橋梁施工中軟土地基施工技術(shù)的應(yīng)用研究中英文翻譯

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1、 橋梁施工中軟土地基施工技術(shù)的應(yīng)用研究 中英文翻譯 Bridge construction of soft soil foundation construction technology application research on Chinese and English translation 關(guān)鍵詞：軟土地基，施工技術(shù)，橋梁 Key words: soft soil foundation, construction techniques, and Bridges 摘要：橋梁是一個(gè)國(guó)家通往成功之路的重要標(biāo)志性建筑物。目前，我國(guó)在橋梁的建筑施工方面還存在著一定的問(wèn)題。我國(guó)的

2、橋梁施工人員在橋梁施工當(dāng)中遇到的主要問(wèn)題為怎樣在軟土地基上進(jìn)行橋梁的施工。軟土地基主要以壓縮低量較高軟弱土層和強(qiáng)度較低的兩種軟弱土層相組成的，所以要在這種軟土地基上面架設(shè)橋梁，對(duì)于橋梁施工人員來(lái)說(shuō)是一個(gè)較為嚴(yán)重的問(wèn)題。 Abstract: the bridge is a national important landmark building of the road to success. At present, our country the construction of the bridge construction still exist some problems. Bridge

3、construction personnel in the middle of the bridge construction in our country the main problems is how to bridge construction in soft soil foundation. Mainly soft soil foundation with low levels of high compression strength of soft soil layer and the lower phase composition of two weak soil, so be

4、on the soft soil foundation, build a bridge for bridge construction personnel is a relatively serious problem. 我國(guó)在現(xiàn)代橋梁建設(shè)當(dāng)中，面對(duì)軟土地基方面的問(wèn)題會(huì)經(jīng)常遇到。橋梁施工當(dāng)中，軟土地基對(duì)橋梁施工作業(yè)有著較大的影響，在這方面上一定要特別注意橋梁樁基礎(chǔ)的施工過(guò)程，對(duì)其采取有效的技術(shù)處理，如果在這方面沒(méi)有處理好，那會(huì)影響到整個(gè)橋梁施工的成本、進(jìn)度、安全和質(zhì)量問(wèn)題的存在。在進(jìn)行橋梁施工之前，施工者要對(duì)軟土地基有著一定的認(rèn)識(shí)與了解，然后采取合理、有效、科學(xué)方面的技術(shù)措施，這樣做得目的

5、可以保證橋梁的安全穩(wěn)定性和質(zhì)量性。以下是對(duì)軟土地基施工的技術(shù)在橋梁施工中的應(yīng)用、措施、和問(wèn)題方面的分析： Among the modern bridge construction in our country, facing the problems often encountered in soft soil. Bridge construction, soft soil has important effects on the construction of the bridge, the graces must pay special attention to the construc

6、tion process of the bridge pile foundation, to take effective technical processing, if there is no handle in this respect, it will affect the whole bridge construction cost, schedule, safety and quality issues. Before the bridge construction, the builders want to have a certain understanding on soft

7、 soil foundation and understanding, and then take reasonable, effective and scientific aspects of the technical measures, such doing can ensure the safety of the bridge stability and quality. Below is the construction of soft soil foundation of technology application in the bridge construction, meas

8、ures, and the analysis of the problems: 一、在軟土地基施工當(dāng)中應(yīng)該注意的問(wèn)題 One, the problems should be noticed in the construction of soft soil foundation 隨著我國(guó)社會(huì)經(jīng)濟(jì)快速發(fā)展的步伐，我國(guó)在橋梁方面的需求日益增多。因?yàn)榇蠖鄶?shù)地區(qū)有軟土基地的存在而影響了施工工程的進(jìn)度，所以在進(jìn)行橋梁工程建筑的時(shí)，一定要對(duì)橋梁建筑區(qū)域的工程地質(zhì)進(jìn)行勘測(cè)。讓所有的施工人員對(duì)橋梁工程的工程地質(zhì)有全面的了解，從而制定科學(xué)并且合理的橋梁施工技術(shù)方案。在橋梁樁基礎(chǔ)的施工中。施工技術(shù)人員必須

9、要對(duì)軟土地基的柔軟度、穩(wěn)定、變形等進(jìn)行科學(xué)合理的計(jì)算過(guò)程。這樣可以避免和減少橋梁樁基礎(chǔ)在施工當(dāng)中開(kāi)裂、傾斜、位移、失穩(wěn)和沉降等造成的安全、質(zhì)量問(wèn)題。 As the pace of our social economy rapid development, the growing demand for Bridges in our country. Because most areas have the existence of the soft soil base and affected the construction progress, so in the bridge enginee

10、ring construction, must be done to bridge construction area engineering geology reconnaissance. All construction personnel have comprehensive knowledge of bridge project of engineering geology, so as to formulate scientific and reasonable bridge construction technology scheme. During the constructio

11、n of bridge pile foundation. Construction technical personnel must be on the flexibility, stability and deformation of soft soil foundation, such as scientific and reasonable calculation process. So that you can avoid and reduce the crack of bridge pile foundation in the construction, inclination an

12、d displacement, instability and sedimentation caused by the safety and quality issues. 二、軟土地基施工技術(shù)在橋梁施工的措施 Second, the construction technology of soft soil foundation in bridge construction measures 在軟土地基區(qū)域建設(shè)橋梁工程的時(shí)候，因?yàn)闃痘A(chǔ)方面的埋置比較深，所以當(dāng)軟土地基被深入穿過(guò)時(shí)，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致軟土地基出現(xiàn)沉降方面的現(xiàn)象，尤其要在橋頭和路堤的連接處注意樁基礎(chǔ)沉降的問(wèn)題。當(dāng)發(fā)現(xiàn)樁基礎(chǔ)出現(xiàn)沉

13、降問(wèn)題時(shí)，一定要及時(shí)采取相應(yīng)有效的技術(shù)措施，如果不能對(duì)其及時(shí)采取相應(yīng)的技術(shù)措施，會(huì)對(duì)橋梁工程的安全性、抗震性、穩(wěn)定性產(chǎn)生重要的影響。進(jìn)行軟土地基施工時(shí)，機(jī)械設(shè)備的選擇尤為重要，選擇機(jī)械設(shè)備時(shí)一定要注意機(jī)械設(shè)備的安全性、經(jīng)濟(jì)性、實(shí)用性。當(dāng)開(kāi)始對(duì)軟土地基進(jìn)行處理的時(shí)候，一定要提前對(duì)地質(zhì)方面進(jìn)行實(shí)地考察之后才可以進(jìn)行處理。 Bridge engineering in soft soil area construction, because of the pile foundation embedment of more deep, so when thoroughly through the so

14、ft soil foundation, it could lead to the settlement of soft soil foundation in aspects of the phenomenon, especially must pay attention to in the joint of the bridge and embankment settlement of pile foundation. When found the pile foundation subsidence problems, must adopt corresponding effective t

15、echnical measures in time, if not for the corresponding technical measures are taken in time, for the safety of the bridge engineering, earthquake resistance and stability have a major impact. For soft soil foundation construction, machinery and equipment choice is particularly important when select

16、ing equipment must pay attention to the safety of the machinery and equipment, economy and practicability. When you start to deal with soft soil foundation, must advance after on-the-spot investigation on geological aspects can be processed. 三、軟土地基施工技術(shù)在橋梁施工中的應(yīng)用 Three, the construction technology

17、of soft soil foundation is applied in bridge construction 本文對(duì)某項(xiàng)橋梁工程選取為列，對(duì)軟土地基施工技術(shù)在橋梁施工中的應(yīng)用進(jìn)行了簡(jiǎn)要分析。橋梁長(zhǎng)度為4千米，共有576根樁基礎(chǔ)，樁基礎(chǔ)最深的深處為70米，最淺為45米。在進(jìn)行橋梁工程前，相關(guān)技術(shù)人員根據(jù)地質(zhì)資料和探測(cè)結(jié)果對(duì)其判定，橋梁施工區(qū)域大部分土地為軟土地基，而橋梁區(qū)域的軟土主要是由風(fēng)化巖石層、中細(xì)砂土層、軟弱土層和粘性土層組成的。 Selected in this paper, a bridge project as the column, the construction t

18、echnology of soft soil foundation application in bridge construction are analyzed in brief. Length is 4 km bridge, a total of 576 root pile foundation, pile foundation, the deepest depths of 70 meters, the most shallow to 45 meters. Before in bridge engineering, related technical personnel according

19、 to the geological data and detecting result to the judge, bridge construction area most of the land for the soft soil foundation, and the bridge in the area of soft soil mainly consist of weathering layers, composed of fine sand soil, soft soil and cohesive soil. 1、軟土地基施工中的鉆機(jī)選擇 1, the drilling m

20、achine selection in soft soil foundation construction 鉆機(jī)的種類可分為：沖擊鉆機(jī)、旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)、長(zhǎng)螺旋干挖鉆機(jī)、非開(kāi)挖鉆機(jī)、深層攪拌鉆機(jī)、粉噴鉆機(jī)，在選擇鉆機(jī)的時(shí)候可以根據(jù)施工技術(shù)人員的施工經(jīng)驗(yàn)和工程地質(zhì)的勘測(cè)結(jié)果進(jìn)行選擇。一般施工技術(shù)人員會(huì)在上部土層使用旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)進(jìn)行施工鉆探，而對(duì)下部的土層會(huì)使用沖擊鉆進(jìn)行施工。旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)的使用分析有三點(diǎn)：第一，旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)的機(jī)能是放在自行移動(dòng)履帶式安裝地盤上的，可以讓跟樁之間的移動(dòng)進(jìn)行的比較簡(jiǎn)單、快速，整個(gè)過(guò)程只需要簡(jiǎn)短的幾分鐘就可以完成，這一點(diǎn)在施工工期上節(jié)約了比較多的時(shí)間。第二，因旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)的地盤可以伸縮和自

21、動(dòng)調(diào)整，所以關(guān)于鉆機(jī)的深度問(wèn)題、塔的垂直問(wèn)題都可以通過(guò)操作面板的顯示進(jìn)行操作。第三，旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)形成鉆孔和鉆進(jìn)的速度時(shí)間會(huì)比較短，旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)可以根據(jù)土層的結(jié)構(gòu)來(lái)選擇合適的鉆頭進(jìn)行施工。沖擊鉆的使用分析：在旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)對(duì)石層、土層的分界完成時(shí)，要把旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)及時(shí)移動(dòng)到下一個(gè)樁位，再對(duì)沖擊鉆進(jìn)行配合，到達(dá)指定位置。因在施工過(guò)程中會(huì)遇到風(fēng)華巖石層，其風(fēng)華巖石層的堅(jiān)硬度比較大，而旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)的沖擊力不如沖擊鉆的沖擊速度，所以旋轉(zhuǎn)鉆機(jī)要和沖擊鉆進(jìn)行配合，沖擊鉆可以加快施工的速度。 Drill types can be divided into: the impact drill, rotary drilling ri

22、g, long spiral dry drill, trenchless drill, deep mixing drilling machine, powder spray drill, in choosing a drilling machine can according to the construction technology of construction experience and engineering geological survey results. General construction technical personnel will be in the uppe

23、r soil layer using rotary drilling rig for construction, and construction on the lower soil layer will use percussion drill. Rotary drilling rig USES analysis of three things: first, the function of the rotary drilling rig is put to mobile crawler turf installation, can make between the pile and the

24、 simple comparison of the mobile, fast, the entire process takes only a short few minutes to complete, it saves more time on construction period. Second, because of rotary drilling rig site to scale and automatic adjustment, so the questions about the depth of the drill, vertical problem of the towe

25、r can be operated by the display of the operation panel. Third, rotary drilling rig formation drilling and drilling speed time is short, rotary drilling rig can be according to the structure of the soil to select suitable drill bit for the construction. The use of percussion drill analysis: in rotar

26、y drilling rig of rock layer and soil layer boundary is complete, the rotary drilling rig move to the next pile location in time, cooperate with percussion drill, to arrive at the specified location. Because in construction process will encounter elegance rock, its elegance and rock stiffness is big

27、ger, and the impact of the rotary drilling rig as impact velocity of impact drill, rotary drilling rig so should cooperate with percussion drill, impact drill can accelerate the speed of construction. 2、對(duì)橋梁施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)的施工場(chǎng)地進(jìn)行平整 2, the construction site of the bridge construction site for flat and level

28、 因?yàn)槭┕がF(xiàn)場(chǎng)是在軟土地基進(jìn)行的施工，所以為了保證施工的質(zhì)量和效率，要對(duì)施工場(chǎng)地進(jìn)行平整。因?yàn)檐浲恋鼗某休d能力有限，而安裝在軟土地基上面的鉆機(jī)因?yàn)闄C(jī)械的重量問(wèn)題，可能會(huì)讓軟土地基出現(xiàn)下沉現(xiàn)象，從而造成鉆機(jī)的偏移和鉆樁位偏移。在施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)平整當(dāng)中，要對(duì)軟土基地的實(shí)質(zhì)情況進(jìn)行施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)平整，施工人員要對(duì)施工區(qū)域的雜草進(jìn)行清除，然后再用小于或等于60cm的碎石頭進(jìn)行壓實(shí)工作，來(lái)保證鉆機(jī)底座的狀態(tài)處于平穩(wěn)。 Because the construction site is in the soft soil foundation construction, so in order to ensure c

29、onstruction quality and efficiency, to the construction site to level off. Because of the limited bearing capacity of soft soil foundation, installed in the soft soil above the weight of the drill for mechanical problems, is likely to appear in soft soil subsidence phenomenon, resulting in the devia

30、tion of drilling rig and drilling pile location deviation. In construction site is flat and level, to the essence of the soft soil base situation of the construction site is flat and level, construction personnel have to be clear the construction area of the weed, next reoccupy is equal to or less t

31、han 60 cm, the broken stone compaction work to ensure that the state of the rig substructure is stable. 3、用鉆機(jī)鉆工的注意事項(xiàng) 3, use drill rig hands matters needing attention 對(duì)施工現(xiàn)場(chǎng)進(jìn)行鉆工時(shí)，要注意3個(gè)小點(diǎn)：一是，要在樁基礎(chǔ)的混凝土在澆筑完成二十四小時(shí)之后才可以進(jìn)行鉆孔工作。二是，在開(kāi)始進(jìn)行鉆孔工程時(shí)，一定要對(duì)尺度、速度控制好，避免出現(xiàn)塌孔現(xiàn)象。所謂的塌孔現(xiàn)象指的是：在進(jìn)行鉆孔工作時(shí)因?yàn)闆](méi)有注意好鉆機(jī)速度和技巧方面的問(wèn)題而導(dǎo)

32、致塌孔現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生。三是，因?yàn)樯车[風(fēng)華巖石層的土層比較堅(jiān)硬，所以在鉆孔進(jìn)行深度到達(dá)沙礫風(fēng)華巖石層和粘土的時(shí)，會(huì)對(duì)鉆頭造成跳動(dòng)的影響，因此，一定要選擇抵擋慢速的鉆孔速度進(jìn)行鉆孔工作。 To driller on the construction site, pay attention to three small points: one is that to finish in pile foundation concrete pouring can drilling work after 24 hours. 2 it is, at the start of drilling engineeri

33、ng, must be good to scale, speed control, avoid even the appearance of hole collapse. So-called hole collapse phenomenon refers to: in the work because they didnt pay attention to the well drilling speed and drilling technique problems have led to the collapse hole. Station three is, because of sand

34、 layers of the soil is hard, so arrive in gravel drilling deep weathering rock and clay, would beat the effects on the drill bit, therefore, must choose against drilling work slow drilling speed. 4、對(duì)鉆孔進(jìn)行清理的工作 4, to the drilling work to clean 在清孔過(guò)程中主要是用換漿法進(jìn)行清孔工作。在鉆機(jī)完成鉆孔工作時(shí)，用密度比價(jià)低的泥漿對(duì)其進(jìn)行施壓，從而把鉆孔里

35、面的鉆渣和密度較大的泥漿替換出來(lái)，清孔過(guò)程中要隨時(shí)注意孔底的情況，因?yàn)楸緲蛄汗こ痰臉痘A(chǔ)比較深，所以在進(jìn)行清孔工作的時(shí)候一定要仔細(xì)、小心。 In the process of hole cleaning method is mainly used in pulp for hole cleaning work. To finish drilling rig, using low density parity of mud pressure, so as to put the inside of the hole drilling slag and denser slurry replaceme

36、nt, in the process of hole cleaning will keep an eye on the bottom of the hole, because the bridge engineering of pile foundation is more deep, so the hole cleaning work must be careful, be careful. 5、混凝土的澆筑和深樁鋼筋籠的制作 5, concrete pouring and deep pile reinforcing cage 因?yàn)楸緲蛄汗こ痰臉蜷L(zhǎng)相對(duì)較大，所以在制作鋼筋籠的時(shí)候，

37、一定要對(duì)圖紙方面進(jìn)行嚴(yán)格設(shè)計(jì)，制作工程中要注意鋼筋籠的焊接、對(duì)接，每根鋼筋都要對(duì)準(zhǔn)中心，鋼筋的接法要采用雙面焊接法進(jìn)行焊接工作。焊接完成之后技術(shù)人員要對(duì)其進(jìn)行檢查，這樣做的目的是為了防止施工工程中出現(xiàn)焊接不達(dá)標(biāo)、漏焊等現(xiàn)象?；炷凉仓ぷ饕鶕?jù)本工程的設(shè)計(jì)方案進(jìn)行澆筑工作，一般鉆孔樁使用的混凝土都是C 25型的，在進(jìn)行澆筑工作之前要使用導(dǎo)管進(jìn)行攪拌過(guò)程，這樣可以減少泥漿的沉淀。當(dāng)清孔工作完成時(shí)，一定要對(duì)孔底的泥漿沉淀厚度進(jìn)行檢查，對(duì)其進(jìn)行判斷，看是否能達(dá)到混凝土澆筑方面的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。因?yàn)楸緲蛄汗こ痰纳顦痘A(chǔ)比較多，所以施工人員應(yīng)該要在混凝土澆筑的工作上盡量把時(shí)間減少，還要注意保持混凝土結(jié)構(gòu)的一致性、連

38、續(xù)性。 Because this bridge engineering of bridge is opposite bigger, so in the production of reinforcing cage, must strictly on drawing part of the design, should pay attention to in production engineering of reinforcing cage welding, butt, every root reinforcement should be aimed at center, reinforci

39、ng steel bar connection to use double-sided welding for welding work. After completion of welding technology personnel to the inspection, the aim is to prevent welding does not amount to mark in the engineering construction, leakage phenomenon such as welding. Concrete pouring work according to the

40、engineering design of casting work, general drilling pile with concrete is type C 25, before pouring work to use the tube for mixing process, so that can reduce mud precipitation. When the hole cleaning work is done, be sure to check for the sludge thickness of the bottom of the hole, to judge, look

41、 to whether can reached the standard of concrete pouring in. Because the bridge engineering of deep pile foundation is more, so the construction personnel should try to reduce the time on the concrete pouring work, also pay attention to keep consistency, continuity of the concrete structure. 結(jié)束語(yǔ)：

42、 Conclusion: 目前，我國(guó)應(yīng)該在軟土地基施工技術(shù)在橋梁施工中的應(yīng)用是相對(duì)而言比較不完善的，相關(guān)部門和技術(shù)人員應(yīng)該對(duì)其加強(qiáng)實(shí)踐、研究。一個(gè)完善的軟土地基施工技術(shù)在橋梁施工中的應(yīng)用可以直接影響到，橋梁項(xiàng)目工程的安全性和質(zhì)量。所以相關(guān)部門和相關(guān)人員必須對(duì)施工技術(shù)的應(yīng)用、設(shè)計(jì)進(jìn)行探討和研究，也可對(duì)以往的施工技術(shù)經(jīng)驗(yàn)進(jìn)行結(jié)合，從而可以不斷的完善施工方面技術(shù)，來(lái)達(dá)到工程項(xiàng)目的建設(shè)目標(biāo)和加快施工時(shí)間。 At present, our country should be in soft soil foundation construction technology application in

43、 the bridge construction is relatively inadequate, related departments and technical personnel should strengthen the practice and research on it. A perfect construction technology of soft soil foundation can directly affects its application in bridge construction, the safety of the bridge project en

44、gineering and quality. So relevant departments and relevant personnel must to discuss the application of construction technology, design and research, also can be combined on previous experience in construction technology, in order to constantly improve the construction technology, to achieve the construction goal of the project and speed up the construction time.