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1、專業(yè)好文檔 經(jīng)濟(jì)師考試《中級(jí)經(jīng)濟(jì)基礎(chǔ)》科目考前復(fù)習(xí)指導(dǎo)：統(tǒng)計(jì)指數(shù)篇 重點(diǎn)、難點(diǎn)講解及典型例題 考點(diǎn)一　指數(shù)的概念和分類 　　狹義地講，指數(shù)是用于測(cè)定多個(gè)項(xiàng)目在不同場(chǎng)合下綜合變動(dòng)的一種特殊相對(duì)數(shù)。目前普遍應(yīng)用的是加權(quán)指數(shù)。 　　【例1多選題】按照計(jì)入指數(shù)的項(xiàng)目多少不同，指數(shù)分為(　　)。A.加權(quán)指數(shù)B.簡(jiǎn)單指數(shù)C.個(gè)體指數(shù)D.質(zhì)量指數(shù)E.綜合指數(shù)【答案】CE【解析】本題考查指數(shù)的分類。按照計(jì)入指數(shù)的項(xiàng)目多少不同，指數(shù)分為個(gè)體指數(shù)和綜合指數(shù)。【例2單選題】下列指數(shù)中屬于質(zhì)量指數(shù)的是(　　)。培訓(xùn)搜px.wangxiao.so培訓(xùn)網(wǎng)提示您A.商品銷售額指數(shù)B.股票價(jià)格指數(shù)C.商品銷售量

2、指數(shù)D.產(chǎn)品產(chǎn)量指數(shù)【答案】B【解析】本題考查指數(shù)的分類。質(zhì)量指數(shù)反映事物質(zhì)量的變動(dòng)水平，如價(jià)格指數(shù)、產(chǎn)品成本指數(shù)等。所以選項(xiàng)B屬于質(zhì)量指數(shù)。 考點(diǎn)二　加權(quán)綜合指數(shù) 　　加權(quán)綜合指數(shù)是通過(guò)加權(quán)來(lái)測(cè)定一組項(xiàng)目的綜合變動(dòng)情況。 　　【例3單選題】下列各項(xiàng)中，屬于帕氏數(shù)量指數(shù)的是(　　)。 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　【答案】C 　　【解析】本題考查帕氏質(zhì)量指數(shù)和數(shù)量指數(shù)的一般計(jì)算公式。分別是： 　　 　　【例4.單選題】下列各項(xiàng)中，屬于拉氏物價(jià)指數(shù)的是(　　)。 　　 　　 　　 　　 　　【答案】B 　　【解析】本題考查拉

3、氏質(zhì)量指數(shù)和數(shù)量指數(shù)的一般計(jì)算公式。分別是： 　　 考點(diǎn)三　指數(shù)體系 　　 　　【例5單選題】某企業(yè)2009年的工資總額比2008年上升了20%，職工平均人數(shù)比2008年下降了10%，則2009年的職工平均工資比2008年(　　)。 　　A.上升30% 　　B.上升33.3% 　　C.上升40% 　　D.下降30% 　　【答案】B 　　【解析】本題考查指數(shù)體系的分析與應(yīng)用。 　　 　　【例6單選題】某企業(yè)總生產(chǎn)費(fèi)用今年比去年上升50%，產(chǎn)量增加25%，則單位成本提高了(　　)。 　　A.25% 　　B.20% 　　C.2% 　　D.87.5% 　　

4、【答案】B 　　 　　【例7多選題】某商場(chǎng)2008年的總銷售額為86000元，2009年為90000元，商品價(jià)格上漲10%，與 　　2008年相比，則(　　)。 　　A.商品銷售量指數(shù)為95.14% 　　B.總銷售額指數(shù)為104.65% 　　C由于價(jià)格上漲使總銷售額增加了8182元 　　D.由于商品銷售量下降使總銷售額減少了8182元 　　E.總銷售額增加4000元 　　【答案】ABCE 　　【解析】本題考查指數(shù)體系的分析與應(yīng)用。 　　 考點(diǎn)四　幾種常用的價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　(一)零售價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　我國(guó)編制的價(jià)格指數(shù)中，與人民生活關(guān)系最為密切的是商品零售價(jià)格指數(shù)和

5、居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)。 　　我國(guó)零售商品價(jià)格指數(shù)編制中的主要問(wèn)題包括： 　　(1)代表規(guī)格品的選擇。 　　在編制價(jià)格指數(shù)時(shí)，只能選擇部分具有代表性的商品。 　　(2)典型地隧的選擇。 　　典型地區(qū)的選擇既要考慮代表性，也要注意類型上的多樣性以及地區(qū)分布上的合理性和穩(wěn)定性。 　　(3)商品價(jià)格的確定。 　　對(duì)所選代表性商品使用的足全社會(huì)綜合平均價(jià)。 　　(4)權(quán)數(shù)的確定。 　　我國(guó)目前的零售價(jià)格總指數(shù)足采用加權(quán)算術(shù)平均形式計(jì)算的，其權(quán)數(shù)是根據(jù)上年商品零售額資料，并根據(jù)當(dāng)年住戶調(diào)查資料予以調(diào)整后確定的。 　　(5)指數(shù)的汁算。 　　從1985年1月起，我國(guó)開(kāi)始采用部分商品平均價(jià)格

6、法計(jì)算全社會(huì)商品零售價(jià)格總指數(shù)。其計(jì)算公式為： 　　 　　式中，k為個(gè)體指數(shù)或各層的類指數(shù)，w為各層零售額比重權(quán)數(shù)。 　　【例8多選題】我國(guó)目前編制的價(jià)格指數(shù)中，與人民生活關(guān)系最為密切的是(　　)。 　　A.農(nóng)業(yè)生產(chǎn)資料價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　B.商品零售價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　C.固定資產(chǎn)投資價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　D.居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　E.農(nóng)產(chǎn)品收購(gòu)價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　【答案】BD 　　【解析】本題考查價(jià)格指數(shù)。與人民生活關(guān)系最為密切的是商品零售價(jià)格指數(shù)和居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)。 　　(二)消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)——我國(guó)稱為居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　1.概念 　　居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)是反映一定時(shí)期內(nèi)城鄉(xiāng)居民所購(gòu)買的

7、生活消費(fèi)品價(jià)格和服務(wù)項(xiàng)目?jī)r(jià)格的變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)和程度的一種相對(duì)數(shù)。 　　居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)可就城鄉(xiāng)分別編制城市居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)和農(nóng)村居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)，也可就全社會(huì)編制全國(guó)居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格總指數(shù)。 　　2.作用 　　(1)能夠反映城鄉(xiāng)居民所購(gòu)買的生活消費(fèi)品價(jià)格和服務(wù)項(xiàng)目?jī)r(jià)格的變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)和程度。 　　(2)能夠反映通貨膨脹的狀況。 　　通貨膨脹的嚴(yán)重程度一般用通貨膨脹率來(lái)反映，通貨膨脹率一般以居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)來(lái)表示。其計(jì)算公式為： 　　 　　(3)反映貨幣購(gòu)買力變動(dòng)。 　　貨幣購(gòu)買力是指單位貨幣能夠購(gòu)買到的消費(fèi)品和服務(wù)的數(shù)量。居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)的倒數(shù)就是貨幣購(gòu)買力指數(shù)，其計(jì)算公式為： 　　

8、 　　(4)反映對(duì)職工實(shí)際工資的影響。 　　利用消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)可以將名義工資轉(zhuǎn)化為實(shí)際工資，其計(jì)算公式為： 　　 　　【例9單選題】某地居民的消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)為105%，則當(dāng)?shù)氐呢泿刨?gòu)買力指數(shù)為(　　)。 　　A.5% 　　B.20% 　　C.95.2% 　　D.102% 　　【答案】C 　　【解析】本題考查貨幣購(gòu)買力指數(shù)的計(jì)算。貨幣購(gòu)買力指數(shù)=1/居民消費(fèi)價(jià)格指數(shù)=1/105%=95.2%。 　　(三)股票價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　1.股票價(jià)格的影響因素及公式 　　正常情況下，股票價(jià)格通常與兩個(gè)直接因素相關(guān)：預(yù)期股息和銀行存款利息率。 　　 　　2.股價(jià)平均數(shù) 　　股價(jià)

9、平均數(shù)是股票市場(chǎng)上多種股票在某一時(shí)點(diǎn)上的算術(shù)平均值，一般以收盤價(jià)來(lái)計(jì)算。其計(jì)算公式為： 　　 　　式中，Pi為第i種股票的收盤價(jià)，n為樣本股票數(shù)。 　　因股票市場(chǎng)上股票交易品種繁多，股價(jià)平均數(shù)(股票價(jià)格指數(shù)也一樣)只能就樣本股票來(lái)計(jì)算。但所 　　選擇的樣本股票必須具有代表性和敏感性。 　　3.股票價(jià)格指數(shù) 　　股票價(jià)格指數(shù)是反映某一股祭市場(chǎng)上多種股票價(jià)格變動(dòng)趨勢(shì)的一種相對(duì)數(shù)，簡(jiǎn)稱股價(jià)指數(shù)，其單位一般以“點(diǎn)”表忝.即將基期指數(shù)作為100，每上升或下降一個(gè)單位稱為“1點(diǎn)”。 　　股票價(jià)格指數(shù)的計(jì)算一般以發(fā)行量為權(quán)數(shù)進(jìn)行加權(quán)。 　　【例10單選題】某人購(gòu)買了上市公司股票1000股

10、，每股票面金額10元，預(yù)期每年可以獲6%的股息，而當(dāng)時(shí)銀行存款的年利率為5%，貸款利率為6%，如果沒(méi)有其他因素影響，一年后此人購(gòu)買的每股股票價(jià)格是(　　)元。 　　A.5 　　B.8 　　C.10 　　D.12 　　【答案】D 　　【解析】本題考查股票價(jià)格的計(jì)算。每股股票價(jià)格=106%/5%=12(元)。 Winger Tuivasa-Sheck, who scored two tries in the Kiwis 20-18 semi-final win over England, has been passed fit after a lower-leg injury, w

11、hile Slater has been named at full-back but is still recovering from a knee injury aggravated against USA. Both sides boast 100% records heading into the encounter but Australia have not conceded a try since Josh Charnleys effort in their first pool match against England on the opening day. Aussie

12、 winger Jarryd Hayne is the competitions top try scorer with nine, closely followed by Tuivasa-Sheck with eight. But it is recently named Rugby League International Federation player of the year Sonny Bill Williams who has attracted the most interest in the tournament so far. The Kiwi - with a tou

13、rnament high 17 offloads - has the chance of becoming the first player to win the World Cup in both rugby league and rugby union after triumphing with the All Blacks in 2011. "Id give every award back in a heartbeat just to get across the line this weekend," said Williams.The (lack of) air up there

14、 Watch mCayman Islands-based Webb, the head of Fifas anti-racism taskforce, is in London for the Football Associations 150th anniversary celebrations and will attend Citys Premier League match at Chelsea on Sunday. "I am going to be at the match tomorrow and I have asked to meet Yaya Toure," he t

15、old BBC Sport. "For me its about how he felt and I would like to speak to him first to find out what his experience was." Uefa hasopened disciplinary proceedings against CSKAfor the "racist behaviour of their fans" duringCitys 2-1 win. Michel Platini, president of European footballs governing bod

16、y, has also ordered an immediate investigation into the referees actions. CSKA said they were "surprised and disappointed" by Toures complaint. In a statement the Russian side added: "We found no racist insults from fans of CSKA." Baumgartner the disappointing news: Mission aborted. The superson

17、ic descent could happen as early as Sunda. The weather plays an important role in this mission. Starting at the ground, conditions have to be very calm -- winds less than 2 mph, with no precipitation or humidity and limited cloud cover. The balloon, with capsule attached, will move through the lowe

18、r level of the atmosphere (the troposphere) where our day-to-day weather lives. It will climb higher than the tip of Mount Everest (5.5 miles/8.85 kilometers), drifting even higher than the cruising altitude of commercial airliners (5.6 miles/9.17 kilometers) and into the stratosphere. As he crosses

19、 the boundary layer (called the tropopause),e can expect a lot of turbulence. The balloon will slowly drift to the edge of space at 120,000 feet ( Then, I would assume, he will slowly step out onto something resembling an Olympic diving platform. They blew it in 2008 when they got caug

20、ht cold in the final and they will not make the same mistake against the Kiwis in Manchester. Five years ago they cruised through to the final and so far history has repeated itself here - the last try they conceded was scored by Englands Josh Charnley in the opening game of the tournament. That c

21、ould be classed as a weakness, a team under-cooked - but I have been impressed by the Kangaroos focus in their games since then. They have been concentrating on the sort of stuff that wins you tough, even contests - strong defence, especially on their own goal-line, completing sets and a good kick-

22、chase. Theyve been great at all the unglamorous stuff that often goes unnoticed in the stands but not by your team-mates. It is as though their entire tournament has been preparation for the final. In Johnathan Thurston, Cooper Cronk, Cameron Smith and either Billy Slater or Greg Inglis at full-ba

23、ck they have a spine that is unmatched in rugby league. They have played in so many high-pressure games - a priceless asset going into Saturday. The Kiwis are a lot less experienced but winning a dramatic match like their semi-final against England will do wonders for their confidence. They defeated Australia in the Four Nations final in 2010 and the last World Cup, and know they can rise to the big occasion.