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1、在閱讀語篇中我們常常遇到一些代詞，在閱讀語篇中我們常常遇到一些代詞，如如it, they, that, this, which, as, so等，其中等，其中it, that, this等代詞在語篇中出現(xiàn)的頻率較高，等代詞在語篇中出現(xiàn)的頻率較高，它們不僅能起指代作用，用來代替上下文它們不僅能起指代作用，用來代替上下文涉及到的人、事或物，同時還能起到承上涉及到的人、事或物，同時還能起到承上啟下，體現(xiàn)語篇中各個句子之間的銜接關(guān)啟下，體現(xiàn)語篇中各個句子之間的銜接關(guān)系。系。代詞在閱讀理解中的兩種代詞在閱讀理解中的兩種考法考法代詞一般是代詞一般是“回指回指”前面提到過的某一事前面提到過的某一事物或內(nèi)容。
2、如：物或內(nèi)容。如：Our curtains look dirty. They need a good wash. (They回指回指our curtains) 但有時也但有時也“預指預指”后面出現(xiàn)的某一事后面出現(xiàn)的某一事物或內(nèi)容。如：物或內(nèi)容。如：I shall say this to you: he is an honest man. (this預指冒號后面的預指冒號后面的he is an honest man)高考的閱讀理解題中有關(guān)代詞的指代關(guān)系的考查，主要有高考的閱讀理解題中有關(guān)代詞的指代關(guān)系的考查，主要有兩類：兩類：1.直接要求考生指出代詞所指的具體內(nèi)容直接要求考生指出代詞所指的具體內(nèi)
3、容 例例1(2013廣東廣東) However, to succeed in life, one first needs to set a goal and then gradually make it more practical. And, in addition to that, in order to get really good at something, one needs to spend at least 10,000 hours studying and practicing. In Paragraph 2, the underlined word “that” refer
4、s to _.A. being good at somethingB. setting a practical goalC. putting in more timeD. succeeding in life解析：選解析：選B。本題考查要求考生弄清本題考查要求考生弄清that指代的指代的內(nèi)容，內(nèi)容，“除此之外除此之外”中的中的“此此(that)”到底是指到底是指什么？當然是回指前句中的什么？當然是回指前句中的set a goal and then gradually make it more practical，故選，故選B。2.間接考查考生對代詞指代內(nèi)容的把握間接考查考生對代詞指代內(nèi)容的把握
5、 因為代詞在上下文或上下句中起語義因為代詞在上下文或上下句中起語義的銜接作用，在解答某些細節(jié)題時，如果的銜接作用，在解答某些細節(jié)題時，如果不弄清代詞的指代內(nèi)容，就很難選出正確不弄清代詞的指代內(nèi)容，就很難選出正確的答案。解題中，考生需要利用代詞的回的答案。解題中，考生需要利用代詞的回指或預指來理清上下句的銜接關(guān)系，從而指或預指來理清上下句的銜接關(guān)系，從而找到問題的答案。找到問題的答案。例例2(2009廣東廣東)It was hard to lift her. She was just out. But he managed to raise her the four feet to the pl
6、atform so that bystanders could hold her by the grins and drag her away from the edge. That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness, felt herself being pulled along the ground, and saw someone else holding her purse.When did Lisa become conscious again?A. When the train was leaving.B. After sh
7、e was back on the platform.C. After the police and fire officials came. D. When a man was cleaning the blood from her head.解析：解析：B。解答本題的關(guān)鍵是理解解答本題的關(guān)鍵是理解 “That was where Lisa briefly regained consciousness (那就是麗莎蘇醒的地方那就是麗莎蘇醒的地方)”中中的的that到底是指什么。結(jié)合前句，不難看到底是指什么。結(jié)合前句，不難看出出that是回指是回指the platform的，故正確選項的，故正
8、確選項是是B。 1. The underlined word “that” refers to “_”.A. hearing lossB. using a special microphoneC. lip-readingD. attending a course on lip reading 即學即用即學即用解析：解析：C。結(jié)合結(jié)合that所在句的句意及上下文意所在句的句意及上下文意義的銜接，可知義的銜接，可知that是回指是回指lip-reading。2. Some friendships dont last long because _. A. there are too many peo
9、ple who want to make friends B. some people receive friendship but dont give friendship back C. those who give others friendship receive friendship from others D. they dont know friendship is something serious 解析：解析：B。 因因That is why中中that是回指前面一是回指前面一句的內(nèi)容，故選句的內(nèi)容，故選B。3. What does the underlined word “
10、it” in refer to? A. The beach. B. The water. C. The boat. D. The wind. 解析：解析：D。 本題要求考生弄清本題要求考生弄清it是回指文中的什么內(nèi)容，從上是回指文中的什么內(nèi)容，從上文中文中a beach umbrella tied to the boat caught the wind and pulled the boat into open water可知，可知，it指的是指的是the wind，所以，所以答案是答案是D。4. The author has discovered that people will feel
11、happy when _.A. they offer their help B. they receive others helpC. they feel others kindness D. they show their weakness解析：解析：A。解答本題的關(guān)鍵是理解此段最解答本題的關(guān)鍵是理解此段最后一句中的代詞后一句中的代詞it到底是指什么。結(jié)合上到底是指什么。結(jié)合上文可知，它就是回指的是前文中的文可知，它就是回指的是前文中的“hold doors for me, pour cream into my coffee, or help me to put on my coat”，人們
12、的這些，人們的這些行為概括地說，就是行為概括地說，就是offer their help，故正，故正確選項是確選項是A。5. Some cats and dogs may fight when _.A. they are cold to each otherB. they look away from each otherC. they misunderstood each others signals D. they are introduced at an early age解析：解析：C。 解答此題的關(guān)鍵是理解解答此題的關(guān)鍵是理解One reason for this is probably that some of their body signals were just opposite中的中的代詞代詞this到底是指什么。根據(jù)行文邏輯，可知到底是指什么。根據(jù)行文邏輯，可知this是回指是回指 (between the cat and dog) fighting，即，即“貓狗打架貓狗打架”的一個原因的一個原因是它們的是它們的“肢體訊號是相反的肢體訊號是相反的”，訊號相反就容易誤解，當雙，訊號相反就容易誤解，當雙方誤解了對方的肢體訊號時就會打架。故正確選項是方誤解了對方的肢體訊號時就會打架。故正確選項是C。名師名師指津指津
名師指津高考英語總復習 第一部分 代詞在閱讀理解中的兩種考法課件 新人教版
