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1、狀語從句狀語從句 狀語從句是一個句子充當(dāng)另一個句子的狀語，表示主句動作發(fā)生的時間、條件、原因、方式、結(jié)果、目的等等。狀語從句是歷年高考題的重點、難點。命題一般是考查學(xué)生連詞的掌握情況，根據(jù)兩個句子的意思，判斷兩個句子之間的邏輯關(guān)系，選擇合適的連詞。常見的狀語從句有九大類。一、時間狀語從句1when, as與while表示時間when既可表示“一段時間”(與持續(xù)性動詞連用)，又可表示“時間點”(與瞬間動詞連用)；when可作并列連詞，意為“這(那)時”。while只表示“一段時間”，只與持續(xù)性動詞連用，while可表示對比轉(zhuǎn)折，有“然而”之意。as用法同when相似，但側(cè)重主句和從句動作發(fā)生的同
2、時性，可譯作“隨著”，“一邊一邊”。I fell asleep when/as/while he was doing his exercises.When/As he arrived in Shanghai, she met him at the station.I was about to go out when it began to rain.I like tea while she likes coffee.As spring warms the earth, all flowers begin to bloom.2. before 引導(dǎo)的從句中謂語動詞不可用否定式，意為“在之前；還沒
3、來得及；(之后)才”I had felt hungry before I arrived home.我還沒到家就覺得餓了。(在到家之前覺得餓)She left the office before I could say sorry to her.我還沒來得及向她道歉，她就離開了辦公室。(在我能夠說抱歉之前，她就離開了辦公室)It was a long time before I got to sleep again.很長時間以后我才又睡著了。3. since 從句中的動詞不同，起算的時間也不同。since瞬間動詞的過去式，從該動作發(fā)生時算起；since持續(xù)性動詞的過去式，從該動作結(jié)束時算起。H
4、e had worked hard since entered the factory.(enter為瞬間動詞，從他入廠以來)We havent seen each other since I worked in the factory.(work為持續(xù)性動詞，從我不在工廠以來)4till/until 用于肯定句時，須和持續(xù)性動詞連用，表示“直到為止”，用于否定句時和瞬間動詞連用，表示“直到才”。till 與until句型在多數(shù)情況下可通用。但在句首時不可用till；在It is/was not untilthat 強調(diào)句型中及not until放句首時，一般不可用till。I worked
5、till/until he came back.He didnt go to bed until/till eleven oclock.It was not until I came back that he went to bed.Not until then did I realize the importance of learning English.5as soon as/ immediately/ the moment/the minute/ the second 表示“一就”She gave a ring to her parents immediately she landed
6、 in Japan.6no soonerthan/ hardlywhen剛就 (注意：主句時態(tài)用had done；從句用did)She had no sooner left the office than the telephone rang.We had no sooner had supper than we began to repair the machine.No sooner had we had supper than we began to repair the machine.7every time 每當(dāng)，每次；the first time 第一次時候，next time 下
7、次時。Every time I see the film, I cant help recalling my childhood in the countryside.Call me earlier next time you come to Shanghai.二、條件狀語從句常見連詞：if(如果)/ unless(除非)/ once(一旦)/ as(so) long as(只要)/ on condition that(條件是)/provided/ providing that(假若)/suppose/ supposing that(倘若)Suppose/Supposing(that) the
8、y refuse us, who else can we turn to for help?三、原因狀語從句1because, since和as 表示的語氣強弱不同。because 表示直接原因，語氣最強；since表示顯然的或已知的理由或事實，常譯成“既然”；as用于說明原因，語氣較弱，著重點在主句，常譯成“由于”。注意下列情況下只用because：回答why的問題時用作表語從句時在強調(diào)句中強調(diào)原因時連詞前有only, just, simply等修飾時。2for 是并列連詞，引導(dǎo)的句子表示一種推理或解釋，或附加說明。一般不能置于句首。for表示因果關(guān)系時，可與because互換，但for前須
9、用逗號。It may have rained last night, for the ground is wet.3. now that 與since/as同義， 通常表示用新出現(xiàn)的情況作為原因。Now that you feel sick, you can have a rest in bed.4. when既然(有輕微的責(zé)備口吻)Why do you want to find a new job when you have a good job already?How can I help them when they never listen to me?5. in that從句“在于”
10、His request is unreasonable in that he knows we cant afford it.四、結(jié)果狀語從句常見連詞：so that/sothat/suchthat“如此以至于”。要牢記下面的幾個句型。1. so adj./ adv. thatThe box is so heavy that I cant carry it.2. Soadj.a/an n. thatShe is so beautiful a girl that all the boys of our class like her.3. Somany/few/much/little(少) n(不
11、可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))thatThere is so little water that you cant drink.4. sucha/an adj. n thatShe is such a good girl that she can help you.5. Suchadj. n(不可數(shù)名詞或可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù))thatThey are such lovely children. 【注意】that 后面必須跟上完整的句子，即必須要有完整的主語、謂語、賓語。五、目的狀語從句1. so that/ in order that 從句 ( 從句用can/could/ may/ might 動詞原形)為
12、了We got up early in order that we could catch the first bus.2for fear that/lest/in case that 從句(從句可以用虛擬語氣，即should動詞原形)以防/萬一發(fā)生We got up early for fear that/lest/in case that we should miss the first bus.六、地點狀語從句 1. where 在 地方 in the place where/ in the place in whichMake a mark where you have problem
13、s.She lives where her grandparents lived 30 years ago.2. wherever 無論在地方 no matter whereI will find him wherever he may be.Wherever the film star goes, there are crowds of people waiting to see her.七、讓步狀語從句1. although/ though/ while 雖然；盡管Although he is rich, he never wastes a coin.2. as 句型(1)表語(形容詞/名
14、詞) as/though 主語 系動詞，主句。Old as my father is, he keeps up with his English study.【注意】名詞前不加任何冠詞。Child as he is, he knows something of electricity.Rich man as he is, he works hard.(2)副詞 as/though主語謂語動詞，主句。Hard as he worked, he failed.Much as I have traveled, Ive never seen a man as capable as Tom.(3)動詞原
15、形 as/though 主語 might/may, 主句。Try as he might, Tom could not get out of the difficulty.3. even if/ even though(有一定的假設(shè)意味)即使， 縱然Even if it snows tomorrow, we shall still go on business.4. No matter how/ what/ where/ who， 無論怎么/ 什么/ 哪里/ 誰【注意】 no matter 必須和特殊疑問詞連用。5.whoever/whatever/whichever/wherever/whe
16、never/how-ever引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句，意思是“無論”，可與“no matter疑問詞“替換”。6. whetheror無論是否Whether you go or not tomorrow, we will go outing. 八、方式狀語從句1. as if/though 從句(從句的虛擬語氣與wish 后的賓語從句虛擬語氣類似)，意為“仿佛，好像”。She speaks English as though she were a native of New York.2. as 正如Do the experiment as I told you just now.As is know
17、n to all, China is becoming stronger and stronger.Leave the door as it is. 九、比較狀語從句1. asas 和一樣She is as tall as her mother.She has as nice a bag as her mother does.Chinese is as beautiful a language as English.2. not as/ soas 不如一樣； 不和一樣She is not as healthy as her sister.They didnt come to school as early as we.3. than 比The boy is taller than his father.
高中英語總復(fù)習(xí) part2 第9講 狀語從句（要點透析）課件 牛津譯林版 新課標(biāo)
