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2015-2016學(xué)年高中語文 第二單元《春江花月夜》導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版選修《中國古代詩歌散文欣賞》

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2015-2016學(xué)年高中語文 第二單元《春江花月夜》導(dǎo)學(xué)案 新人教版選修《中國古代詩歌散文欣賞》

春江花月夜教學(xué)目標:1、了解張若虛,在誦讀中初步感受詩歌。2、緣景明情,賞析景、理、情渾然天成的畫意詩情。3、提高學(xué)生聯(lián)想和想象能力,進入詩歌意境。4、深刻領(lǐng)悟詩中抒發(fā)的游子思婦的相思之情和體現(xiàn)的宇宙與人生的哲理,培養(yǎng)學(xué)生敬畏生命、珍惜生命的人生態(tài)度,以及對純潔情感,真、善、美精神的追求。教學(xué)重點:展開聯(lián)想和想象,進入詩歌意境。教學(xué)難點:理解景、情、理如何有機地融合的。問題一:文中含有月的句子                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            問題二:誦讀文本,理清行文思路、文章內(nèi)容                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          問題三:找出這8句詩中的意象,體會畫面特點(意境)。                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          問題四:“江天一色無纖塵,皎皎空中孤月輪”營造了怎樣的意境?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                             問題五:詩人此時不禁對空中這輪孤月發(fā)出奇想,他思索了什么問題?與古人的思索“天地?zé)o終極,人命若朝霜”(曹植送應(yīng)氏),“人生若塵露,天道邈悠悠”(阮籍詠懷),“哀吾生之須臾,羨長江之無窮”(蘇軾赤壁賦)是否一致?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                          問題六:“人生代代無窮已,江月年年只相似” 你有怎樣的領(lǐng)悟的?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                            問題七:思考詩歌的 1736句,寫了什么內(nèi)容?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題八:“ 白云一片去悠悠 ”主要運用了什么手法?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題九:“誰家今夜扁舟子,何處相思明月樓?!币痪溥\用了什么手法?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題十:“可憐樓上月徘徊,應(yīng)照離人妝鏡臺,玉戶簾中卷不去,搗衣砧上拂還來”這四句中主要運用了什么修辭手法?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                              問題十一:“鴻雁長飛光不度,魚龍潛躍水成文”表達出思婦什么樣的感情?                                                                                                                                                               拓展延伸:詩歌中景、情、理如何有機地融合在一起的?                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                                           春江花月夜導(dǎo)學(xué)案問題一答案:略問題二答案:春江月夜的美景 (景物美)江畔月下的美思 (哲理美)因月而起的美情 (情感美)問題三答案:前八句寫了春、江、花、月、夜五個意象,描寫了一副清幽恬淡的意境。春江的潮水涌動,仿佛和大海連在一起,氣勢宏偉,這時一輪明月伴著潮頭冉冉而升,明月與江潮相互輝映,波光粼粼,哪一處春江不在明月的朗照之中,江水曲曲彎彎地繞過花草遍地的春之原野,花林閃著銀光,空中月光似天降流霜,江畔白沙與月光融成白茫茫的一片。問題四答案:詩人面對這一輪江月深深地思考著,滿懷感慨和迷惘,感嘆江月長明而人生短促,這里月的疊用、人的疊用以及江的疊用,有一種音節(jié)美、韻律美,斷而復(fù)續(xù),飛絲相接,給人一種清峻雄奇之感問題五答案:略問題六答案:人生代代無窮已,江月年年只相似。感慨中有一絲惆悵,但并不頹廢與絕望,因為詩人畢竟生活在唐代,畢竟有找到發(fā)展機遇的可能性,因此詩人只是點到為止。 問題七答案:思婦懷念游子問題八答案:象征。飄來飄去,無落腳之地的白云象征終日漂泊的游子。問題九答案:互文。家家今夜扁舟子,處處相思明月樓。極言離愁之廣,家家有相思,家家有離愁。問題十答案:擬人。月光懷著對思婦的憐憫之情,在樓上徘徊不忍去。它要和思婦作伴,為她解愁,因而把柔和的清輝灑在妝鏡臺上、玉戶簾上、搗衣砧上。豈料思婦觸景生情,反而思念尤甚。她想趕走這惱人的月色,可是月色“卷不去”,“拂還來”,真誠地依戀著她。這里“卷”和“拂”兩個癡情的動作,生動地表現(xiàn)出思婦內(nèi)心的愁悵和迷惘。問題十一答案:惆悵、無奈。拓展延伸答案:詩人把游子思婦的離愁放在春江花月夜的背景上,以良辰美景襯托離別之苦;又以江月與人生對比,顯示人生的短暫,而在短暫的人生里,那離愁就越發(fā)顯得濃郁。這首詩固然帶著些許傷感和凄涼,但總的看來并不頹廢。它表現(xiàn)了對美好生活的向往,對青春年華的珍惜,以及對宇宙、人生的探索,境界是相當(dāng)開闊的。

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