2022年高中英語 Module 5 知識點講解 外研版必修1

2022年高中英語 Module 5 知識點講解 外研版必修1【詞條1】aim【點撥】aim常作名詞,意為"目的,目標(biāo)"。如:     As students, we must be clear about our learning aims.     I dont know his aim of going to Beijing at this time of the year.     【拓展】     1.aim作名詞常用于以下短語:     achieve ones aim"實現(xiàn)某人的目標(biāo)"。如:     She made great efforts in order to achieve her aims.     take aim at"向瞄準(zhǔn)；把矛頭或目標(biāo)對準(zhǔn)"。如:     The hunter took aim at the tiger and shot at it.     2. aim還可作動詞,意為"目的是,旨在；瞄準(zhǔn),對準(zhǔn)等"。常用于以下結(jié)構(gòu):     aim to do / at doing sth."旨在做某事"。如:     They are aiming to reduce the unemployment rate by 50%.     These steps aim at preventing crime.     aim at sth."向瞄準(zhǔn)"。如:     I was aiming at the tree but hit the car by accident.    【詞條2】balance    【點撥】balance可作名詞,意為"天平"。如:     My mother bought a pair of balances yesterday.     This kind of balance are mostly used in labs.    【拓展】     1. balance作名詞,還可意為"平衡,均衡",常用于balance between A and B。如:     You should learn to keep a balance between work and relaxation.     2. 體會下列各句中balance短語的意思:     Can you keep your balance standing on one leg? (保持平衡)     She lost her balance while performing and had her leg hurt. (失去平衡)     Hanging in the air, he is out of balance. (失去平衡)     3. balance也可作動詞,意為"保持平衡；相抵,抵消；權(quán)衡,比較"。如:     How long can you balance on the narrow wood?     She tries to balance her home life and work.     Before making a decision, we must balance the advantages against its disadvantages.     4. balanced n."平衡的,均衡的"。如:      We must keep a balanced diet to keep fit.    【詞條3】expand    【點撥】expand為動詞,意為"擴大,增加；膨脹"。如:     A childs vocabulary expands through reading.      Metals expand when they are heated.    【拓展】     1. expand作動詞,還可意為"擴張,發(fā)展；闡述,詳述"。如:     We have expanded our business by opening two more stores.     I repeated the question and waited for her to expand.     2. expand意為"詳述,充分?jǐn)⑹?quot;,常用于expand on / upon sth.。如:     Could you expand on that point, please?     3. expandable adj."可擴張的,可擴充的"；expansion n."擴張,擴展；膨脹"。如:     This is an expandable suitcase.這是個可伸縮的公文包。     Though the economic situation is not so good, the pany is confident of its further expansion.         經(jīng)典短語透視    【短語1】add.to.    【點撥】add . to .意為"往加入"     如:Please add his name to this list.     Do you have anything to add to his statement?      【拓展】常見的其他add短語還有:     add up"把加起來；合計起來"。如:     Add up the numbers in this line and then you will get the final result.      add up to"總計為"。如:     All the students in our school add up to 572.    【短語2】used to    【點撥】used to 意為"過去經(jīng)常",其中to為不定式符號,后接動詞原形。如:     He used to climb the mountain every Sunday.     I used to stay up late.     【拓展】     1. be used to do, be used to doing, used to do, be used as用法辨析:     be used to do 意為"被用來做某事"。如:     My literature book is used to be a pillow (枕頭)for the little boy.     be used to doing意為"習(xí)慣做某事",其中to 是介詞。如:     He has been used to living in the new school.     used to do意為"過去常常做某事"。如:     I used to sing loudly in the music class.     be used as 意為"當(dāng)做來用"。如:     Papers were used as a table when we were having picnic last week.     2. used to do 和would 用法比較:     兩者都表示過去的動作,當(dāng)表示過去習(xí)慣性的動作時,兩者可互換。如:     When we were children we would go skating every winter.      相當(dāng)于When we were children we used to go skating every winter.     若表示過去持續(xù)的狀態(tài),或強調(diào)過去與現(xiàn)在的對比,通常只用used to,     不用would。如:He is not what he used to be.     I dont smoke these days, but I used to.     【短語3】be supposed to    【點撥】be supposed to意為"應(yīng)該；本該",其中to是動詞不定式符號,不是介詞,其后要跟動詞原形。如:     My sister is supposed to be back from America two days later.     What you are supposed to do is studying well and being a useful person for society.     【拓展】     1. be supposed to do還可以意為"被期望",它可以用來表示勸告、議；義務(wù)、責(zé)任等。如:     Everyone is supposed to reach the classroom a little earlier than the bell rings.      2. be supposed to have done意為"本應(yīng)做某事(但事實上沒有做)",表示一種虛假的情況。如:     You are supposed to have handed in your homework by now.      3. be supposed to的否定結(jié)構(gòu)為be not supposed to,它常用于口語中,意為"不被許可；不應(yīng)當(dāng)"。如:     She was not supposed to be angry about that. 她本不該為那件事而生氣。         熱點語法聚焦    形容詞、副詞的比較級和最高級    形容詞和副詞比較難把握的就是級。本期我們主要學(xué)習(xí)一下形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成及一些表示比較的固定結(jié)構(gòu)。    一、形容詞、副詞比較級和最高級的構(gòu)成     單音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)形容詞及副詞在詞尾加-er和-est構(gòu)成比較級和最高級；多音節(jié)形容詞和副詞在原級前加more和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級。例如:         原級 比較級 最高級    bright brighter brightest    thin thinner thinnest    important more important most important    naturally more naturally most naturally    hard harder hardest        二、表示比較的結(jié)構(gòu)    1. 比較級+ and + 比較級,意為"越來越"。如:Its being warmer and warmer.2. the +比較級,the +比較級,意為"越越"。如:The harder you work, the better result you will get.3. no more . than .,意為"和一樣不"。如:I have no more money than Lily.4. no less than,意為"多達(dá),那樣多"。如:I think he has worked for no less than 5 years till now.