2021版新高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 22 Environmental Protection學(xué)案 北師大版

Unit 22 Environmental Protection一、語基必備知識(shí)(一)重點(diǎn)詞匯分類記憶.閱讀詞匯知其意1ecology n生態(tài)2consultant n. 顧問3principle n. 原則，道德準(zhǔn)則4boycott n. (聯(lián)合)抵制5bounce vi. 反彈6coincidence n. 巧合7federal adj. 聯(lián)邦的8rough adj. 艱難的9hurricane n. 颶風(fēng)10mainland n. 大陸11grand adj. 巨大的12changeable adj. 多變的13catastrophe n. 巨大的災(zāi)難14mountainous adj. 多山的15fragile adj. 易毀的；脆弱的.核心詞匯寫其形1trap vt. 使困住2beyond prep. 超出3sacrifice vt.& vi. 犧牲；獻(xiàn)出4advocate vt. 主張，提倡5substitute n. 代替品，代用品6seize vt. 依法沒收；(用武力)奪取7arm vt. 武裝8means n. 方法9slide vi. 滑行10flee vt.& vi. 逃走11plug vt. 塞住12carve vt.& vi. 雕刻13slip vi. 滑落14recycle vt. 回收利用 15behalf n. 代表16condemn vt. 迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地.拓展詞匯通其變1reserve n保護(hù)區(qū) vt.保留；預(yù)訂reserved adj.預(yù)訂的；保留的reservation n保留；預(yù)訂；保護(hù)2relevant adj.有關(guān)的relevance n相關(guān)3agriculture n農(nóng)業(yè)agricultural adj.農(nóng)業(yè)的4threaten vt.威脅threat n威脅threatening adj.威脅的；恐嚇的5separation n分離，分開separate vt.分離，分開 adj.不同的；各自的6construct vt.建造construction n建造7potential n可能性，潛在性potentially adv.潛在地，可能地8adopt vt.采用；收養(yǎng)adoption n采用，收養(yǎng)9considerate adj.想得周到的，體貼的consider v考慮consideration n考慮；體貼10allocate vt.分配，配給allocation n分配，配給11sharpen vt.削尖sharp adj.尖的；銳利的sharpener n卷筆刀12calculate vt.計(jì)算，算出calculation n計(jì)算13finance n資金 financial adj.經(jīng)濟(jì)的，財(cái)政的1.“相似詞”小結(jié)dessert 甜點(diǎn)desert 舍棄affect v影響effect n. 影響principle 原則principal 校長(zhǎng)wander 漫步wonder 想知道2.“方法，途徑”種種means n方法way n. 方法approach n. 方法；途徑method n. 方法3.“熟詞生義”忠義堂arm vt.武裝escape v. 被忘掉；被忽視kill v. 消磨(時(shí)間)hit n. 成功；紅極一時(shí)的人或事(二)重點(diǎn)短語記牢用活1a_number_of一些2beyond_ones_control 超出的控制， 不受的控制3look_ahead 展望未來4refer_to 指，意即，提到；參考5in_turn 依次；反過來6lead_to 引起，導(dǎo)致7take_action 采取行動(dòng)8ahead_of 在前面9apart_from 除以外10answer_for (對(duì)已產(chǎn)生的不良后果) 負(fù)責(zé)任11call_for_an_end_to_sth. 要求結(jié)束12or_else 否則，不然13wrap_up 結(jié)束14on_ones_behalf 代表15for_good 永遠(yuǎn)16carry_off 掠去，奪走17all_in_all 總的來說18result_in 導(dǎo)致19earn_ones_living 謀生20plug_ones_ears 塞住耳朵21all_the_best 祝一切順利22as_a_matter_of_fact 實(shí)際上23break_away_from 擺脫，脫離(某種思想體系、團(tuán)體、組織)1.“inn.”短語聯(lián)想in particular尤其，特別in turn 依次；反過來in common 共同，共用in detail 詳細(xì)地in general 普遍地，一般地in use 在使用中2.for短語集訓(xùn)營(yíng)for sale出售for free 免費(fèi)for sure 肯定地for good 永遠(yuǎn)for instance/example 例如for good measure 額外3.“原因、結(jié)果”短語串記as a consequence (of)因此，結(jié)果as a result (of) 作為的結(jié)果result in/from 導(dǎo)致/起因于on account of 由于because of 因?yàn)閛wing to 由于(三)重點(diǎn)句式背熟巧用句型公式教材原句句型1：looking ahead為動(dòng)詞­ing形式作狀語Looking_ahead，scientists believe that global warming could be one of the biggest environmental problems facing the 21st century.展望未來，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為全球變暖可能會(huì)是21世紀(jì)面臨的最大的環(huán)境問題之一。句型2：given用作介詞，表示“鑒于，考慮到；倘若”Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鑒于這些數(shù)據(jù)，好像人類活動(dòng)與正在升高的地球溫度之間的聯(lián)系并不僅僅只是巧合而已。句型3：過去分詞短語作后置定語If we add up all these small changes made_by_everyone_worldwide，they wont be such small changes.如果我們把全世界每個(gè)人產(chǎn)生的小改變加到一起它們就不是小的改變了。二、語境強(qiáng)化訓(xùn)練.語境填詞根據(jù)提示寫出該詞的適當(dāng)形式1Experts say armed(武裝) conflicts are likely to break out between the two countries along the border. 2It took rescuers 90 minutes to reach the trapped(使困住) men.3When he was sliding(滑行) on the snow, he slipped(滑倒) over and broke his legs.4It is my great privilege to say something on behalf(代表) of all the students.5(2018·全國(guó)卷)Your guide will provide a history lesson about the trees and the famous monuments where they blossom. Reserve(預(yù)訂) your spot before availabilityand the cherry blossomsdisappear!6The construction(construct) of the two railway lines has been completed by now.7I want to know if you really advocate banning(ban) cars in this city centre.8Given(give) the present conditions, I think shes done rather well.9(上海卷)Successful product design takes into consideration(consider) a products function, purpose, shape, form, color, and so on.10(2017·江蘇卷)The quality of life has improved and watching films is regarded as a good means(方式) of entertainment.派生詞練習(xí)用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1She is so considerate that she has not only considered her own affairs but taken mine into consideration(consider)2They sent a threatening letter to us, but I thought it was an empty threatIts no use threatening uswe didnt give in.(threat)3The old couple adopted a boy ten years ago and their adopted son treated them well and the old couple thought their adoption was the best choice.(adopt)4These tables are reserved for the children and the reserved seats by the window are also taken up, so Ill have to make a reservation for you next week.(reserve)5After a long separation,_the young couple lived a separate life and in the end they separated peacefully.(separate).選詞成篇in turn; beyond ones control; result in; look ahead; take action; a number of; or elseHumans have damaged the environment in 1.a_number_of aspects, which 2.in_turn has influenced our life. Besides this, it is 3.beyond_our_control. I think we humans should be responsible for it. 4.Looking_ahead,_it is time for us to 5.take_action；6.or_else,_it would 7.result_in greater damage.carry off; apart from; lead to; on behalf of; answer for; call for an end toWith more and more factories built in my hometown, a lot of agricultural land has been 8.carried_off,_which has 9.led_to a rise in product prices. 10.Apart_from this, the air and rivers have been heavily polluted.Obviously, the factories should 11.answer_for the consequences. So 12.on_behalf_of the villagers benefit, the local government has decided to 13.call_for_an_end_to the factories illegal behaviors.完成句子1一看到警察他就向出口奔去。Seeing_the_police,_he made a run for the exit.2如果得到他的支持，我想我們會(huì)贏得這次選舉。Given_his_support,_I think well win the election.3我喜歡在這家出版社出版的大部分圖書。I like most of the books published_in_this_publishing_house reserven保護(hù)區(qū)；保留；儲(chǔ)備vt.保留；保存；預(yù)訂基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空The waitress said that the seat by the window was reserved for an old man.Im sure that he wont accept our suggestion without reserve.I will call the restaurant and make a reservation(reserve) in case theres none left.能力提升一句多譯提前預(yù)訂一張桌子是個(gè)好主意。It is a good idea to_reserve_a_table in advance.(reserve v)It is a good idea to_make_a_reservation_for_a_table in advance.(reservation n)(1)without reserve毫無異議地；毫無保留地in reserve 備用的(2)reserve.for sb./sth. 為某人/某物保留/預(yù)訂(3)reservation n. 保留；預(yù)訂(房間、座位等)make a reservation 預(yù)訂(房間、座位等) 佳句背誦 You cant park here，for this section of the car park is reserved for visitors.你不能把車停在這里，因?yàn)檫@個(gè)停車區(qū)是留給游客的。 beyondprep.超出，出乎，為所不能及能力提升完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換除了這幾個(gè)事實(shí)，我們知道的就很少了。Our knowledge does not extend much beyond_these_few_facts事實(shí)是，他是這么頑皮的孩子，我實(shí)在無法管教。The fact is that he is such a naughty boy that he_is_beyond_my_control.The West Lake is so beautiful that it is hard to describe it in words.The beauty of the West Lake is beyond_descriptionIm sorry I cant make a final decision on this project.Im sorry its beyond_my_power_to make a final decision on this project. beyond ones control超出某人的控制， 不受某人的控制beyond ones reach 夠不著，超出之外beyond ones power 超出某人的能力beyond description 無法形容，難以言表beyond belief 難以置信beyond doubt 無疑地 佳句背誦 The tasks they faced seemed far beyond their ability.他們面臨的任務(wù)似乎遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)超出他們的能力。 condemnvt.迫使(某人)陷于不幸的境地；譴責(zé)；使注定基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空If you dont learn from the past, youre condemned to_repeat(repeat) its mistakes.As was expected, he was condemned to ten years in prison.能力提升完成句子/句型轉(zhuǎn)換因?yàn)樾碌闹贫龋@樣的孩子中有一些注定會(huì)不及格。Because of the new rules，some of such children are_condemned_to_fail由于他沒文化，他注定要干體力活。His lack of knowledge condemns_him_to_do the kind of work that needs strength.As was expected，he was sentenced to life imprisonment.As was expected，he was_condemned_to life imprisonment.condemn sb.for.因譴責(zé)某人condemn sb.to sth./to do sth. 使某人注定/使某人注定做condemn sb.to death 判某人死刑be condemned to death 被判處死刑 佳句背誦 The headmaster strongly condemned empty talk instead of hard work.那位校長(zhǎng)強(qiáng)烈譴責(zé)了不腳踏實(shí)地、夸夸其談的作風(fēng)。 sacrificevt.& vi.犧牲；獻(xiàn)出n犧牲；祭品，祭祀基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Making sacrifices(sacrifice) is always a part of bringing up children.He succeeded in the experiment at the sacrifice of his health.Would you sacrifice some of your salary for more holiday time?The woman sacrificed(sacrifice) her career to bring up the children.(全國(guó)卷)Almost every grandparent wants to be with his or her grandchildren and is willing to make sacrifices(sacrifice)(1)sacrifice sth.to do sth.為做某事而犧牲某物(2)make sacrifices for/to do sth. 為作出犧牲at the sacrifice of. 以犧牲為代價(jià) 佳句背誦 From that day on, we learned together, traveled together, and sacrificed together.從那天起，我們一起學(xué)習(xí)，一起旅行，一起奉獻(xiàn)。(江蘇卷) advocatevt.主張，提倡n提倡者，擁護(hù)者基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Animal activists advocate that the government (should)_set(set) up a special organization to protect these migrating birds.Many experts advocate rewarding(reward) your child for good behavior.The boy said that his father was an advocate of reforms on the political system.I strongly advocate that all of us should learn from him and always be ready to help others.能力提升一句多譯他們提倡大家都為那個(gè)地區(qū)捐些錢。They advocated everyone_donating_some_money_to_the_areaThey advocated that everyone(should)_donate_some_money_to_the_area(1)advocate (doing) sth.提倡/擁護(hù)/支持(做)某事advocate that. 主張從句謂語動(dòng)詞用 (should)動(dòng)詞原形(2)be an advocate of/for 的提倡者/擁護(hù)者 佳句背誦 However, I advocate that students should go out to get in touch with the outside world and meet some difficulties so that they can value the time of staying at home.但是，我也提倡學(xué)生應(yīng)該出去接觸外面世界，遭遇一些困難，這樣他們才會(huì)更加珍惜在家中的時(shí)光。 threatenvt.威脅，恐嚇基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空He tied her up and threatened her with a six­inch knife.The young girl stood on the top of the building, threatening to_jump(jump)He kept silent，for the old man threatened that he would make it public.China is a peace­loving country，and we have never been a threat to the world.能力提升完成句子(江蘇卷)交通問題很難解決， 它不僅影響著我們的日常生活， 而且也可能威脅到人們的生命。The traffic issue is very difficult to settle.It not only affects our everyday life, but_may_also_threaten_peoples_lives(1)threaten sb.with sth.用某事威脅某人threaten to do sth. 威脅要做某事 threaten that. 威脅(2)threat n. 威脅a threat to sb./sth. 對(duì)某人或某事的威脅 佳句背誦 While danger threatens we must all take care.當(dāng)有危險(xiǎn)的時(shí)候，我們都得小心謹(jǐn)慎。Is Christmas a threat to traditional Chinese culture?圣誕節(jié)是對(duì)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的威脅嗎？ meansn手段；方法基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空Students sometimes support themselves by means of doing part­time jobs.Every possible means has_been_tried(try), but none has worked.All possible means have_been_tried(try), but none has worked.(2019·江蘇卷)Besides，the choice of the traditional Chinese dress means(mean) extra money, and extra time, for we have to change it back after the event.能力提升完成句子(2018·全國(guó)卷)你最好事先練習(xí)用筷子，這也是展示你良好的餐桌禮儀的一種方式。And youd better practice using chopsticks in advance，which_is_also_a_means_of_showing_your_good_table_manners(1)by this means通過這種方法by means of 用辦法；借助by all means 一定，務(wù)必；好的，當(dāng)然可以by no means 決不，一點(diǎn)也不(位于句首時(shí)，句子用部分倒裝)(2)a means of communication 一種通訊/交流工具(3)mean v. 意味著；意思是 佳句背誦 I wish that you could grasp this opportunity，which is a means of learning traditional Chinese culture further.我希望你能抓住這個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)，這是進(jìn)一步學(xué)習(xí)中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的一種途徑。(2017·全國(guó)卷)名師點(diǎn)津 means是單復(fù)數(shù)同形的名詞，其謂語動(dòng)詞的數(shù)取決于means 前的修飾語。 adoptvt.采用，采納；收養(yǎng)基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空/對(duì)比填空Many animal welfare organizations provide care and adoption(adopt) services for homeless animals.The young couple had no children of their own and adopted an orphan. After a few months, the child came to adapt to his new life. (adopt/adapt)能力提升完成句子我確實(shí)珍視這個(gè)受教育的機(jī)會(huì)，總是把這個(gè)箴言當(dāng)作座右銘。I do cherish the educational opportunity and I always adopt_the_motto_to_serve_as_a_reminderadopt sb.as. 收養(yǎng)/挑選某人為adoption n. 收養(yǎng)；采用；通過adopted adj. 被收養(yǎng)的 佳句背誦 As far as Im concerned, we should adopt an optimistic attitude in the face of great pressure.就我個(gè)人而言，面對(duì)巨大壓力，我們應(yīng)該采取一種樂觀的態(tài)度。名師點(diǎn)津 一字之差，意義上卻大相徑庭：adapt意為“(使)適應(yīng)；改編”；adopt意為“采用，采納；收養(yǎng)”。 a number of一些，許多；大量的基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空As China develops fast and steadily, a number of foreigners are_learning(learn) Chinese as a second language.In China, the number of cities is_increasing(increase) whose development is recognized across the world.A great deal of money was_donated(donate) to a university by an ordinary worker, which aroused public attention.With more and more forests cut down, large quantities of soil are(be) being washed away.能力提升完成句子(2017·全國(guó)卷)此外，許多著名藝術(shù)家的杰作將被展覽。In addition, there_are_a_great_number_of_famous_artists whose masterpieces will be on exhibition.(1)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)(2)不可數(shù)名詞(3)佳句背誦 Ive heard that our school library is planning to buy a number of new books，so I am writing to recommend some books.我聽說我們學(xué)校的圖書館正計(jì)劃購(gòu)置許多新書，所以我寫信推薦一些書。 in turn依次，逐個(gè)地；反而；反過來能力提升完成句子/一句多譯在去加拿大的途中，我們輪流開車。We took_turns_to_drive on the way up to Canada.我確信這次是輪到你們大掃除了。Im sure that its_your_turn_to_do the cleaning this time.人們通過自己開車來避免延誤，這反過來造成更多的問題。People try to avoid delays by using their own cars, and this in_turn_creates_more_problemsPeople try to avoid delays by using their own cars, which_in_turn_creates_more_problems(1)by turns輪流；輪班；交替地take turns (to do sth.) 依次；輪流(說、做等)；輪班(做某事)It is sb.s turn (to do sth.) 輪到某人(干某事)。(2)in return 作為回報(bào) 佳句背誦 Theory is based on practice and in turn serves practice.理論的基礎(chǔ)是實(shí)踐，反過來理論又為實(shí)踐服務(wù)。 all in all總的來說基礎(chǔ)練習(xí)用all的相關(guān)短語填空To be great, you must be smart, confident, and, above_all,_honest.All_in_all,_every road leads to Rome, but I do believe hard work pays off.Dont believe the advertisement. After_all,_it is the customers who pay for whatever they are given.Happiness lies first_of_all in health，as everyone knows.For little children，they need many things，but above_all they need love.After_all，they are so young that they need much love and care.at all(常用于否定句和條件從句中以加強(qiáng)語氣)根本；無論如何；一點(diǎn)兒after all 畢竟；終究in all 總共first of all 首先，第一above all 首先，最重要的是 佳句背誦 All in all I wonder how much time I end up investing in the whole process. 總而言之，我想知道我在整個(gè)過程中投入了多長(zhǎng)時(shí)間。 given用作介詞，表示“鑒于，考慮到；倘若”(教材P6)Given this data，it seems that the link between human activities and rising global temperatures is not merely a coincidence.鑒于這些數(shù)據(jù)，好像人類活動(dòng)與正在升高的地球溫度之間的聯(lián)系并不僅僅只是巧合而已。能力提升完成句子考慮到她對(duì)孩子的興趣，我可以肯定教書對(duì)她來說是一種合適的職業(yè)。Given_her_interest_in_children,_Im sure teaching is the right career for her.考慮到他做得很好，派他去似乎是很合理的。It seems reasonable to send him away, given_that_he_is_doing_quite_well大約250名學(xué)生在特定的時(shí)間與我們一起工作。About 250 students are working with us at_any_given_time(1)本句中的Given為介詞，意為“考慮到，鑒于”，表示原因；還可以表示假設(shè)，意為“倘若，假定”。(2)表示“考慮到”時(shí)，given后還可接that從句。(3)given還可用作形容詞，意為“規(guī)定的；特定的”。 名師點(diǎn)津 引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句用法相似的表達(dá)還有：considering (that).鑒于provided/providing (that). 假定seeing (that). 既然；鑒于 when引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句(教材P17)The British luxury liner，Titanic，was on its maiden voyage from Southampton to New York City，when it struck an iceberg and sank about 153 km south of Newfoundland.英國(guó)的豪華游輪泰坦尼克號(hào)在首次航海，從南安普敦開往紐約城時(shí)，突然間撞上冰山，在紐芬蘭島南153公里的地方沉船?；A(chǔ)練習(xí)單句語法填空She had just finished her homework when her mother asked her to practice playing the piano yesterday. She opened her eyes with a start and was about to cry out when she heard her father urgently telling her to keep quiet.能力提升完成句子我們正在為周末出游收拾行李，這時(shí)我的女兒聽到求救的叫喊聲。We were_packing_to_leave_for a weekend away when my daughter heard cries for help.be doing.when. 正在做這時(shí)be about to do.when. 正打算做這時(shí)be on the point of doing .when . 正要做這時(shí)had just done .when . 剛做了這時(shí)(突然) 佳句背誦 I was on my way to the bookstore and was waiting for the green light at a crossing when a girl of about ten was knocked down by a passing car.我去書店的路上，正在一個(gè)十字路口等綠燈，這時(shí)一個(gè)大約十歲的女孩被一輛駛過的汽車撞倒了。名師點(diǎn)津 when 為并列連詞，表示“這時(shí)；突然”，相當(dāng)于and then/and at that time。維度一在空白處填入括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式1Tourists are required to make reservations(reserve) in advance.2Trapped(trap) in a traffic jam, he had to be patient.3(2018·浙江卷6月)Being a good neighbor is more or less about considerate(consider) behavior.4(2018·江蘇卷)There are huge amounts of reference(refer) books which I am often confused to choose from.5(2018·全國(guó)卷)Small color choices bring with them the significant benefit of being easily changeable(change)維度二在空白處填入1個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~1It is not easy for the children to break away from the families and become independent.2Youd better put the bottle of medicine beyond the childrens reach.3We were having a class meeting when someone rushed into the classroom.4The Judge condemned the criminal to death for a case of murder.5By no means will she agree to our plan for the trip.維度三語境品詞(寫出加黑詞匯在語境中的意義)1(2019·北京卷)At this years I/O Conference，a company showed a new voice technology able to produce such a convincing human­sounding voice that it was able to speak to a receptionist and book a reservation without detection.保留，預(yù)訂2The woman has no child of her own but has many adopted sons and daughters.被收養(yǎng)的3Many experts dont advocate rewarding your child for good behaviour.提倡；主張4As far as Im concerned, lack of competence condemned him to lose his job.迫使某人陷于不幸的境地5(2018·全國(guó)卷)They think tradition means old things from the past.意味著提能一語段填空(短文中黑體部分為本單元核心知識(shí)點(diǎn)，請(qǐng)補(bǔ)全短文，并背誦體會(huì)黑體部分用法)In the last few decades, scientists have reached consensus and reported that human beings are causing changes in the Earths climate. They claim that in the last 50 years gases 1.pumped(pump) into the Earths atmosphere by the factories and vehicles have been affecting our climate. But what exactly is global warming? Global warming 2.refers(refer) to an average increase in the Earths temperature that, 3.in turn, leads to climate change. Over the last 100 years, the global average temperature 4.has_increased(increase) by 1 and many experts insist that 5.the blame for this global warming can mostly be pinned on human 6.activities(activity). The link between human beings and 7.rising(rise) global temperatures is not 8.merely(mere) a coincidence. 9.If we continue to produce carbon dioxide and other gases in such huge quantities, we are condemning life on Earth. Governments all over the world have a responsibility 10.to_reduce(reduce) the amount of carbon dioxide. Experts advocate each person play their parts.提能二話題寫作(用本單元詞匯、句式和語法知識(shí)寫滿分作文)1補(bǔ)全要點(diǎn)句(黑體部分請(qǐng)用本單元所學(xué)詞匯)現(xiàn)在空氣被嚴(yán)重污染了。The air has_been_badly_polluted這導(dǎo)致了大量的人死于與空氣污染有關(guān)的疾病。It has_led_to/resulted_in_a_large_number_of_people_dying_from_illnesses，which are related to air pollution.所有的行為后果都是要償還的，所以我們必須要采取措施。All_these_are_to_be_answered_for,_so we must take_action我們可以關(guān)閉一些工廠，還可以限制汽車的數(shù)量。We can close_down_some_factories and limit_the_number_of_cars我們每個(gè)人都要盡力而為。Each of us should try_our_best2升級(jí)平淡句用過去分詞作后置定語升級(jí)句It_has_led_to/resulted_in_a_large_number_of_people_dying_from_illnesses_related_to_air_pollution.用apart from結(jié)構(gòu)升級(jí)句Apart_from_closing_down_some_factories,_we_can_limit_the_number_of_cars.3銜接成美文(注意使用適當(dāng)?shù)倪^渡銜接詞匯：as a matter of fact, all in all)