高中英語(yǔ) Unit2 第一學(xué)時(shí)Reading and Comprehension同步教學(xué)課件 新人教版選修8

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1、第一學(xué)時(shí)第一學(xué)時(shí)Reading and Comprehension1What is a clone?2Are cloned animals as healthy as normal animals?Essentially a clone is an individual which has exactly the same genetic makeup as another individual，of the same species.Some early evidence suggests that cloned animals may have health problems and th

2、at they may age prematurely(早衰的)Task 1快速閱讀課文Cloning: Where is it leading us? 以約30詞寫(xiě)出文章的段落大意。溫馨提示：本文是說(shuō)明文。寫(xiě)摘要時(shí)要扣住文章試圖說(shuō)明的主要方面，如植物克隆、動(dòng)物克隆、人們對(duì)克隆的疑惑及對(duì)其未來(lái)前景的擔(dān)憂等。 _The text introduces to us plant cloning and animal cloning. It also tells us the cloning of Dolly the sheep and peoples puzzle about the use and

3、 the future of cloning. (31 words)Task 2仔細(xì)閱讀課文Cloning：Where is it leading us？根據(jù)課文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。1How many female sheep participate in the cloning of a new sheep? ( )AThree.BTwo.COne.DFour.A2All the following statements are true except_.( )Athe cloning of animals has an easier procedure than cloning plants

4、Bthe procedure of cloning mammals is not accurate enough to succeed in the beginningCthe scientists were rewarded in 1996 for their determination and patience in cloningDthe cloning of animals has a more complicated procedure than cloning plantsA3The advantage of cloning is _. ( )Acloning plants can

5、 be useful for research on new plant speciesBanimal clones may develop the illnesses of older animalsCevil leaders may want to clone themselvesDcloning human beings will raise moral questions4What does “cast down” in the third paragraph mean?( )AExcited. BDisappointed.CSurprised. DAnxious.AB5What is

6、 the writers point of view? ( )AThe writer is in favor of cloning.BThe writer is against cloning.CThe writer does not state any personal opinion about cloning.DThe writer thinks it illegal to research into human cloning.CTask 3再次閱讀課文，完成下列表格。Cloning：Where is it leading us？What is cloning？A way of 1._

7、of another animal or plantThe two major usesFirstly，to produce 2._quantities of plants. Secondly，for research on 3._and for 4._research on animalsThe problems of DollyDollys illness were more appropriate to 5._；Dolly lived only 6._the length of the life of the original sheep；the same arbitrary fate

8、affected 7._The effects of DollyRaised a storm of 8._and had a great impact on 9._；10._peoples eyesAttitudes toward cloningEvil leaders hope to 11._；Religious leaders raised 12._；Governments became 13._；China and the UK continued to 14._1making an exact copy mercial3.new plant species 4.medical5.a m

9、uch older animal 6.half7other species 8.objections9.the media and public imagination 10.opened11.clone themselves 12.moral questions13.nervous and more conservative14accumulate evidenceTask 4根據(jù)課文Cloning：Where is it leading us？在下文空格中填上恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，使文章連貫完整。_1_(clone) is a way of making an exact copy of anoth

10、er animal or plant. Gardeners use it all the time to produce _2_(commerce) quantities of plants，_3_ scientists think it valuable for research on new plant species and for medical research on animals _4_ the procedure is difficult _5_ (undertake)_6_，the determination and patience of scientists _7_(re

11、ward) in 1996 with a breakthroughthe cloning of Dolly the sheep. The fact _8_ Dolly lived six，half the length of the life cast down the cloning scientists，who still wonder _9_ cloning will help or harm mankind when the moral questions _10_(raise)1Cmercial3.and4.though5to undertake6.However7.was rewa

12、rded8that9.whether10.are raised一、請(qǐng)將課文Cloning: Where is it leading us？譯成漢語(yǔ)， 然后參考“譯文助讀”自主勘誤。 譯文助讀克?。核鼘盐覀円蚝畏?？克隆一直與我們同在，而且它還要持續(xù)下去。這是一種用來(lái)生產(chǎn)與原型完全相同的動(dòng)植物的方法。當(dāng)園藝師從生長(zhǎng)著的植物上剪下枝條來(lái)培植新植物時(shí)，就會(huì)產(chǎn)生這種現(xiàn)象。這種現(xiàn)象也發(fā)生在動(dòng)物身上，從同一個(gè)原生卵子產(chǎn)生性別和相貌相同的雙胞胎也是克隆。實(shí)際上，這些都是自然克隆現(xiàn)象?？寺〖夹g(shù)有兩大用途。第一，園藝師一直用它生產(chǎn)大量的供商用的植物；第二，它在對(duì)新植物物種的研究以及在對(duì)動(dòng)物醫(yī)學(xué)研究方面都是很有

13、價(jià)值的?？寺≈参锖?jiǎn)單，但克隆動(dòng)物就非常復(fù)雜了，是一項(xiàng)很難完成的任務(wù)?？寺〔溉閯?dòng)物的多次嘗試都失敗了。但是，科學(xué)家的決心和耐心最終得到了回報(bào)，這就是1996年具有突破性的克隆羊“多莉”的誕生。它的程序如下圖(略)所示：1母羊(甲)提供一個(gè)卵細(xì)胞。2在卵細(xì)胞中取出細(xì)胞核。3卵細(xì)胞準(zhǔn)備接受新的細(xì)胞核。4母羊(乙)提供一個(gè)供克隆的軀干細(xì)胞，該細(xì)胞應(yīng)包含有生產(chǎn)一頭新羊所需要的全部基因。5取出該細(xì)胞的細(xì)胞核。6用電把母羊(乙)的軀干細(xì)胞核和母羊(甲)的卵細(xì)胞連接起來(lái)。7細(xì)胞分裂并生長(zhǎng)成胚胎。8把胚胎置入另外一頭母羊(丙)體內(nèi)，母羊(丙)就是克隆羊的代孕。9這頭小羔羊就是母羊(乙)所提供的細(xì)胞核克隆而成的。

14、一方面整個(gè)科學(xué)界都在關(guān)注著首例成功的克隆動(dòng)物多莉羊的成長(zhǎng)。多莉看來(lái)是在正常地成長(zhǎng)著，這很令人鼓舞。接著傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。研究克隆的科學(xué)家發(fā)現(xiàn)多莉得的病更容易發(fā)生在年老的羊身上，這讓他們很沮喪。多莉總共只存活了六年半，這是它的原型羊壽命的一半?？杀氖牵瑯訜o(wú)法控制的命運(yùn)也在影響著其他物種，如克隆鼠。科學(xué)家們的腦海里產(chǎn)生的問(wèn)題是“這是不是所有克隆動(dòng)物的一個(gè)主要困難呢？這種現(xiàn)象會(huì)不會(huì)永遠(yuǎn)發(fā)生？如果改進(jìn)研究程序，問(wèn)題會(huì)不會(huì)解決呢？”另一方面，多莉羊的出現(xiàn)引起了一陣強(qiáng)烈的反對(duì)，對(duì)媒體和公眾的想象力也產(chǎn)生了極大的影響。它引起的爭(zhēng)議，因?yàn)樗蝗淮蜷_(kāi)了人們的眼界，看到了有可能利用克隆技術(shù)來(lái)治療重病，甚

15、至克隆出人類還有可能性。盡管目前供克隆研究的人類卵細(xì)胞和胚胎很難獲得，報(bào)紙報(bào)道說(shuō)，有些邪惡頭目希望把自己克隆出來(lái)以實(shí)現(xiàn)他們的野心。宗教領(lǐng)袖也提出了道德方面的問(wèn)題。各國(guó)政府惶恐不安而且更加謹(jǐn)慎。有些政府開(kāi)始改革司法制度，明令禁止進(jìn)行克隆人類的研究，但是其他國(guó)家，如中國(guó)和英國(guó)，則仍然在繼續(xù)收集克隆技術(shù)有可能提供豐富的醫(yī)療救助的證據(jù)。然而科學(xué)家們?nèi)詫?duì)克隆技術(shù)有助于人類還是有害于人類，以及克隆技術(shù)將把我們引向哪里感到困惑。二、將下列詞語(yǔ)譯成英語(yǔ)，然后參考Unit 2的詞匯表自主勘誤。1反對(duì)， 不贊成v. _ 2. 獲得， 贏得v. _3. 欠， 歸功于v. _ 4. 打， 撞擊， 罷工v. & n.

16、_5. 抵抗， 反對(duì)v. _6. 退休， 離開(kāi)v. _1. object 2. obtain 3. owe 4. strike5. resist 6. retire7. 打擾，操心， 煩擾 v. & n. _8. 著手， 從事， 承擔(dān) v. _9. 得到回報(bào)， 償清 _10. 沮喪， 不愉快 _11. 贊成， 支持 _12. 一定或注定 _13. 使刻骨銘心 _14. 狀況很好 _7. bother 8. undertake 9. pay off10. cast down 11. in favor of 12. be bound to13. strike.into ones heart 14.

17、 in good condition三、佳句背誦。1. 接著傳來(lái)了多莉病重的壞消息。Then _ the _ news _ Dolly had become seriously ill.2有些政府開(kāi)始改革司法制度， 明令禁止克隆人類的研究，但是其他的國(guó)家，如中國(guó)和英國(guó)，則仍然在繼續(xù)收集克隆技術(shù)有可能提供豐富的醫(yī)療救助的證據(jù)。Some began to _ their legal systems and _ research into _， but other countries _ China and the UK，continued to _ evidence of the _ medical aid that cloning could _.1. came, disturbing, that2. reform, forbade, human cloning, such as，accumulate, abundant, provide