2020版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 語(yǔ)法填空與短文改錯(cuò) 第二部分 語(yǔ)法精析 第七節(jié) 特殊句式學(xué)案 新人教版

第七節(jié)特殊句式考向分析熱考點(diǎn)高考語(yǔ)法填空及短文改錯(cuò)較少涉及特殊句式。新考向2019年天津卷考查了倒裝句。題型一關(guān)于特殊句式的語(yǔ)法填空1Chinasapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile(feed) itscitizensoffersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide.(2018·全國(guó))答案feeding解析考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意為：中國(guó)在養(yǎng)活了全國(guó)人民的同時(shí)，又保護(hù)了環(huán)境。這一做法為全世界的農(nóng)業(yè)和糧食政策制定者提供了很有用的經(jīng)驗(yàn)。while后面省略了Chinais, 構(gòu)成“連詞現(xiàn)在分詞”形式，故填feeding。2Ordinarysoap，(use) correctly，candealwithbacteriaeffectively.(2018·北京)答案used解析考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。usedcorrectly是ifitisusedcorrectly這個(gè)條件狀語(yǔ)從句的省略形式。句意為：普通的肥皂，如果使用得當(dāng)，可以有效地清除細(xì)菌。故填used。3Inanyunsafesituation，simply(press) thebuttonandahighly­trainedagentwillgetyouthehelpyouneed.(2018·北京)答案press解析此處是“祈使句and陳述句”。句意為：在任何不安全的情況下，只要按一下按鈕，訓(xùn)練有素的工作人員就會(huì)給予你所需要的幫助。故填press。4Itcouldbeanythinggardening，cooking，music，sportsbutwhateveritis，(make) sureitsarelieffromdailystressratherthananotherthingtoworryabout.(2016·全國(guó))答案make解析考查祈使句中的動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句是but連接的并列句，結(jié)構(gòu)為“陳述句but祈使句”。此處為祈使句，故謂語(yǔ)要用動(dòng)詞原形make。1祈使句and/or陳述句2感嘆句：記準(zhǔn)what名詞或名詞詞組，howadj./adv.Whata/anadj.單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)!Whatadj.復(fù)數(shù)或不可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)!Howadj.a/an單數(shù)可數(shù)名詞主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)!Howadj./adv.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)(系動(dòng)詞)!3狀語(yǔ)從句的省略when/while/after/until/till/if/unless/as(正如)/though等引導(dǎo)的狀語(yǔ)從句中，從句的主語(yǔ)是it且從句的謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式時(shí)，省略主語(yǔ)和be動(dòng)詞，如ifso/not, ifever，ifany，ifpossible，ifconvenient等。狀語(yǔ)從句的主語(yǔ)和主句的主語(yǔ)一致或從句主語(yǔ)為it，且從句的謂語(yǔ)含有be動(dòng)詞的某種形式時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be可同時(shí)省略。1Theprofessorwarnedthestudentsthatonnoaccounttheyusemobilephonesinhisclass.(2019·天津)答案should解析考查倒裝和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意為：教授警告學(xué)生說(shuō)在他的課上絕不應(yīng)該使用手機(jī)。onnoaccount(絕不)具有否定意義，置于句首時(shí)，句子應(yīng)使用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)；再結(jié)合句意“不應(yīng)該”可知，應(yīng)填should。2ItwasonlywhenthecarpulledupinfrontofourhousewesawLilyinthepassengerseat.(2018·天津)答案that解析句意為：直到汽車停在我們的房子前時(shí)我們才看見(jiàn)莉莉坐在乘客座上。分析題干可知本句是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，被強(qiáng)調(diào)的是onlywhen引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)強(qiáng)調(diào)句的結(jié)構(gòu)，可知填that。3It was when I got back to my apartment I first came across my new neighbors.(2017·天津)答案that解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：正是當(dāng)我回到公寓時(shí)，我第一次偶然遇見(jiàn)了我的新鄰居們。強(qiáng)調(diào)句的判斷方法是將Itis/was與that去掉，然后看剩余的部分是不是一個(gè)成分完整的句子。經(jīng)判斷，“WhenIgotbacktomyapartment，Ifirstcameacrossmynewneighbors.”句子成分完整，由此可斷定本句是強(qiáng)調(diào)句，并且強(qiáng)調(diào)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)，故空格處應(yīng)用that。4Notuntilrecentlytheyencouragethedevelopmentoftourist­relatedactivitiesintheruralareas.(2016·江蘇)答案did解析考查倒裝句。句意為：直到最近他們才鼓勵(lì)農(nóng)村地區(qū)發(fā)展與旅游相關(guān)的活動(dòng)。根據(jù)句首的Notuntilrecently可知，本句要用部分倒裝形式，encourage表示的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)發(fā)生，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故填did。1強(qiáng)調(diào)句強(qiáng)調(diào)句型：Itis/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that其他部分(強(qiáng)調(diào)的部分是人，也可以用who，去掉it is/was和that仍然是個(gè)完整的句子)。Itis/wasnotuntil.that.是對(duì)notuntil引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句的強(qiáng)調(diào)。對(duì)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的強(qiáng)調(diào)是do/does/did動(dòng)詞原形。2部分倒裝：形式：助動(dòng)詞/系動(dòng)詞/情態(tài)動(dòng)詞提前到主語(yǔ)前面，后面動(dòng)詞恢復(fù)原形。條件：否定詞放句首(hardly，seldom，never，little，not only，not until，by no means等); only狀語(yǔ)(副詞，介詞短語(yǔ)，狀語(yǔ)從句)放句首；副詞so或 neither(nor)在句首，表示前面所陳述的情況“也”或“也不”，如so do I, so are my friends, neither do I，so修飾形容詞或副詞(位于句首)。3完全倒裝：謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞完全提前到主語(yǔ)前面。here/there，up/down，now/then，in/out，away/off或者表地點(diǎn)的介詞短語(yǔ)放句首時(shí)，用完全倒裝。therebe句型表客觀存在性，there不能替換為they或it。be動(dòng)詞的數(shù)要和后面離它近的名詞保持一致。如：Thereisachairandseveraltables.Thereareseveraltablesandachair.題型二關(guān)于特殊句式的短文改錯(cuò)1Theinstructorkeptrepeatingthewords，“Speedup！”“Slowdown！”“Turningleft！”(2017·全國(guó))答案TurningTurn解析句法錯(cuò)誤。根據(jù)前面教練發(fā)出的兩個(gè)指令可知，這三個(gè)句子屬于并列結(jié)構(gòu)，都是祈使句，都以動(dòng)詞原形開(kāi)頭。2Atlast，Iwillbeonmyown，butIstillwanttohavemyparentstoturntowheneverneedhelp.(2016·全國(guó))答案whenever后加I解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，whenever引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句缺少主語(yǔ)，此處又不是狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。考慮上下文含義，故加上從句主語(yǔ)。1祈使句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞均為原形，可以通過(guò)上下文和語(yǔ)境來(lái)判斷是否使用。2狀語(yǔ)從句有省略情況，但是并非所有的都可以省略。3省略的狀語(yǔ)從句中，如果動(dòng)詞和主語(yǔ)是主動(dòng)，就用v.­ing形式；如果是被動(dòng)，就用v.­ed 形式。1Theyweretworeasonsforthedecision.(2019·全國(guó))答案TheyThere解析考查therebe句型。句意為：有兩個(gè)原因可以解釋這個(gè)決定。故將They改為There。注意首字母大寫。2Therehavethreelessonsinthemorningandtwointheafternoon.(2014·新課標(biāo)全國(guó)改編)答案haveare解析分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)，此處表達(dá)“上午有三節(jié)課下午有兩節(jié)課”。表示客觀存在性的只能是therebe句型。所以需要把have改成be動(dòng)詞。再考慮到就近原則，后面是復(fù)數(shù)名詞lessons, 故把have改成are。1therebe句型的含義是“有”，表示客觀存在性。其中的be可以有不同的時(shí)態(tài)，可以和助動(dòng)詞或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用。所以therebe句型有以下幾種變形：thereseem(s/ed) tobethereappear(s/ed) tobetherehappen(s/ed) tobethereusedtobethereremain(s/ed) 2在強(qiáng)調(diào)句型中，如果強(qiáng)調(diào)的是人，則可以用who或that，而which/what都不對(duì)。Thespokenlanguageswereenoughinallmyinteractions(交往)LittledoIknowthatIwoulddiscovermyloveforASL(美式手語(yǔ))(2017·全國(guó)改編)答案dodid解析考查倒裝句。句意為：我的所有交往中用日?？谡Z(yǔ)就已經(jīng)足夠了。我從來(lái)沒(méi)想過(guò)我會(huì)喜歡上美式手語(yǔ)。根據(jù)句首的little可知，本句要用部分倒裝形式，前文中的were表示動(dòng)作發(fā)生在過(guò)去，用一般過(guò)去時(shí)，故把do改為did。部分倒裝提前的是助動(dòng)詞、系動(dòng)詞和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。所以要格外注意主謂一致、時(shí)態(tài)一致。增分訓(xùn)練增分單句訓(xùn)練.單句語(yǔ)法填空1Itwasin1996Songquithisjobasaprofessorandpurchaseda200,000squaremeterplotoflandinamountainousforestarea.(2019·廣東揭陽(yáng)二模)答案that解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。該句使用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，并對(duì)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“in 1996”進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，故填that。2Exceptionswillbeallowedforstudentswithcertainphysicalormentalconditions，if _(prove) bymedicalstaff.(2019·浙江舟山中學(xué)模擬)答案proved/proven解析句意為：如經(jīng)醫(yī)務(wù)人員證明，患有某些身體或精神疾病的學(xué)生可獲豁免。if引導(dǎo)的是省略句，省略了itis，it代指certainphysicalormentalconditions，與prove之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞形式。故填proved/proven。3unforgettabletheexperiencewas！(2019·山西實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)質(zhì)檢)答案How解析考查感嘆句。結(jié)構(gòu)為：Howadj.主語(yǔ)謂語(yǔ)！句意為：真是一次難忘的經(jīng)歷呀！因?yàn)槲挥诰涫?，首字母大寫，故填How。4Aroundthispoint(develop) thestory，whichishumorousandfullofastronglocalflavor.(2019·天津和平區(qū)一模)答案develops解析考查完全倒裝。句意為：圍繞這一點(diǎn)展開(kāi)的故事，幽默風(fēng)趣，充滿濃郁的鄉(xiāng)土氣息。分析句子可知，aroundthispoint為表示地點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)，同時(shí)主語(yǔ)不是人稱代詞，故需用完全倒裝，把整個(gè)謂語(yǔ)放在主語(yǔ)之前。又因后文的is可知時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主語(yǔ)story為單數(shù)形式，故填三單形式develops。5Ifoundthecityfascinatingtotour，butitwasthedesertreallyappealedtome.(2019·東北三省聯(lián)考)答案that解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。把itwas和該空去掉，這個(gè)句子仍然結(jié)構(gòu)完整，語(yǔ)義清晰，所以這個(gè)句子是一個(gè)強(qiáng)調(diào)句，所以填that。6Ioftenwonderifitismistrustcausesmisunderstandingandconflictbetweenpeople.答案that解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：我經(jīng)常想是不是不信任導(dǎo)致了人們之間的誤解和沖突。本句考查了強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，強(qiáng)調(diào)的是名詞mistrust，指物，使用that強(qiáng)調(diào)。故填that。.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)1ItwasatthatmomentwhenIrealizedwhatIshoulddo.(2019·湖南益陽(yáng)模擬)答案whenthat解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：就在那一刻，我意識(shí)到我應(yīng)該做什么。去掉該句中的Itwas和that，剩余結(jié)構(gòu)及句意完整。因此該句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句，故把when改為that。2Whenbeingaskedaboutthisquestion，alargenumberofpeoplewhoareinterestedinthetopicholdtheviewthatitsbeneficialtoclonehumans.(2019·東北三校聯(lián)考)答案刪除being解析考查狀語(yǔ)從句的省略。句意為：當(dāng)被問(wèn)及這個(gè)問(wèn)題時(shí)，很多對(duì)這個(gè)話題感興趣的人認(rèn)為克隆人類是有益的。在when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中，當(dāng)主從句主語(yǔ)一致且含有be的某種形式時(shí)，從句的主語(yǔ)和be可以省略，本句中省略了theyare，另外，此處并不表示正在進(jìn)行，being是多余的，故刪掉being。3Asyourfriend，IjustwantyoutoknowhowgladlyIamatyoursuccess.(2019·山東泰安一模)答案gladlyglad解析考查感嘆句的基本結(jié)構(gòu)。句意為：作為你的朋友，我只是想要你知道我對(duì)你的成功是多么高興。本句為感嘆句，句中系動(dòng)詞是am，所以how后接形容詞，故將gladly改為glad。4Therewassomanypeopleatthepark，mostofwhomwereoldcouples.答案waswere解析考查therebe句型中的主謂一致。句意為：公園里有很多人，大多數(shù)是老夫妻。therebe句型為全部倒裝句，主語(yǔ)為somanypeople，所以謂語(yǔ)為were。故將was改為were。5Itisnotuntilyouexperienceinpersonwhenyoucangettherealmeaningfromnature.(2019·陜西咸陽(yáng)二模)答案whenthat解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句型。句意為：只有親身體驗(yàn)，你才能從大自然中獲得真正的意義。故將when改為that。增分寫作訓(xùn)練特殊句式在寫作中的應(yīng)用1AsanEnglishmajor，mylearningexperiencecontributestomyfreecommunicationwithlocals.(用強(qiáng)調(diào)句型升級(jí))(2019·全國(guó))AsanEnglishmajor，itismylearningexperiencethatcontributestomyfreecommunicationwithlocals.2Itwillnotonlybeagreatopportunityforyoutoshowyourexcellence，butalsowecancooperatewitheachothertowinourglory.(用notonly放句首的部分倒裝句升級(jí))(2019·全國(guó))Notonlywillitbeagreatopportunityforyoutoshowyourexcellence，butalsowecancooperatewitheachothertowinourglory.3Ifyouarewell­prepared，youwilldefinitelyfeelconfident.Therefore，youaremorelikelytoscoregoals.(用“only狀語(yǔ)”放句首的部分倒裝升級(jí))(2019·全國(guó))Onlyifyouarewell­preparedwillyoudefinitelyfeelconfident.Therefore，youaremorelikelytoscoregoals.4Ifitisconvenient，pleasecomeandenjoytheappealingperformancestobeheldontheMusicFestival.(用狀語(yǔ)從句的省略升級(jí))(2019·全國(guó))Ifconvenient，pleasecomeandenjoytheappealingperformancestobeheldontheMusicFestival.強(qiáng)化練(九).語(yǔ)法填空AThe population of the milu around Chinas Poyang Lake 1.(grow) from 47 to 55 since a group of the rare deer was released(釋放) there about a year ago.Yang Qibo，who is in charge of Poyang Countys wildlife protection station，told the public that they had recorded 2.birthof8deeroverthepastyear.LastApril，3.(improve) biodiversityinthelocalwetlandecosystem，Chinareleased47deerintothewildaroundPoyangLake，thecountryslargestfreshwaterlake.Thespeciessudden4.(disappear) occurredaround1,000yearsagointhisarea.Localofficialssaidthedeeradaptedwelltothenewenvironmentandcoexisted5.(peaceful) withlocalvillagers.Wheneveradeer6.(spot)，villagerswouldalwaysreportittowildlifeauthorities.Thereweresomecases7.thevillagerscropsweredamagedbythedeer，butthey usually chose to drive the deer away instead of hurting them.The milu，also known as Père Davids deer，is native to China.In China it bears the 8.(humor) name “sibuxiang” or “l(fā)ike none of the four” for its unique features.The wetland deer species is put 9.A­levelstateprotectionafteroverhuntingandhabitat(棲息地) lossledtoitsnearly10. (die) outintheearly20thcentury.Nowabout6,700deerliveacrossthecountry，including1,500inthewild.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇說(shuō)明文，介紹了中國(guó)為挽救瀕臨滅絕的珍稀動(dòng)物麋鹿所做的努力和成果。1答案hasgrown解析考查時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。since引導(dǎo)的從句用了一般過(guò)去時(shí)，主句謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的動(dòng)作已經(jīng)完成，故要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。population作主語(yǔ)時(shí)，若作為一個(gè)整體看待，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用單數(shù)；若著眼于成員或個(gè)體，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞常用復(fù)數(shù)。根據(jù)下文中的“from47to55”可知此處是作為一個(gè)整體看待，故此處用單數(shù)形式。2答案the解析考查冠詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處特指過(guò)去一年中八頭麋鹿的出生，是特指，故用定冠詞。3答案toimprove解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處所在部分是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，且作目的狀語(yǔ)，故要填不定式。4答案disappearance解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處作主語(yǔ)，要用名詞形式disappearance。5答案peacefully解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換?？仗幮揎椫^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞coexisted，故用副詞peacefully。6答案wasspotted解析考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。主語(yǔ)adeer是單數(shù)，與謂語(yǔ)spot“發(fā)現(xiàn)”是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，要用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)；再根據(jù)主句的時(shí)態(tài)可知，從句要用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。注意：spot的過(guò)去分詞要雙寫t，再加­ed。7答案where解析考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞cases，cases表示抽象的地點(diǎn)，且關(guān)系詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故要用關(guān)系副詞where。8答案humorous解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。空處作定語(yǔ)修飾name，故要用所給詞的形容詞形式humorous“詼諧的，滑稽有趣的”。9答案under解析考查介詞。under常與protection連用，表示“在的保護(hù)下”，故要用介詞under。10答案dying解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。leadto中的to是介詞，其后可跟名詞、代詞或動(dòng)名詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，故填dying。BItwassaidthatShennongtasted11. (vary) herbsinordertomasterthecharacteristicsofherbalmedicine.Hewaspoisonedsomeseventytimesadaybutwascuredbyaccidentallyeatingtealeaves.Sincethen，tea12.(become) oneofthemostpopulardrinksfirstinChinaandthenallovertheworld.Fromhistoricalrecords，teawasfamousasadrinkinthetimeofConfuciusandgrewin13._(popular) duringtheHanDynasty.BythetimeoftheTangDynastyteawasthenationaldrinkofChina,14.(spread) fromcourtcirclestobeingpopularthroughoutChinesesociety.Itwasduringthistime15.thepracticeofsendingthefinestteastotheemperorscourtasatribute(貢品) tohimdeveloped.AncientTeaHorseRoad(茶馬古道) wasatraderoutein16.past，connectingTibet，YunnanandSichuan.Ithadbeentheimportantpathalongwhichtea，horses，silkproductsandtraditionalChineseherbalmedicinewere17.(constant) transportedandtraded，alsoknown18.theSouthernSilkRoad.TodayChinaremainsoneofthelargest19.(provide) ofqualityteas.Greenteasrepresent75%to80%ofChinascurrentconsumption.Therestoftheproductionofgreenteas，andlotsoftheblackteas20.(export)11答案various解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。據(jù)說(shuō)為了掌握草藥的特性，神農(nóng)嘗過(guò)各種各樣的藥草。此處需用形容詞various修飾名詞herbs。12答案hasbecome解析考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和主謂一致。自那時(shí)起，茶就首先在中國(guó)成了最受歡迎的飲料之一，隨后在世界流行。根據(jù)句中的“Sincethen”可知，此處應(yīng)用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。又因主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，故填hasbecome。13答案popularity解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。inpopularity受歡迎，流行，為固定短語(yǔ)。14答案spreading解析考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處應(yīng)填非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞，又spread與其邏輯主語(yǔ)tea之間為主謂關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用其現(xiàn)在分詞形式在句中作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。15答案that解析考查強(qiáng)調(diào)句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型“Itis/was被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分that/who其他部分”，被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)duringthistime，故空處應(yīng)填that。16答案the解析考查冠詞。inthepast在過(guò)去，為固定短語(yǔ)。17答案constantly解析考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。此處應(yīng)用副詞constantly“經(jīng)常地，持續(xù)不斷地”作狀語(yǔ)修飾從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。18答案as解析考查介詞。beknownas.作為而出名，為固定用法。19答案providers解析考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。今天中國(guó)仍然是最大的上乘茶葉供應(yīng)國(guó)之一。此處為固定結(jié)構(gòu)“oneofthe形容詞最高級(jí)可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)”，表示“最之一”。故空處應(yīng)填providers。20答案areexported解析考查時(shí)態(tài)、語(yǔ)態(tài)和主謂一致。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空處在句中作謂語(yǔ)，此處表示一種客觀情況，故應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；主語(yǔ)Therestoftheproductionofgreenteas，andlotsoftheblackteas為復(fù)數(shù)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)；又export與主語(yǔ)之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。.短文改錯(cuò)21Everyonehasanideal.Somewanttobecomesoldierstoprotecttheirmotherland；otherwanttobeteachers，scientists，ordoctorstorescuethesickandthewounding.ButIwanttobeshoedesigner.Iwillinventaspeciallykindofshoes.Theyareverystrong，becausepeoplecanwearthemtoprotecttheirfeetwherevertheygo.Theykeepcoldaway，sopeoplecankeepthemwarmeveninsnowyweather.Ineithersideofeachshoe，thereisasolar­poweredlamp，whichgiveofflight.Therefore，whenpeoplewalkindarkness，theywillnolongerfearbeingtrappedbysomethingorsteppedonsomethingthatmayhurtthem.Torealizemyideal，Iwillstudymuchmoreharderthanever.答案Everyonehasanideal.Somewanttobecomesoldierstoprotecttheirmotherland；wanttobeteachers，scientists，ordoctorstorescuethesickandthe.ButIwanttobeshoedesigner.Iwillinventakindofshoes.Theyareverystrong，peoplecanwearthemtoprotecttheirfeetwherevertheygo.Theykeepcoldaway，sopeoplecankeep或themwarmeveninsnowyweather.eithersideofeachshoe，thereisasolar­poweredlamp，whichofflight.Therefore，whenpeoplewalkindarkness，theywillnolongerfearbeingtrappedbysomethingoronsomethingthatmayhurtthem.Torealizemyideal，Iwillstudymuchmoreharderthanever.第一處：考查代詞。some.others.“一些另一些”。這里的另一些不是特指剩余的全部，就是另一些，也就是說(shuō)除了這里的一些，另一些，可能還有剩余的。故other改成others。第二處：考查形容詞?！皌he形容詞”表示一類人。wounded“負(fù)傷的”符合句意。而wounding的意思是“傷人(感情)的，詆毀人的”。故wounding改成wounded。第三處：考查冠詞。shoedesigner為可數(shù)名詞，本句表示我想成為一名鞋設(shè)計(jì)師。所以應(yīng)用不定冠詞a/an來(lái)修飾。又因?yàn)閟hoe的首字母發(fā)音為輔音音素，所以用不定冠詞a來(lái)修飾。故be后加a。第四處：考查形容詞。修飾名詞kind用形容詞special。故specially改成special。第五處：考查連詞。分析句子可知，本句為因果關(guān)系，前半句為因，后半句為果。所以用so來(lái)連接。故because改成so。第六處：考查代詞或者刪除多余詞。主語(yǔ)和賓語(yǔ)為同一個(gè)人時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)用反身代詞?；蛉サ魌hem，就變成了半系動(dòng)詞keep后接形容詞。故them改成themselves或者去掉them。第七處：考查介詞。oneithersideof在的兩側(cè)，為固定用法。故In改成On。第八處：考查主謂一致。lamp為先行詞是單數(shù)形式，在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作主語(yǔ)，且句子為一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，所以用gives。故give改成gives。第九處：考查動(dòng)名詞。or連接的是being和stepping。故stepped改成stepping。第十處：考查形容詞比較級(jí)。部分雙音節(jié)詞和多音節(jié)詞需要在其前面使用more來(lái)構(gòu)成比較級(jí)。harder本身為比較級(jí)，所以more多余。故去掉more。22DearTom，Howareyougettingalong? Idontthinkthisisagoodideatotravelalotandvisitasmanyplaceaspossible.LastJulyBellpaidavisitonEurope.Europewasverybeautiful，buthisholidaywasntverynicely.Hevisitedseveralcountries，andwasineachofthecountriesforonlythreedays.Hevisitedagoodmanyplacesofinterest，butwasalwaysinhurry.ThoughhereturnedfromEurope，hewasverytired.SoIsuggestthatyouspentyourholidayinadifferentway.Wehadbettertravelwithafriendtoonecountryandtovisitonlyonecityatatime.Youllbeabletohaveagoodtime.Yourssincerely，John答案DearTom，Howareyougettingalong? Idontthinkisagoodideatotravelalotandvisitasmanyaspossible.LastJulyBellpaidavisitEurope.Europeverybeautiful，buthisholidaywasntvery.Hevisitedseveralcountries，andwasineachofthecountriesforonlythreedays.Hevisitedagoodmanyplacesofinterest，butwasalwaysinhurry.hereturnedfromEurope，hewasverytired.SoIsuggestthatyouyourholidayinadifferentway.hadbettertravelwithafriendtoonecountryandtovisitonlyonecityatatime.Youllbeabletohaveagoodtime.Yourssincerely，John第一處：考查代詞。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此句中真正的主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)詞不定式，所以前面應(yīng)用it作為形式主語(yǔ)。故將this改為it。第二處：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。many許多，后跟可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將place改為places。第三處：考查介詞。短語(yǔ)“payavisitto某地”意為“去某地參觀”。故將on改為to。第四處：考查動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，這里敘述的是客觀事實(shí)，所以應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，句子的主語(yǔ)是第三人稱單數(shù)，所以將was改為is。第五處：考查形容詞。wasnt后應(yīng)該用形容詞作表語(yǔ)，故將nicely改為nice。第六處：考查固定搭配。固定短語(yǔ)inahurry“匆忙”。故在in后面加上a。第七處：考查連詞。句意為：當(dāng)他從歐洲回來(lái)時(shí)(后)，他很累。When/As當(dāng)時(shí)候；After在之后。故將Though改為When/As/After。第八處：考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。suggest意為“建議”時(shí)，后面的賓語(yǔ)從句用虛擬語(yǔ)氣。即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should動(dòng)詞原形”，也可省略should。故將spent改為spend。第九處：考查代詞。根據(jù)前一句“SoIsuggestthatyouspendyourholidayinadifferentway.”可知，后句的主語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是you。故將We改為You。第十處：考查固定搭配。固定搭配“hadbetter動(dòng)詞原形”意為“最好”，這里的visit與前面的travel是并列的，故去掉to。.閱讀理解(2019·寧夏銀川一中二模)FabienCousteauwasbornwithdeeplovefortheocean.Hisgrandfatherandhisfatherwereoceanexplorersanddocumentaryfilmmakers.Fabienspenthisearlyyearsonhisgrandfathersships.Today，F(xiàn)abienfollowsinhisfamilysfootstepstoprotecttheplanetsendangeredoceanlife.Withhisvastknowledgeandexperience，hetriestostrikeabalancebetweenenvironmentalproblemsandmarketeconomies.Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During20002002，hecreatedaTVspecialcalledAttackoftheMysterySharkbasedonthesharkattacksthatoccurredalongtheNewJerseyshorelineinthesummerof1916.Thenin20032006，withthehelpofalargecrew，F(xiàn)abiencreatedasharksubmarine(潛水艇) thatenabledhimtoputhimselfinsidethesharkworld，providingpeoplewitharareviewofthemysteriousandoftenmisunderstoodcreatures.Forthenextfouryears (20062010)，F(xiàn)abienwaspartofaseriescalled，OceanAdventures，whichofferedararelookintosomeofthemostfantasticoceanspecies(物種) andenvironments.In2010，F(xiàn)abienstarted“PlantAFish”，anonprofitprojectforchildrentohelprestorelocalwaterecosystemsbyreplantingkeyoceanspecies.Savetheworld，onefishatatime.Theprojectisstillinprogressnowanditsfinalgoalistoplant1billion“fish”worldwide.FromJune1toJuly2,2014，F(xiàn)abienandhisteamspent31daysunderwatertoresearchhowclimatechangeandpollutionareaffectingtheoceans.FabiensMission31brokenewgroundbygoingdeeper，longerandfurther，exposing(顯露) theworldtotheadventureandthemystique(神秘) ofwhatliesbeneath.FabieniscurrentlyworkingonadocumentaryfilmabouttheadventuresofMission31，aswellasbuildinganOceanLearningCentertoprovidechildrenaroundtheworldwiththeopportunitytolearnaboutoceansandengagewithoceanexplorersdirectlythroughsocialmedia.語(yǔ)篇解讀文章主要介紹了著名的攝影師Fabien Cousteau ，他子承父業(yè)拍攝海洋生物紀(jì)錄片，并為保護(hù)海洋生態(tài)環(huán)境做出了一系列的努力。23WhatisNOTFabiensjob?AOceanexplorer.BDocumentaryfilmmaker.CEnvironmentalist.DMediamanager.答案D解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容可知，他是一位海洋探險(xiǎn)者；根據(jù)最后一段內(nèi)容可知，他是一位紀(jì)錄片制作人；根據(jù)第一段內(nèi)容可知，他是一位環(huán)保人士；但文中沒(méi)有提到他是媒體策劃經(jīng)理，故選D。24HowisParagraph2developed?AByprovidingfacts.BByofferinganalyses.CBymakingcomparisons.DBydrawingconclusions.答案A解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“Fabieniswellknownforhisstudyofsharks.During20002002.Thenin20032006.”可知。該段是用列舉事實(shí)法敘述他研究的情況。故選A。25Wecanlearnfromthetextthat.AFabiens“PlantAFish”projecthasalreadyachieveditsfinalgoalBFabiensMission31broketherecordsofformeroceanexplorationsCFabiensTVspecialaboutsharksisbasedonhischildhoodexperiencesDittookFabienfouryearstoproduceOceanAdventuresallonhisown答案B解析細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，F(xiàn)abiensMission31開(kāi)辟了一條新路，他走得更深、更久、更遠(yuǎn)，把海底的冒險(xiǎn)和神秘展示給了世人。也就是說(shuō)FabiensMission31打破了以前海洋探險(xiǎn)的記錄。故選B。26Inwhichpartofawebsitecanwereadthetext?AModernTechnology.BSpaceExploration.COutstandingFigures.DFantasticWildlife.答案C解析文章出處題。根據(jù)整篇短文圍繞Fabien在海洋的探險(xiǎn)、保護(hù)海洋、拍攝紀(jì)錄片等方面的貢獻(xiàn)可推斷，該文章屬于人物類短文。故選C。.七選五Nothingismoreimportanttoacademicachievementthanbeingagoodreader.Parentsknowtheirchildrenbestandcanprovidetheone­on­onetimeandattentionthatwillleadthemtosuccessinreading.27.Setasidea“ReadingTime”dailyStudiesshowthatregularlyreadingoutloudtochildrenwillproducesignificantgainsinreadingcomprehension.Whetheryourchildrenarepreschoolersorpreteens，itwillincreasetheirdesiretoreadindependently.SurroundkidswithreadingmaterialsChildrenwithalargenumberofreadingmaterialsintheirhomesscorehigheronstandardizedtests.Attractyourkidstoreadingbyhavingalargesupplyofappealingbooksandmagazinesattheirreadinglevel.28.Makeitafullpartofchildrenslives.HavefamilyreadingtimeSetadaily15­to­30­minutetimewheneveryoneinthefamilyreadstogethersilently.29.Just15minutesofdailypracticeisenoughtoincreasetheirreadingfluency.Encouragereadingactivities30.Havethemreadmenus，roadsidesigns，gamedirections，weatherreports，movietimelistings，andotherpracticaleverydayinformation.Also，makesuretheyalwayshavesomethingtoreadintheirsparetimewhentheycouldbewaitingforappointmentsorridinginacar. 31 Tohelpyourchildrenimprovetheirreading，usetextbooks，computerprograms，books­on­tape，andothermaterialsavailableinstores.Gamesareespeciallygoodchoicesbecausetheyletchildrenhavefunastheyworkontheirskills.AUseaidsthathelpwithreadingBOfferhelpwithreadingproblemsCSeeingyoureadwillinspireyourchildrentoreadDAssistyourchildrentoseizeopportunitiesforreadingEHereisalistofwaystohelpyourchildrenbecomemoreefficientreadersFPutthereadingmaterialsincars，bathrooms，bedrooms，andevenfamilyroomsGThemoreencouragementchildrenreceive，themorelikelytheyaretobecomegoodreaders27答案E解析由第一段中的關(guān)鍵信息“beingagoodreader.providetheone­on­onetimeandattentionthatwillleadthemtosuccessinreading”及對(duì)下文各段標(biāo)題等進(jìn)行綜合分析可知，此空應(yīng)填入E項(xiàng)(以下是幫助你的孩子成為更高效的讀者的方法清單)起到承上啟下的作用。28答案F解析結(jié)合該段的標(biāo)題Surroundkidswithreadingmaterials及該段的相關(guān)信息“havingalargesupplyofappealingbooksandmagazines”“Makeit.lives”可知，此處該填入F項(xiàng)(把閱讀材料放在車?yán)?、浴室、臥室，甚至家庭娛樂(lè)室里)。29答案C解析根據(jù)該段的標(biāo)題Havefamilyreadingtime及該段的相關(guān)信息“everyoneinthefamilyreadstogethersilently”可知選項(xiàng)C(看到你閱讀就會(huì)激勵(lì)你的孩子閱讀)符合語(yǔ)境。30答案D解析根據(jù)該段的標(biāo)題Encouragereadingactivities及該段的相關(guān)信息“readmenus，roadsidesigns，gamedirections，weatherreports，movietimelistings，andotherpracticaleverydayinformation”可知，選項(xiàng)D(幫助你的孩子抓住閱讀的機(jī)會(huì))符合語(yǔ)境。31答案A解析空處是該段的標(biāo)題，根據(jù)該段的內(nèi)容并結(jié)合備選項(xiàng)可判斷，選項(xiàng)A(使用幫助閱讀的輔助手段)作為該段標(biāo)題符合語(yǔ)境。17