2022年高中英語《Unit One—The Olympic Games》學(xué)案（3） 必修2

2022年高中英語Unit OneThe Olympic Games學(xué)案（3） 必修2學(xué)習(xí)內(nèi)容：1、 了解被動(dòng)語態(tài)的基本內(nèi)容。2、 了解將來時(shí)和含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)形式。3、 了解被動(dòng)語態(tài)中需要注意的幾個(gè)問題學(xué)習(xí)方法：觀察分析，合作交流，自我總結(jié)。學(xué)習(xí)時(shí)間：被動(dòng)語態(tài)的使用場合1 當(dāng)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者不易指出或不須明確說出時(shí)：-The shoes are made in China2 當(dāng)動(dòng)作執(zhí)行者不言自明時(shí)：-I was asked several questions in the oral exam3 當(dāng)動(dòng)作的承受者比動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者更有必要強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)（這時(shí)動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者用by 引出來）4為了委婉、禮貌而不愿或不宜說出動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者 The pupils are required to keep silent5 由于句子結(jié)構(gòu)或前后行文的需要The foreign guests came into the hall and were given a warm wele by the children一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成will /shall + be + 過去分詞done , 表示某事將要被干，各種句式有(肯定句）The room will be cleaned tomorrow(否定句）The room will not be cleaned tomorrow(疑問句）When will the room be cleaned?一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語態(tài)還可以are/is going to+be+過去分詞done 構(gòu)成，表示按計(jì)劃或安排，某事將要被干A sports meeting is going to be held in our school next week含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ be + 動(dòng)詞的過去分ci -Can it be finished in two weeks? -That may be done a little later使用被動(dòng)語態(tài)要注意的幾個(gè)問題1 被動(dòng)語態(tài)中的by sb 和with sth被動(dòng)句中,執(zhí)行者一般不表示，如需表示，則用短語by sb, 而with sth 表示“用某種材料This picture was painted by Tom The picture was painted with oil colorTranslate He was killed by a stone He was killed with a stoneThe ground was covered _ snow2系動(dòng)詞不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)（happen, take place） This dish smells delicious3 Have 無論表示“有”，還是表示其它意思時(shí)，都不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)The house has three bedrooms Hell have the gardener plant some trees4 表示狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：equal, fit, hold, join, mean, last, cost, wish, belong等，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)-The meeting lasted two hours -This dictionary cost me 80 yuan5當(dāng)及物動(dòng)詞leave, enter, reach的賓語是地點(diǎn)、處所或組織時(shí)，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)-He will reach Beijing tomorrow6 當(dāng)動(dòng)詞和賓語已組成不可分割的成語時(shí)，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài), 如：keep ones word, make up ones mind, speak ones mind(說出心里話），do ones best, take ones seat, lose heart , shake hands, keep watch(守望），make a face I will keep my word7 Let 后跟單音節(jié)動(dòng)詞作賓補(bǔ)，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中不定式仍不帶to-The farmers let the grass grow -The grass was let grow -The prisoners were let go如果let后有較長詞組，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中用allow, permit 代替let-We were not allowed/ permitted to take any photos8有些動(dòng)詞意思上是被動(dòng)，形式上卻要用主動(dòng)，其主語通常是物。 這些動(dòng)詞是wash, write, sell, read, wear, shut, lock, blame, let等-This kind of cloth washes very well.(耐洗 -Your pen writes quite smoothly-Each duck sells five yuan -The sign reads “Stop”The book reads well-This raincoat will wear well -The drawer shuts easily-The door locks automatically -You are to blame-This room lets for 1000 yuan a month -This house will let easily9將來進(jìn)行時(shí)和完成進(jìn)行時(shí)沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)He will be doing his exercises at eight this eveningThe workers have been running the machines for three weeks10被動(dòng)語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)， 兩者形式相似，但含義不同-The book was written by Lu Xun.(被動(dòng)語態(tài)The book is well written.（系表結(jié)構(gòu)，標(biāo)主語的特點(diǎn)和所處的狀態(tài)）有些系動(dòng)詞（get, bee) +過去分詞結(jié)構(gòu)，在意思上接近被動(dòng)語態(tài)get wounded, get lost, get dressed, get hurt, get paid, get separated11 make, see, watch, hear等動(dòng)詞接不帶to 的不定式作賓補(bǔ)。 但在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中，不定式的符號to須補(bǔ)上-They made him go. He was made to go12短語動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)語態(tài)， 不要丟掉后面的介詞或副詞They laughed at him. He was laughed at They make use of electricity every day Electricity is made use of every day.For this reason he was often made fun of自我檢測：1 The leader said that good use must be _the oilA . make B. made C. made of D. made use of2 Visitors _ not to touch the exhibits. requestingA will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested3 All the preparations for the task _, and were ready to start.A. pleted B. plete C. had been pleted D. have been plted4 Books of this kind well A sell B sells C are sold D is sold5_ the sports meet might be put off. Yes, it all depends on the weather.A. Ive been told B. Ive told C. Im told D. I told6. Cleaning women in big cities usually get _ by the hour A pay B paying C paid D to pay7. The Olympic Games _ every four yearsA is going to hold B. will hold C. is going to be held D. are to be held答案：1-7cddaacc