新課標(biāo)高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句高考真題例析

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1、新課標(biāo)高考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法定語(yǔ)從句高考真題例析定語(yǔ)從句（一）考點(diǎn)1正確選擇關(guān)系詞1. We ll reach the sales targets in a month we set at the beginning of the year.（2014 重慶，9） 答案 which/that解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：再有一個(gè)月我們就能完成年初制訂的銷售目標(biāo)了。which/that指代targets,在從句中充當(dāng)set的賓語(yǔ)。2. I am looking forward to the day my daughter can read this book and know my feelings for

2、 her.（2014 湖南，31）答案 when解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為the day,關(guān)系詞在從句中作時(shí)間語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用關(guān)系副詞 when。3. The exact year Angela and her family spent together in China was 2008.（2014 安徽，22）答案 which/that解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是the exact year,定語(yǔ)從句中的動(dòng)詞 spent是及物動(dòng)詞，后面缺少賓語(yǔ)，故填 which/that。4. A company profits from home markets are declining may seek

3、opportunities abroad.（2014 山 東，10）答案 whose解析考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：國(guó)內(nèi)市場(chǎng)利潤(rùn)萎縮的公司可能會(huì)尋求國(guó)外市場(chǎng)的機(jī)會(huì)?？崭窈竺~profits和先行詞company形成所屬關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填 whose。5. Please send us all the information you have about the candidate for the position.（2014 陜西，13） 答案 that解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是information ,指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中作及物動(dòng)詞 have的賓語(yǔ)，且先行詞有不定代詞all修飾，故關(guān)系詞只能用that

4、。6. Happiness and success often come to those are good at recognizing their own strengths.（2013 湖南；21）答案 who解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：快樂(lè)和成功總是會(huì)眷顧那些善于認(rèn)清自己的優(yōu)點(diǎn)和特長(zhǎng)的人。分析句子成分后可知，“ are good at recognizing their own strengths 是定語(yǔ)從句修飾先行詞those, 從句中缺少主語(yǔ)，指人，所以用 who引導(dǎo)。【名師點(diǎn)撥】做此類題的關(guān)鍵是判斷先行詞和分析句子成分。若句中缺少主語(yǔ)、賓語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系代詞；若句中缺少狀

5、語(yǔ)，則用關(guān)系副詞。然后再根據(jù)先行詞的特點(diǎn)確定具體用哪一個(gè)關(guān)系代（副）詞?？键c(diǎn)2 where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句7. Students should involve themselves in community activities they can gain experience for growth.（2014 福建,31）答案 where解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞community activities ,且在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)。8. The book has helped me greatly in my daily communication , espec

6、ially at work a good impression is a must.（2014 江蘇，22）答案 where解析考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：這本書(shū)在日常交際中給予我很大的幫助，尤其是在第一印象至關(guān)重要的工作中。根據(jù)句意知關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填關(guān)系副詞 whereo9. It s helpful to put children in a situation they can see themselves differently.（2009 福建，24） 答案 where解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞是situation ,指物，亦可指地點(diǎn)，關(guān)系詞在從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，用關(guān)系副詞 wh

7、ere?！久麕燑c(diǎn)撥】借助于“句子成分分析法”，確定先行詞，分析從句中若缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，則用where來(lái)引導(dǎo)。注意表示抽象地點(diǎn)的先行詞有：case, point, situation , condition , activity , job, race, position , stage, degree等?？键c(diǎn)3 which和as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句10. Until now , we have raised 50,000 pounds for the poor children , is quite unexpected.（2014 四 川，4）答案 which解析 考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。此題考

8、查which指代整個(gè)主句內(nèi)容引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，which在定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)。句意為：到現(xiàn)在為止，我們已經(jīng)為那些貧窮的孩子募捐到了50 000英鎊，這是完全沒(méi)有預(yù)料到的。11. is often the case with children , Amy was better by the time the doctor arrived.（2013 陜西，16） 答案 As解析 句意為：就像其他小孩子一樣，醫(yī)生來(lái)的時(shí)候 Amy好多了。as is often the case通常就是這樣， 此處as引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。12. We have launched another man-made sate

9、llite, is announced in today s newspaper.（2013 天 津，6）答案 which解析考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。which在此引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代前面整個(gè)句子?！久麕燑c(diǎn)撥】as和which引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句的特點(diǎn)以及兩者的區(qū)別：as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句可置于句首、句中、句尾，而which從句只能置于被修飾句子的后面；which可在從句中作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞的主語(yǔ)，as不可；主、從句語(yǔ)義不一致時(shí)，只能用which ; as含有正如之意， which沒(méi)有?？键c(diǎn)4 名詞/代詞/數(shù)詞等+ of+which/whom ”引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句13. English is a lang

10、uage shared by several diverse cultures, （每種文化）uses it differently.（2014 天津，12）答案 each of which解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。前后兩個(gè)分句間無(wú)連詞，由標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)“逗號(hào)”可知，此處為非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，對(duì)先彳亍同diverse cultures進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，又由后面謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞uses可知，應(yīng)填each of which。14. The children , （所有的孩子）had played the whole day long , were worn out.（2013 浙江；5）答案 all of whom解析 考

11、查定語(yǔ)從句。先行詞為children ,故需要用who（m）來(lái)指代，再根據(jù)漢語(yǔ)提示即可確定答案。15. John invited about 40 people to his wedding , （大多數(shù)人）are family members.（2013 重慶，24） 答案 most of whom解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：約翰大約邀請(qǐng)了 40人參加他的婚禮，其中大多數(shù)是他的家人。先行詞是40 people,指人；再根據(jù)句意可知用關(guān)系代詞whom?！久麕燑c(diǎn)撥：根據(jù)標(biāo)點(diǎn)符號(hào)和有無(wú)連詞，判斷是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句還是并列句。如果句與句之間有并列連詞and, but或者分號(hào)，則是并列句；如果是逗號(hào)，

12、且逗號(hào)后的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面內(nèi)容的補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明，則是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，應(yīng)該使用關(guān)系詞。 然后用“代入”法，把關(guān)系代詞換成先行詞，其關(guān)系就一目了然了。如上面1題中each ofwhich = each of the cultures; 2題中 all of whom = all of the children ?？键c(diǎn)5定語(yǔ)從句與狀語(yǔ)從句的比較16. The museum will open in the spring with an exhibition and a viewing platform visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built.（2

13、013 浙江，13）答案 where解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知， visitors can watch the big glasshouses being built為 定語(yǔ)從句，a viewing platform為先行詞，從句缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)當(dāng)由關(guān)系副詞where引導(dǎo)。17. If you happen to get lost in the wild ,you d better stay you are and wait for help.（2012 四JI, 10）答案 where解析 考查地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句。where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)表明主句動(dòng)作發(fā)生的地點(diǎn)，即：你最好呆在你現(xiàn)在所 在

14、的地方。18. It was the middle of the night my father woke me up and told me to watch the football game.（2014 江西，35）答案 when解析 考查狀語(yǔ)從句。句意為：當(dāng)我的父親把我叫醒并告訴我看足球賽的時(shí)候，那時(shí)是午夜。本句中 it指代“時(shí)間”，when引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。名師點(diǎn)撥：做此類題的關(guān)鍵是分析從句中是否有先行詞。若有，則為定語(yǔ)從句；若沒(méi)有，則是狀語(yǔ)從句、強(qiáng)調(diào)句 等?？键c(diǎn)6定語(yǔ)從句與強(qiáng)調(diào)句的比較19. It was the culture , rather than the lang

15、uage, made it hard for him to adapt to the new environment abroad.（2014 福建， 29）答案 that解析 考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。句意為：是風(fēng)俗文化而不是語(yǔ)言使他很難適應(yīng)國(guó)外的新環(huán)境。這里強(qiáng)調(diào)主語(yǔ)部分 the culture, rather than the language, 所以用 that 弓I導(dǎo)?！久麕燑c(diǎn)撥：區(qū)分定語(yǔ)從句還是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，看從句中是否缺少句子成分，如果去掉 it is/wasthatwho，結(jié)構(gòu)仍完整， 則為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，反之，則是定語(yǔ)從句。定語(yǔ)從句（二）I .高考變式用適當(dāng)?shù)年P(guān)系詞填空1. I borrowed the

16、book Sherlock Holmes from the library last week , my classmates recommended to me.（2014 北京,26）答案 which解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。此處 Sherlock Holmes是先行詞，作recommended的賓語(yǔ)；又因?yàn)槭欠窍拗菩远?語(yǔ)從句，故填which。2. I didn t become a serious climber until the fifth grade , I went up to rescue a kite that was stuck in the branches of a tre

17、e.（2014 浙江,5） -答案 when解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。上句說(shuō)“我直到五年級(jí)才成為一個(gè)熱衷攀爬的人”，后面句子就是在五年級(jí)這個(gè)時(shí)間，作者去樹(shù)上把一個(gè)風(fēng)箏取了下來(lái)。the fifth grade為先行詞，作后面句子的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故用 when引導(dǎo)。3. Many countries are now setting up national parks animals and plants can be protected.（2013 d匕 京，27）答案 where解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：目前，許多國(guó)家正在建立一些國(guó)家公園，動(dòng)物和植物在那兒可以得到保護(hù)。先行詞為 national par

18、ks,且在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故填 where。4. There is no simple answer, is often the case in science.（2013 山東，31） 答案 as解析 考查as引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。as is often the case為固定搭配，意為“情況通常是這樣as引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代整句話的內(nèi)容，可置于句首、句中或句尾。5. When I arrived , Bryan took me to see the house I would be staying.（2013 新課標(biāo)全國(guó) n ,4）答案 where解析 句意為：當(dāng)我到達(dá)的時(shí)候

19、，拜倫帶我去看了我將要住的房子。此處先行詞是the house,從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。6. Mo Yan was awarded the Nobel Prize for Literature in 2012 , made one of the Chinese people s long-held dreams come true.（2013 安徽，29）答案 which解析 句意為：莫言被授予2012年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎(jiǎng)，這使得中國(guó)人多年來(lái)的一個(gè)夢(mèng)想成為現(xiàn)實(shí)。which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，指代逗號(hào)前的全部?jī)?nèi)容。7. The book tells stories of th

20、e earthquake through the eyes of those lives were affected.（2013 福 建，27）答案 whose解析 句意為：這本書(shū)透過(guò)生活受到地震影響的人們的視角講述地震的故事。本題的先行詞是those表示人，定語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)是lives,與先行詞構(gòu)成所屬關(guān)系，應(yīng)使用關(guān)系代詞whose引導(dǎo)。8. The president of the World Bank says he has a passion for China , he remembers starting as early as his childhood.（2013 江蘇，32）答

21、案 which解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句。句意為：世界銀行的總裁說(shuō)他喜歡中國(guó)，這一點(diǎn)他記得早在他的童年時(shí)期就開(kāi) 始了。which指代“喜愛(ài)中國(guó)”這件事。9. He wrote a letter he explained what had happened in the accident.（2013 江西，33）答案 where解析 考查定語(yǔ)從句的引導(dǎo)詞。句意為：他寫(xiě)了一封信，在信中他解釋了事故中發(fā)生的事情。定語(yǔ)從句中主謂賓俱全，缺少狀語(yǔ)，因此填 where,在本句中相當(dāng)于in which。10. He may win the competition , in case he is likely to

22、get into the national team.（2013 遼寧，34）答案 which解析 考查非限制性定語(yǔ)從句。in which case意為“在這種情況下”。n .語(yǔ)法填空體裁：記敘文 話題：節(jié)假活動(dòng) 詞數(shù)：179Wife : It s Friday today.How do you want to spend the evening , darling?Husband: Well, why not go 1 (dance)? We haven t done that 2 a long time.Wife ： Oh, to tell the truth , I don t real

23、ly feel like going dancing tonight.I had a hard day and I m sort of tired.What s more, I 3 (suppose)to go rock climbing with my colleague Dorothy tomorrow morning.Husband: Well, in that 4 , we could go to the new movie Life of Pi, by that world- famous director Ang Lee.I really like his work ,5 will

24、 stop showing the day after tomorrow.Wife : Oh, we go to the movies 6 much.Can t we do something different for a 7 . honey?Husband: Well, do you have any suggestions?Wife : Let me see.How do you feel about asking some friends over to play cards?Husband: It s OK with me ,8 we don t have any beer or a

25、nything to eat at home.Wife : Well,9 is better to call Juliet and ask her and that neighbor of 10 , David , to come over,and I ll go to the store and buy some food and drinks.Husband: OK.That s a good idea.1 .答案 dancing解析 go dancing去跳舞。2 .答案 for解析 句意為：我們很長(zhǎng)時(shí)間沒(méi)這么做了。3 .答案 am supposed解析 be supposed to(按習(xí)慣、安排等)應(yīng)該。4 .答案 case解析 in that case固定搭配。5 .答案 which解析 which引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，修飾 work。6 .答案 too解析 句意為：我們看電影太多了。too much太多。7 .答案 change解析 句意為：我們能不能換個(gè)不同的事情呢？for a change改變一下。8 .答案 but解析 句意為：我還好，但是家里沒(méi)有啤酒也沒(méi)有吃的了。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，用but。9 .答案it解析固定句型：it is better to do.。10 .答案 hers解析 neighbor of hers她的鄰居，雙重所有格。7