song 歌的名字4、在表示店鋪或教堂的名字或某人的家時(shí)，名詞所有格的后面常常不出現(xiàn)它所修飾的名詞。the barbers 理發(fā)店5、如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有s，則表示“分別有”

18、；只有一個(gè)s，則表示“共有”。Johns and Marys room(兩間)John and Marys room(一間)6、在復(fù)合名詞或短語中，s 加在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾。a month or twos absence7、作為一個(gè)整體的詞組，一般在最后一個(gè)詞的詞尾加s。an hour and a halfs walk（步行一個(gè)半小時(shí)的路程）Carol and Charles boat（卡咯和查爾斯兩人共有的船）8、不定代詞后接 else,所有格放在 else 上。somebody elses bag9、下列情況可以將 s 所有格中的名詞省略。1)名詞所有格所修飾的詞,如果前面已經(jīng)提到，往往可

19、以省略，以免重復(fù)。This notebook is not mine,nor Johns,nor Peters.這個(gè)筆記本不是我的，也不是約翰和比特的。The dictionary isnt mine,but Jennys.這本詞典不是我的，而是珍妮的。2)名詞所有格后面有指地點(diǎn)等的名詞時(shí),有的在習(xí)慣上可以省略。the doctors（office）醫(yī)生的診所my uncles（house）我叔叔的家10、起修飾作用的名詞，如不表示所有關(guān)系，通常不用s。room number tooth brush二、另外一種所有格是由介詞of加名詞構(gòu)成的名詞短語1、名詞的所有格形式除s外，還可用of+名詞構(gòu)

20、成短語修飾前面的名詞或表示兩個(gè)名詞間的所有關(guān)系。2、使用名詞所有格須注意:一般地說，s 所有格多用于有生命的東西，of 所有格多用于無生命的東西，但也有許多例外。1)表示天體的名詞的所有格用s。the suns heat the moons surface2)表示地區(qū)機(jī)構(gòu)的名詞的所有格用s。the citys developmentthe governments plan3)表示度量與貨幣價(jià)值的所有格用s。ten kilometres distance200 dollars worth of goods4)表示“有關(guān)”非所有關(guān)系的用 of 介詞短語。students of the school

21、 the statue of liberty5)表示同位關(guān)系的用 of 介詞短語。the city of Pisa6)表示部分或全部的用 of 介詞短語。the bottom of the sea the majority of people7)表示抽象概念的用 of 介詞短語。the cost of living the news of success8)名詞本身帶有后置修飾語或含有“the+形容詞”表示一類人，其所有格用 of 介詞短語。the housing problem of the poorthe skills of the workers who have been well t

22、rained9)有些表示時(shí)間、距離等無生命和表示世界、國(guó)家、城鎮(zhèn)等的名詞，也可以在詞尾加s或“”，變成相應(yīng)的所有格。five minutes walk 五分鐘的路程todays newspaper 今天的報(bào)紙3、雙重所有格雙重所有格即“of+名詞s 所有格”，表示整體中的一個(gè)或部分。用于修飾of前面的名詞，但此時(shí)of前面的名詞一定要有一個(gè)a(an)，two，any，some，several，no，few，another或this，that，these，those之類的修飾語(這個(gè)修飾語一般不能是one和the)。雙重所有格也可由“of+名詞性物主代詞”構(gòu)成,如：a friend of mine

23、 我的一位朋友。E.g.Do you know any friends of my husbands?Two classmates of my sisters will come to join us注：在雙重所有格中，用作介詞補(bǔ)足成分的所有格的名詞必須是確定特指的，而且一般指人。E.g.an old friend of my fathers（=one of my fathers old friends）我父親的一個(gè)老朋友this lovely baby of my aunts 我姨媽的可愛的孩子【Multiple choice questions】多項(xiàng)選擇詞Comprehension 理解

24、1 The old musical instrument _ (a)has been in the family for a long time (b)was bought recently (c)was sold recently (d)was repaired recently 2 How did the visitor damage the clavichord?(a)She played jazz on it.(b)She played it.(c)She cut the strings.(d)She hit the keys too hard.Structure句型3 Our c1a

25、vichord is kept in the living room.Thats where we _ it.(a)kept (b)have kept (c)are keeping (d)keep4 It has belonged to our family for years.Its the _(a)families (b)families (c)familys (d)familys5 The family have had the clavichord _ many years.(a)since (b)for (c)from (d)by6 Who _ it?Grandfather did.

26、(a)buy (b)was bought (c)bought (d)did buy7 We are not allowed to touch it.We _ touch it.(a)mustnt (b)mustnt to (c)havent to (d)dont have toVocabulary 詞匯8 Whats it _?A clavichord.(a)told (b)said (c)called (d)spoken9 Its kept in the living room.Thats where we _ it.(a)have (b)hold (c)lift (d)carry10 Th

27、e visitor damaged it.She _ it.(a)hurt (b)pained (c)broke (d)destroyed11 Recently it was damaged.She damaged it _(a)late (b)lastly (c)lately (d)finally12 A friend of my father s is _ the clavichord.(a)mending (b)making (c)doing (d)building Sentence structure 句子結(jié)構(gòu) Rewrite this sentence,then check your answer against the text.改以下句子，然后對(duì)照課文3-4行，核對(duì)你的答案。It was my grandfather who bought the instrument many years age.The instrument_.Thank youby DUDU