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1、英 語句子運用 1命題規(guī)律：中考對句子運用的考查主要有句子翻譯和句型轉換兩種形式。2命題特點：(1)翻譯句子就是要求根據(jù)所給漢語句子完成英語句子，每空填一個單詞，有些省市的測試題中則不作限制。在初中階段，翻譯句子是非常重要的題型，它包含了對詞匯、語法、句型、慣用法等各方面的考查，完成句子可以反映出一個人綜合使用英語進行書面交際的能力。在中考中它的分值約為10%左右?？疾轭}型有：a根據(jù)漢語意思和英文提示完成句子。b英漢句子互譯。c把漢語句子譯成英語。各地中考采用最多的是第一種題型。(2)句型轉換題型是首先給出一個句子，然后再給出一個包含幾個空白處的句子，要求根據(jù)括號內的要求在第二句的空白處填入適
2、當?shù)脑~。該題型屬于語法性較強的題型，其特點是規(guī)律性強、靈活性小，旨在考查考生用不同的句型結構來表達相同、相近或相反的語意的能力，訓練考生靈活運用語言的技巧?？v觀近幾年全國各省市的中考試卷，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)考查句型轉換的省市并不多，所占分值約為5%10%左右。從題型上看，句型轉換可分為兩大類：a按要求改寫句子。b同義句、近義句的轉換，即要求用不同的句型、不同的語言手段表達相同的意思。預計2015年中考對句子翻譯的考查重點仍將是固定句式及固定短語的靈活運用；考查句型轉換的省份不會增加，考點保持不變，考查難度相對平穩(wěn)。 (一)句子翻譯 句子翻譯的解題技巧：1明確命題意圖，做到有的放矢。2了解英、漢兩種語言在
3、習慣表達方面的差異。3通覽全句，認真檢查。 【體驗中考】A(2014，北京)1這個故事很有趣，讓我們一起來讀一讀吧。The story is very interesting.Lets read it together.2把東西收好，該睡覺了。Put your things away._Its_time_forbed.3少開車對環(huán)境有好處。To drive less is_good_for the environment.4聽到這個好消息，他高興得說不出話來。He was_too_happy_to say a word when he heard the good news.5咱們選Mike當
4、班長怎么樣？他不僅誠實，而且守信。Shall we make Mike our monitor? He isnot_only_honest_but_also_keeps_his_word B(2013，湛江)1我們的教室和他們的一樣大。Our classroom is as_big_as theirs.2這個女孩正在聽音樂。The girl is_listening_to_music now.3這些發(fā)明是用來在黑暗中照明的。These inventions are_used_for seeing in the dark.4我太累了，什么都想不起來了。Im too_tired_to think
5、of anything.5別擔心！我已經關燈了。Dont worry! I have_turned_off the lights. C(2013，宿遷) 1在我外出期間，你介意為我照看一下寵物狗嗎？ Would you mind _looking_after/taking_care_of/caring_for my pet dog for me while I am away? 2作為一名學生，你必須按時上交作業(yè)。 As a student, you must _hand_in your homework on time. 3伊索寓言向我們講述許多有教育意義的故事。 Aesops Fables
6、 tells us a lot of _educational_stories/tales 4許多鳥常年舒服地生活在自然保護區(qū)里。 Many birds live comfortably in the nature reserve all_(the)_year_(round/around)_/the_whole_year 5江南Style這首歌不僅在韓國而且在世界其他地方也流行。 The song Gangnam Style is popular not_only/both in Korea _but_(also)/and_ in other parts of the world. D(201
7、4，煙臺)1請帶我參觀一下你們的新校園好嗎？Could you pleaseshow mearoundyour new school campus?2微信使得人們相互交流更加便捷。Wechat makes itmore convenient for people tocommunicatewith each other.3小屁孩日記這本書自出版后受到孩子們的歡迎。The book Diary of a Wimpay Kid has been popular among kids since itcame out4他喜歡裝扮圣誕老人來給孩子們分發(fā)禮物。He likes todress up as
8、 Santa Claus to give away presents to children.5我們希望青少年遠離香煙。We hope that teenagers canstay/keepawayfrom cigarettes.6他發(fā)現(xiàn)他錯把Sally的太陽鏡裝進他的書包里了。He found that he had put Sallys sunglasses into his backpackby mistake7當你覺得有壓力的時候你就放松一下自己。Try to relax yourself when you feel stressed out8我驚奇地發(fā)現(xiàn)他今天穿著一件最時髦的夾克。I
9、 was surprisedthat he wore a jacket in the lastest style today.9我們需要一些新的辦法使污水清潔。We need to come up with new ideas to make polluted water clean.10那位主修生物的女孩經常自愿去醫(yī)院幫助病人們。The girl who is majoring in biology often volunteers to help the patients in the hospital. E(2014，荊州)1天太熱，你為什么不把夾克脫掉呢？Its too hot tod
10、ay.Why dont you take offyour jacket?2嘲笑處于困境中的人是不禮貌的。Its a bad manner to laugh at people in trouble.3她經常和媽媽一起熬夜看電影。She oftenstays uplate with her mom to watch movies.4瞧！孩子們正在聽有關中國春節(jié)的故事。Look! The children are listening tothe story about the Chinese Spring Festival.5. 初中畢業(yè)后每個學生都有很多東西可以期待。Each student c
11、an look forward tomany things after they leave junior high school. 6為修一棟新房子，他們去年砍了很多樹。 They cut downmany trees in order to build a new house last year. 7快點！我想一會兒我們將趕上他們。 Lets hurry! I think we willcatch up withthem in a minute. 8英語課上， 我們通常被分為幾個小組練習對話。 Usually weare divided intosome groups to practic
12、e conversations in English class. 9由于昨晚外面太吵，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)很難入睡。 Because it was too noisy outside last night, we all found it difficult to fall asleep 10我認為在最近幾年里我們已經對鄉(xiāng)村留守兒童的教育問題給予了關注。 I think wehave paid attention tothe education problems of children left behind in villages in recent years.(pay) F(2014，達州) 1當
13、你遇到生活中的困難時，你應該把它們視為挑戰(zhàn)。 When you meet problems in your life, you should regard them as challenges. 2幸運的是，他母親很有耐心，沒有放棄幫助他。 Luckily, his mother was very patient and didnt give up helping him. 3除非你有醫(yī)生的證明，否則你必須參加體育測試。 Youre required to takepartin the PE testunlessyou have a doctors note. 4吉姆今天早上上學遲到了，是因為
14、他乘坐的公交車半路上出故障了。 Jim was late for school this morning because the bus he took broke downhalfway. 5圖書管理員告訴我，這本書我能借一周。 The librarian told me that I could keep this book for seven days. (二)句型轉換 句型轉換的方法與技巧： 句型轉換主要有兩種形式：一是按要求改寫句子，二是同義句、近義句轉換。 1肯定句、否定句、一般疑問句的相互轉換 2陳述句轉換為特殊疑問句 把句子轉換為特殊疑問句，首先要確定畫線部分應選用的疑問詞，然
15、后將相應的疑問詞放在句首，其余部分改為一般疑問句的形式。關于對畫線部分提問的解題步驟，可借助于下面的歌訣記憶： 一代(用疑問詞代替畫線部分) 二移(把疑問詞移至句首) 三倒(顛倒主謂語，但對主語或其定語提問時除外) 四抄(照抄其他部分) 3陳述句變選擇疑問句、反意疑問句 4陳述句變祈使句、感嘆句 【體驗中考】A(2014，蘭州)1Tom said，“We will go back tomorrow morning.”(改為間接引語)Tom said they would come back the next morning.2My father likes noodles better tha
16、n rice.(改為同義句)My father prefersnoodles torice.3Frank moved to Lanzou in_2010(對畫線部分提問)Whendid Frank move to Lanzhou?4I really dont know what I can do to help her out.(改為簡單句)I really dont know what to doto help her out.5Please take good care of my pet，will_you/wont you？(改為反意疑問句) B(2014，上海)1Ben has fin
17、ished the project on reusing natural resources.(改成否定句)Ben hasnt finishedthe project on reusing natural resources.2Amy will study in an international language school for_several_weeks(對畫線部分提問)How longwill Amy study in an international language school?3I was surprised to see my sisters photograph on a
18、 magazine cover.(改為同義句)Tomysurprise,_I saw my sisters photograph on a magazine cover.4The girl wondered where she would meet her friends the next morning.(改為簡單句)The girl wonderedwhere tomeet her friends the next morning.5Sometimes we use smart phones to take pictures instead of cameras.(改為被動語態(tài)) Some
19、times smart phonesare used to take pictures instead of cameras.6John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog while Im away？” (合成賓語從句)John asked if/whetherI couldlook after his pet dog while he was away.7doing, the students, in the lab, an experiment, are (連詞成句)The_students_are_doing_an_experiment_in_t
20、he_lab.C(2014，安順)1It rained heavily yesterday morning.(改為感嘆句)How heavilyit rained yesterday morning!2The girl is my cousin.The girl is wearing glasses.(改為定語從句)The girlwho/that iswearing glasses is my cousin.3The boy is too young to go to school.(改為同義句)The boy isntold enoughto go to school.4The teach
21、er asked me，“Will you be a volunteer？” (改為間接引語)The teacher asked me ifI wouldbe a volunteer.5I will go to Canada to visit my uncle in_three_days(對畫線部分提問)How soonwill you go to Canada to visit your uncle? D(2014，遂寧) 1The weather is too_hot today.(對畫線部分提問) What isthe weather like today? 2Emma does her
22、 homework every evening.(變?yōu)榉穸ň? Emma doesnt doher homework every evening. 3Does the earth go around the sun? Susan wanted to know.(將兩句合并為一句) Susan wanted to knowif/whetherthe earth goesaround the sun. 4Look! Some students are cleaning the classroom.(改為被動語態(tài)) Look! The classroom is being cleaned by so
23、me students. 5Jim is the tallest boy in his class.(改為同義句) Jim is taller thanany otherboy in his class. E(2014，遂寧) 1The old man is so angry.He cant say a word.(連成一句) The old man is too angry to say a word. 2I bought the bike ten years ago.(改為同義句) I have had the bike since ten years ago. 3The key is used for locking_the_front_door(對畫線部分提問) What is the key used for? 4You should hang the curtains across the stage.(改為被動語態(tài)) The curtains should be hung across the stage. 5Our school has changed greatly in the past several years.(改為同義句) There have been great changes in the past several years.
中考英語總復習 句子運用課件 人教新目標版
