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1、2021/6/16 1 Sonnet 18 2021/6/16 2 Definition of Sonnet A sonnet is a lyric, invariably, of fourteen lines, usually in iambic pentameter, restricted to a definite rhyme scheme. 十四行詩(shī)是一種有十四行詩(shī)句構(gòu)成的抒情詩(shī)體，用抑揚(yáng)格五音步作全詩(shī)的形式，有固定韻律。 2021/6/16 3 Types of Sonnet There are three dominant types of sonnet, all named af
2、ter their founders or perfecters (完善者): Petrarchan sonnet 皮特拉克十四行詩(shī)Spenserian sonnet 斯賓塞體十四行詩(shī)Shakespearean sonnet 莎士比亞式十四行詩(shī) 2021/6/16 4 Shakespearian Sonnet Also known as the English Sonnet, consists of three quatrains(四行詩(shī)) followed by a couplet(對(duì)句) . The rhyme scheme is abab cdcd efef gg. A theme is
3、 developed in the quatrains, and a concluding thought is presented in the couplet. 2021/6/16 5 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chance, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eternal summe
4、r shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers day? a T
5、hou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18 2021/6/16 6 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, c And often is his gold complexion dimmd; d And every fair from fair sometime declines , c By chanc
6、e, or natures changing course, untrimmd. dBut thy eternal summer shall not fade, e Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, f Nor shall Death brag thou wanderst in his shade, e When in eternal lines to time thou growst. fSo long as man can breathe or eyes can see, g So long lives this, and this g
7、ives life to thee. g Shall I compare thee to a summers day? a Thou art more lovely and more temperate. b Rough winds do shake the darling buds of may, a And summers lease hath all too short a date. bSonnet 18 Introduction (起)Eluci ation ( 承 ) Transition ( 轉(zhuǎn) )Conclusion ( 合 ) 2021/6/16 7 Appreciation
8、Shall I compare thee to a summers day?Thou art more lovely and more temperate.- a summers day: In England, summer is not hot but comfortably warm. It is the most pleasant season of the year.-temperate: gentle, soft, mild 溫和的英譯: How can I compare you to a summers day since you are lovelier and gentle
9、r than it? 2021/6/16 8 Modern English v.s. Middle English現(xiàn)代英語(yǔ)和中古英語(yǔ) you You (賓格) your yours thine thou Thee Thy 2021/6/16 9英譯：In fact, the violent winds do destroy the lovely buds of May, and summer lasts for only a very short period of time. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,And Summers l
10、ease hath all too short a date.rough: violent; terribledarling: lovely; dear; charminglease: Here it is figuratively used, meaning “l(fā)ifetime”.hath: old use for “has”date: period of time 2021/6/16 10 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, Nor shall Death br
11、ag thou wandrest in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou growst eternal summer: (metaphor) immortal youthfulness Death: (personification) the destroyer of lifeeternal lines: immortal lines of poetry such as the lines in this poemto time thou grost: youll grow together with time, just as tim
12、e that lasts forever 2021/6/16 11 英譯: If you are written in an eternal poem, you will become part of time; you will always be young or your youthfulness will be everlasting (will never disappear); you will never lose your beauty; and even Death shall not boast that you are under his control. 2021/6/
13、16 12 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see,So long live this, and this gives life to thee. this: this poem英譯： As long as there is man living in this world, as long as mans eyes can see things, this poem will be eternal and it will also make you immortal. 2021/6/16 13 Sonnet 18 (1609) Shall I c
14、ompare thee to a summers day? 我怎么能夠把你來(lái)比作夏天？ Thou art more lovely and more temperate: 你不獨(dú)比它可愛(ài)也比它溫婉： Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, 狂風(fēng)把五月寵愛(ài)的嫩蕊作踐， And summers lease hath all too short a date: 夏天出賃的期限又未免太短： 2021/6/16 14 Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, 天上的眼睛有時(shí)照得太酷烈， And often is
15、 his gold complexion dimmed, 它那炳耀的金顏又常遭掩蔽： And every fair from fair sometime declines, 被機(jī)緣或無(wú)常的天道所摧折， By chance, or natures changing course untrimmed沒(méi)有芳艷不終于雕殘或銷(xiāo)毀。 2021/6/16 15 But thy eternal summer shall not fade, 但是你的長(zhǎng)夏永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)雕落， Nor lose possession of that fair thou owst, 也不會(huì)損失你這皎潔的紅芳， Nor shall deat
16、h brag thou wandrest in his shade, 或死神夸口你在他影里漂泊， When in eternal lines to time thou growst, 當(dāng)你在不朽的詩(shī)里與時(shí)同長(zhǎng)。 So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, 只要一天有人類(lèi)，或人有眼睛， So long lives this, and this gives life to thee. 這詩(shī)將長(zhǎng)存，并且賜給你生命。 2021/6/16 16 Theme A profound meditation on the destructive power of time and the eternal beauty brought forth by poetry to the one he loves. A nice summers day is usually transient, but the beauty in poetry can last forever. Thus Shakespeare has a faith in the permanence of poetry. 若有不當(dāng)之處，請(qǐng)指正，謝謝！
莎士比亞十四行詩(shī)Sonnet18 ppt
