中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 常用單詞 詞組用法辨析 第一節(jié)2 動(dòng)詞類單詞、詞組辨析課件

《中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 常用單詞 詞組用法辨析 第一節(jié)2 動(dòng)詞類單詞、詞組辨析課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 常用單詞 詞組用法辨析 第一節(jié)2 動(dòng)詞類單詞、詞組辨析課件（59頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、動(dòng)詞類單詞、詞組辨析 1. accept， receive【辨析】 receive 通常指被動(dòng)地“收到”或“接到”，而 accept 則指主動(dòng)地“接受”。 注意：receive也可表“接受”，如：receive/get a better education，意為“接受更好的教育”。 【舉例】 We havent received his letter for a long time. 我們很久沒有收到他的來信了。 She offered him a lift and he accepted (it). 她請(qǐng)他坐她的車，他領(lǐng)情了。 【演練】( )1. On my twentieth birthd

2、ay I _ several gifts. A. get B. accepted C. received D. took( )2. He couldnt _ our suggestions but our gifts. A. accept B. receive C. accepted D. expectedCA ( )3. He did not _ a good education at university. A. accept B. receive C. received D. got( )4. She _ his present， but she didnt _ it. A. accep

3、ted; receive B. received; accept C. receives; accept D. accepts; receivedBB 2. advise， suggest【辨析】 兩者都是動(dòng)詞，都表示“向建議”。兩者的區(qū)別在于： advise的固定搭配是advise sb.(not) to do建議某人(別)做；suggest的固定搭配是suggest (sb.) doing或suggest ones doing建議(某人)做。當(dāng)然它們都可以接賓語從句，但賓語從句的動(dòng)詞形式必須是(should)(not)do 【舉例】 I advise my father to stop s

4、moking. 我建議我爸爸戒煙。 I suggest my father( fathers)stopping smoking. 我建議我爸爸停止吸煙。 I advise/suggest (that)my father (should)stop smoking. 我建議我爸爸不再吸煙。 【演練】( )1. The doctor advised me _. A. to smoke B. smoking C. dont smoke D. not to smoke( )2. He suggested _ a walk with my grandma. A. took B. to take C. ta

5、king D. me to takeDC ( )3. The husband suggested _ to the south, but his wife advised him _ up the idea. A. moving; giving B. to move; to give C. moving; to give D. to move; givingC 3. agree with， agree to【辨析】 agree意為“同意”，其反義詞為disagree。 (1)agree with sb./sth. 表示“同意某人或某人的意見、想法、分析、解釋等 (即持同一觀點(diǎn))”。 (2)ag

6、ree to sth. 意為“同意某事”，agree to后接建議、計(jì)劃、安排 (suggestion， advice， plan， arrangement) 等。 (3)agree to do sth. (此時(shí)to是不定式符號(hào)，后接動(dòng)詞原形構(gòu)成不定式)，意為“同意做某事”。 【舉例】 I quite agree with you. 我完全同意你(的意見)。 He agreed to the plan. 他同意了這個(gè)計(jì)劃。 We agreed to leave early. 我們同意早點(diǎn)出發(fā)。 【演練】( )1. Do you think he will _ my sugges-tion？A.

7、 agree to B. agrees to C. agree with D. agrees with( )2. Her parents both _ what she said. A. agree to B. agreed with C. agrees with D. agreed to( )3. I agree _ swimming tomorrow. A. to go B. to going C. with go D. /ABA 4. be able to，can【辨析】 兩者都表示“能；會(huì)”，后面都接動(dòng)詞原形。be able to有人稱、時(shí)態(tài)及數(shù)的變化，可以用于任何時(shí)態(tài)。而can沒有人

8、稱或數(shù)的變化，但有一個(gè)過去時(shí)形式could，相當(dāng)于was/were able to，也可以表示現(xiàn)在的能力，相當(dāng)于is/am/are able to。 注意：be able to可以用于不定式；當(dāng)表示過去通過努力終于做成了某事時(shí)要用be able to，而不能用can；表猜測(cè)時(shí)要用can, 而不能用be able to?！九e例】 He can / is able to speak German. 他會(huì)說德語。 I could / was able to dress myself when I was 10 months old. 我十個(gè)月時(shí)就會(huì)自己穿衣服。 Kitty will be able

9、to arrive on time if she runs fast enough. 如果凱蒂跑得夠快，她就能準(zhǔn)時(shí)到達(dá)。 He has not been able to come since he got hurt. 自從受傷以后，他就一直未能前來。 That cant be your bag. 那不可能是你的書包。 【演練】( )1. They will _ tell you the news soon. A. able to B. be able to C. can D. are able to( )2. You _ use my dictionary. Thank you. A. can

10、 B. are able to C. were able to D. could BA ( )3. Somebody is knocking at the door. Who _ it be?A. is able to B. could C. can D. cant( )4. I _ swim to the bank after the boat turned over. A. am able to B. can C. was able to D. can able to( )5. Could I borrow your pen? Sure, you _. A. can B. could C.

11、 cant D. are able toCCA 5. borrow， lend， keep【辨析】 (1)borrow意為“借進(jìn)”，borrow sth. from sb./sw. 表示“向某人/從某處借入某物”。 (2)lend意為“借出”，是borrow的反義詞，lend sth. to sb./lend sb. sth. 表示“借出某物給某人”。 (3)keep意為“保留；借”，borrow， lend表示的“借”是短暫性的，而keep表示的是持續(xù)性的。keep sth.時(shí)間段表示“借某物多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常用于完成時(shí)態(tài)。 【舉例】 Can I borrow your pen? 我可以借用一下

12、你的鋼筆嗎？ Do you often borrow books from the library? 你經(jīng)常從圖書館借書嗎？ Can you lend me your pen? 把你的鋼筆借給我好嗎？ You mustnt lend it to others. 你一定不要把它借給別人。 He has kept these books for two weeks. 他借這些書兩周了。 How long can I keep the book?這本書我可以借多久？ Two weeks. 兩周。 【演練】( )1. You can _ my iPod for four days. A. lend B

13、. borrow C. keep D. get( )2. Thanks for _ me the money. A. borrowing B. lending C. kept D. lentCB ( )3. Joseph _ his guitar to Betty last Friday. A. lent B. lended C. borrows D. kept( )4. Daisy _ a book from her cousin and she has _ it for three weeks. A. borrowed; lent B. borrowed; kept C. lent; ke

14、pt D. lends; borrowedAB 6. develop, developing, developed, development【辨析】 (1)develop意為“發(fā)展；開發(fā)”，既是及物動(dòng)詞，又是不及物動(dòng)詞。 (2)developing意為“發(fā)展中的”，為現(xiàn)在分詞，起形容詞的作用，表示主動(dòng)含義。 (3)developed意為“發(fā)達(dá)的”，為過去分詞，起形容詞的作用，表示被動(dòng)含義。 (4)development意為“發(fā)展”，用作名詞。 【舉例】 The child is developing well. 這孩子發(fā)育得很好。 China is a developing country.

15、中國是一個(gè)發(fā)展中國家。 Japan is a developed country. 日本是一個(gè)發(fā)達(dá)國家。 Education is important to a childs develop-ment. 教育對(duì)一個(gè)孩子的發(fā)展至關(guān)重要。 【演練】( )1. We should _ the students ability to solve problems.A. develop B. development C. developed D. developing( )2. What are your plans for the _ of your company?A. developed B. d

16、eveloping C. develop D. developmentAD ( )3. India is a _ country， while America is a _ one.A. developed; developed B. developing; developingC. developing; developed D. developed; developingC 7. die， dead， death， dying【辨析】 (1)die是瞬間動(dòng)詞，意為“死；死去”，表示生命的結(jié)束，不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)，也不能與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用。 (2)dead是形容詞，意為“死的”，在句中可

17、以充當(dāng)定語或表語。 (3)death是名詞，意為“死亡”。 (4)dying可作die的現(xiàn)在分詞，也可作形容詞，意為“奄奄一息的；瀕臨死亡的”。 【舉例】 His father died last week. 上周他父親去世了。 He found a dead bird in the garden. 他在花園里發(fā)現(xiàn)了一只死鳥。 His grandpa has been dead for two years. 他的祖父逝世已經(jīng)有兩年了。(注：be dead可以與時(shí)間段連用，而die則不可以。此句若用die改寫則為：His grandpa died two years ago. 他的祖父兩年前去世

18、了。) She cried out after knowing her husbands death. 得知她丈夫的死訊后，她失聲痛哭。 The dying man was saved by a kind hearted lady. 那個(gè)奄奄一息的男人被一位好心的女士救了。 I think his dog is dying. 我認(rèn)為他的狗快要死了。 【演練】( )1. Thinking of the _ of my grand-father， I feel very sad. A. dead B. die C. death D. died( )2. Who can save the _ dog

19、？A. dead B. dying C. died D. dieCB ( )3. The poor man _ last night. A. was dead B. is dying C. dead D. died( )4. The cat has _ for two days. A. died B. been died C. been dead D. deathDC 8. die from， die of，die out【辨析】 (1)die from和die of均表示“因而死”，所接賓語均表示死亡的原因。 具體使用時(shí)，die of指死于(疾病、感情、饑寒等)自身原因；die from一般

20、指死于(事故、外傷等)外部原因。若死因是環(huán)境影響到體內(nèi)，即兩方面共有的原因，則用of和from均可。 (2)die out意為“(家族、物種等)滅絕；絕跡”。 【舉例】 Mr. Liu died from an earthquake. 劉先生死于一場(chǎng)地震。 Nowadays many people die of cancer. 如今很多人死于癌癥。 Many kinds of animals are in danger of dying out. 許多動(dòng)物種類都處于瀕臨滅絕的危險(xiǎn)中。 【演練】( )1. Miss Lin _ heart disease last spring. A. died

21、 of B. died from C. died out D. died down( )2. Human beings may _ one day if they continue to destroy the environment. A. die out B. die of C. die in D. die fromAA ( )3. Each year, many people _ traffic accidents. A. die from B. die of C. die out D. die downA 9. get to， arrive in/at， reach【辨析】 三者均可表

22、示“到達(dá)”。get表“到達(dá)”時(shí)是不及物動(dòng)詞，后接表示地點(diǎn)的名詞時(shí)要與介詞to連用，即“get to地點(diǎn)”。 arrive表“到達(dá)”時(shí)也是不及物動(dòng)詞，后接地點(diǎn)名詞時(shí)要借助介詞in或at，即“arrive in大地點(diǎn)， arrive at小地點(diǎn)”。reach表“到達(dá)”時(shí)是及物動(dòng)詞，后面直接接表示地點(diǎn)的詞。 注意：(1) get， arrive后接表示地點(diǎn)的副詞(如here， there， home等)時(shí)，不需要任何介詞作為媒介。 (2) 到達(dá)的地點(diǎn)在句中沒有出現(xiàn)時(shí)，只能單獨(dú)使用arrive。 【舉例】 He got to the stop at 5:00 oclock this afternoon

23、. 他今天下午五點(diǎn)到站的。 He arrived in Beijing yesterday. 他昨天到達(dá)了北京。 When he arrived at the stop, the bus had left. 當(dāng)他到達(dá)公共汽車站時(shí)，公交車已經(jīng)開走了。 When does the train reach London?火車什么時(shí)候到達(dá)倫敦？ When I got there, the film had been on for 5 minutes. 當(dāng)我到那里時(shí)，電影已經(jīng)上映五分鐘了。 When did you arrive？ 你什么時(shí)候到的？ Three days ago. 三天前(到的)。 【演

24、練】( )1. Sadly we _ the factory five minutes late. A. got B. arrived in C. reach D. arrived at( )2. When did he _ home yesterday？A. arrived B. get to C. reach D. getsDC ( )3. What were you doing when the sandstorm _？ A. arrived B. reached C. got to D. arrived in( )4. The kite is in the tree. Can you

25、_ it?A. get to B. arrive at C. reach D. reach inAC 10. happen， take place【辨析】 兩者都可表示“發(fā)生”。happen 意為“意外、偶然、未能預(yù)見地發(fā)生”，常見搭配有sb. happen to do sth. “某人碰巧做某事”和sth. happen to sb./sth. “某事意外發(fā)生在某人/某事身上”。take place意為“按事先計(jì)劃或有預(yù)謀地發(fā)生/舉行”。 注意：與happen搭配的往往是accident， crash， earthquake， tsunami(海嘯)等；與take place搭配的往往是mu

26、rder， sports meeting， party， celebration， marriage等。此外，happen, take place往往不用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)。 【舉例】 I happened to meet two foreigners from Argentina on the mountain yesterday afternoon. 昨天下午我碰巧在山上遇見了兩位來自阿根廷的外籍人士。 Cindy looks upset these days. What happened to her？ 辛迪這幾天看起來很沮喪。她怎么了？ A horrible murder took place

27、 on July 22， 2009. 2009年7月22號(hào)發(fā)生了一起可怕的謀殺案。 【演練】( )1. When did the earthquake _？A. take place B. happen C. happening D. took place( )2. In 1919， the May 4th Movement _ in China. A. took place B. happened C. will happen D. was taking placeBA ( )3. Great changes _ in the town since 1998. A. have taken p

28、lace B. have been taken place C. has taken place D. has been taken place ( )4. I _ to see him on my way home. A. took place B. happened C. happening D. take placeAB 11. have been to， have been in， have gone to【辨析】 (1)have/has been to 強(qiáng)調(diào)“曾經(jīng)去了某個(gè)地方，此時(shí)人已經(jīng)不在那里了”，后常接次數(shù)，如once，twice，three times等， 也可和just，ne

29、ver，ever等連用。 (2)have/has been in表示“在某地待了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間”，常與時(shí)間段狀語for/sinceago等連用。 (3)have/has gone to強(qiáng)調(diào) “去了某個(gè)地方”，現(xiàn)在人可能在去的途中或已經(jīng)在那個(gè)地方了，總之不在說話者處， 上下文中往往出現(xiàn)Where is sb.？/Have you seen sb. recently？/sb. will be back in之類的暗示語。 注意：當(dāng)它們后面接表示地點(diǎn)的副詞(如here， there， home等)時(shí)，要省略介詞in， to。 【舉例】 My father has been to Beijing twice

30、. 我父親去過北京兩次。 I have been in Shanghai for three years. 我到上海已有三年了。 Where is Jim？吉姆在哪里？ He has gone to England. 他去英國了。 Youve never been there before， have you？ 你從來沒有去過那里，是嗎？ 【演練】( )1. He _ Beijing. He will come back in ten days. A. has been to B. have gone to C. has been in D. has gone to( )2. How many

31、 times have you _ Paris？ Only once. A. been in B. gone to C. go to D. been toDD ( )3. How long have you _ this city？ For more than ten years. A. stay in B. been in C. been to D. come to( )4. Long time no see. Where have you _？ I was on a trip to Australia. A. been B. gone to C. gone D. come fromBA 1

32、2. hear of， hear about， hear from【辨析】 hear of與hear about的意思相近，這兩個(gè)詞組在英語中有時(shí)可以通用。hear of意為“聽說過；聽到；提起某事”，直接指其對(duì)象。hear about意為“聽到、得知關(guān)于某人或某事的消息”，比hear of知道得更詳細(xì)、具體。hear from通常接表示人的名詞或代詞，意為“收到的信；收到的電報(bào)；得到的消息”。 【舉例】 I have never heard of him since he left. 自從他離開后，我再也沒有聽到過他的消息。 Ive just heard about his illness.

33、 我剛聽說他生病的事。 I havent heard from him since he telephoned. 自從那次他來電話后，我一直沒有收到過他的來信。 【演練】( )1. Ive just _ his promotion. A. hear about B. heard from C. hear of D. heard about( )2. We dont know the singer，and weve never _ her. A. heard of B. hear about C. heard from D. heardDA ( )3. How often do you _ yo

34、ur grandmother? Once a month. A. get a letter to B. hear from C. hear a letter from D. write fromB 13. hope， wish【辨析】 兩者都可以作動(dòng)詞，表示“希望”。hope用作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面可接不定式或that從句，但不能接“賓語不定式”(即不能用hope sb. to do結(jié)構(gòu))。wish作動(dòng)詞時(shí)，后面接不定式或“賓語不定式”都可以，wish接 that從句時(shí)，一般表示某種強(qiáng)烈而又難以實(shí)現(xiàn)的“愿望”，常用虛擬語氣。 注意：(1)wish可表示良好的“祝愿”，后面接“賓語賓補(bǔ)(形容詞或名詞)”

35、，而hope不能這樣用。 (2)在簡(jiǎn)略句中，如要表示希望某事不會(huì)發(fā)生時(shí)，應(yīng)說I hope not，而不說 I dont hope so。 (3)此外，hope和wish都可以作名詞。 【舉例】 I hope to be a doctor.=I hope that I can be a doctor. 我希望我能當(dāng)一名醫(yī)生。 I hope she will be well again. 我希望她會(huì)痊愈。(不能說“I hope her to be well again.”。) I wish I could fly to the moon in a spaceship one day. 但愿有一天我

36、能乘坐宇宙飛船飛向月球。(句中could為虛擬用法，不可用can。) I wish I were you. 但愿我是你就好了。(句中were為虛擬用法。) We wish to visit Yanan. 我希望能參觀延安。 We wish you (to be)happy. 我希望你幸福。 I wish you a long life. 祝你長(zhǎng)壽。 He gave up all hope. 他放棄了一切希望。 Thank you for giving me hope. Best wishes to you, too! 謝謝你給我希望。也衷心祝愿你！ 【演練】( )1. What are you going to do when you grow up？A singer， but my parents wish me _ a teacher. A. am B. to be C. will be D. be( )2. I _ youll be better soon.A. make B. get C. hope D. wishBC ( )3. I _ Rachel to be my partner. A. wish B. hope C. expecting D. look forwardA