2019高考英語一輪選習練題 模塊5 Unit 1 Getting along with others（含解析）牛津譯林版

模塊5U1李仕才一、閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。I'm sometimes told，“You have to make your own luck.If you don't try something，how can you succeed？”This is very true for competitions.There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions with great enthusiasm.These people are nicknamed compers.The motivation for being a comper is obvious：it's about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize.These prizes can be small or large：from a box of chocolates to a new car，a trip of a lifetime around the world，or even a new house.Isn't that worth competing for?Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.But one man who has been lucky is a retired lecturer from the UK called Martin Dove.He is a serial comper and has managed to bag prizes such as a yacht and a racehorse.Martin says：“I've been a comper for 40 years.It's like admitting some addiction，isn't it？”He gets respect from other compers and also admits，“Some people have called me the Master of Comping，the King of Comping，the Guru of Comping.But it's just a word，just a phrase.It's just because I frequently appeared in the media.”For many，winning remains a dream，but they continue to try their luck as there's always a small chance that they might succeed.But what if you do win? Then you have to ask：how am I going to spend all that money? Some people say that “money can't buy you happiness”What do you think?1What does the author mean by“This is very true for competitions”？ACompetitions bring people luck.BOne must be in a competition to win it.CTrying gets people to succeed.DPeople naturally compete with each other.2Who are compers?AThose always standing out in competitions.BThose addicted to entering competitions.CThose often entering competitions for prizes.DThose competing for others' recognition.3What does the underlined word“odds”probably mean?APossibility. BInvestment.CImportance. DAdvantage.4What do Martin's words suggest?AAny job can offer opportunities.BHe has attracted considerable attention.CPersistence is the key to his success.DHe has set a good example to others.【解題導語】本文是一篇說明文，闡述了一種社會現(xiàn)象：有些人總是熱衷于參加各種形式的比賽活動，目的就是獲獎。你是否有過類似的經(jīng)歷呢？【難句分析】Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely.分析：本句是一個復(fù)合句。that offer money prizes是定語從句，修飾先行詞competitions。 making the odds of winning very unlikely是現(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語。譯文：當然，提供現(xiàn)金獎勵的比賽會吸引成千上萬的人參與，這就使得獲勝的概率變得很小了。1B考查推理判斷。This指的應(yīng)是前面的“If you don't try something，how can you succeed？”，再結(jié)合第二段提到的人們參加比賽贏獎可知，此處指的是對于比賽來說，一個人必須先參與進去然后才有可能贏得比賽，故選B。2C考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第二段中的“There are people who regularly take part in all sorts of competitions.its about being a winner and being rewarded with a prize”可知，compers指的是那些頻繁地參加比賽以獲取獎品的人。故選C。3A考查詞義猜測。根據(jù)畫線詞所在句“Of course competitions that offer money prizes attract entry from millions of people，making the odds of winning very unlikely”并結(jié)合常識可知，比賽的獎金是有限的，而參賽的人越多，獲獎的概率就越小。由此可知，odds的意思是“概率，可能性”。故選A。4B考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段的最后兩句及第四段的內(nèi)容尤其是“gets respect from other compers”“Some people have called me the Master of Comping，the King of Comping，the Guru of Comping.But it's just a word，just a phrase.It's just because I frequently appeared in the media”可知，Martin經(jīng)常參加比賽，而且得到了一些大獎并贏得了其他參賽者的尊重，甚至一些人稱其為“參賽大師”、“參賽之王”、“參賽專家”。由此可知，Martin得到了廣泛的關(guān)注。故選B。二、單項填空1.Did he _ taking away your digital camera on the desk?No. Perhaps it wasnt stolen by him.A. receive B. admit C. permit D. accept【答案】B【解析】句意： “他承認從桌子上拿走你的數(shù)碼相機了嗎？” “沒有?；蛟S不是他偷的。 ”receive 接收，收到；admit 承認，允許進入； permit 允許，許可；accept 接受。2.The phrase “new normal”, one of the top 10 new expressions of 2014, conveyed the idea that China needs to_ the quality of its economic development and adapt to a new situation.A. meet with B. put off C. give away D. focus on【答案】D【解析】focus on 集中注意力于；meet with 符合，遭受；put off 推遲，脫去；give away 放棄(機會)；泄露(秘密等)，分發(fā)，出賣。句意：“新常態(tài)”，2014 年十大新詞匯之一，傳遞了這樣的理念，中國必須注重經(jīng)濟發(fā)展的質(zhì)量和適應(yīng)新的形勢。3.The media made different remarks _ Malaysian Airlines MH370 Flight recently.A. on B. for C. of D. in【答案】A【解析】句意：最近媒體對馬航 MH370 有不同的評價。這里使用了詞組 make different remarks on 對做出不同的評價。4.Gun control is a subject _ Americans have argued for a long time.A. of which B. with which C. about which D. into which【答案】C【解析】先行詞是 Gun control, 指物，關(guān)系詞在從句中做介詞的賓語，介詞前置，介詞與從句動詞構(gòu)成搭配 argue about sth。句意：槍支管理是美國人長期爭論的一個話題。5.I _ you for my behaviour yesterday and please accept my sincere apology, or I will be guilty.A. betrayed B. forgave C. apologized to D. satisfied with【答案】B【解析】betray 出賣，背叛；forgive 原諒，寬?。籥pologize 道歉；satisfy 滿足。句意：我因昨天的行為向你道歉，請接受我真誠的歉意，否則我會內(nèi)疚的。6.Iris is always kind and _ to the suffering of others.No wonder she chooses to be a relief worker.A. allergic B. immune C. relevant D. sensitive【答案】D【解析】allergic 過敏的，過敏癥的，對極討厭的；immune 免疫的，有免疫力的，不受影響的；relevant有關(guān)的，中肯的，相關(guān)聯(lián)的；sensitive 敏感的，be sensitive to 對敏感的。句意： “艾麗斯對別人的苦難總是善良和敏感的。 ” “難怪她選擇去做救援人員。 ”7.When interviewed, he said to the Global Times, “Unlike political parties in the West, the CPC, a pioneering party,is _ to wholeheartedly serving the people.”A. related B. accustomed C. attached D. committed【答案】D【解析】be related to 與有關(guān)系；be accustomed to(doing )sth.習慣于(做)某事；be attached to 附屬于；be committed to 獻身于，致力于。句意：接受采訪時，他對環(huán)球時報說： “不同于西方的政黨，中國共產(chǎn)黨是開創(chuàng)性的黨，是全心全意致力于為人民服務(wù)的黨。 ”8.It is a golden rule in international trade that if you export nothing but raw materials, youre at the _ ofworld prices.A. risk B. expense C. mercy D. Cost【答案】C【解析】at the mercy of 任擺布，在前毫無辦法，故選 C 項。句意：這是國際貿(mào)易中的一個黃金法則，如果你只出口原材料，你就受到世界價格的擺布了。9.Our government has tried every means to make children enjoy the equal right to receive education, _ theirfinancial situation.A. in terms of B. on behalf of C. regardless of D. in view of【答案】C【解析】句意：我們的政府已經(jīng)嘗試了各種方式以使得我們的孩子不管經(jīng)濟狀況如何都可以享受到公平的教育。in terms of 在方面；on behalf of 代表；regardless of 不管，不顧；in view of 鑒于。10.He is the first person you can think of to _,for he is always ready to help whoever is in need.A. approve of B. rely on C. bring about D. keep on【答案】B【解析】approve of 批準，贊同；rely on 依賴，依靠；bring about 導致，造成；keep on 堅持，繼續(xù)。句意：他是第一個你能想到的可以信賴的人，因為他總是愿意幫助任何需要幫助的人。11.The graduates _ into the company usually receive strict training before they start to work.A. accepted B. accepting C. admitted D. admitting【答案】C【解析】admit sb.to/into.接受某人(成為其中一員), 其被動式為 sb.be admitted to/into.。本題中此結(jié)構(gòu)用作定語, 相當于定語從句 who are admitted into the company。句意：畢業(yè)生被公司錄用并開始工作之前通常接受嚴格的培訓。12.The students listened carefully to the teacher with their eyes _ on the blackboard.A. to focus B. focusing C. being focused D. focused【答案】D【解析】focus ones eyes on.把視線集中到上，在 with 復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)中 their eyes 與 focus on 之間為邏輯上的被動關(guān)系，故應(yīng)用過去分詞 focused。句意：學生們目光盯著黑板認真聽老師講課。13.In recent years Chinas space program has made great progress, in parallel with the countrys _ economicrise.A. relative B. remarkable C. relevant D. reluctant【答案】B【解析】remarkable adj.非凡的，奇異的，顯著的。句意：伴隨著中國經(jīng)濟的顯著崛起，近年來中國的太空計劃也取得了巨大進步。14.Thus, I would argue _ copying previous architectural styles and choose something fresh and different,even though that might be the more risky choice.A. with B. for C. against D. over【答案】C【解析】 argue for 為而爭論， 為而辯護； argue against 爭辯(反對)； argue with sb.about/over sth.與某人爭論某事；句意：因此，我反對抄襲以前的建筑風格，選擇一些新鮮的不同的東西，盡管這可能是更冒險的選擇。15.Have you made an apology _ him _ breaking his window?Yes, I have.A. for, to B. to, to C. for, for D. to, for【答案】D【解析】make an apology to sb. for sth.就某事向某人道歉。句意： “你因為打破他的玻璃向他道歉了嗎？”“是的，我道歉了。 ”三、完形填空。When your child is supposed to be doing homework, are they chatting with their friends on Facebook or playing games? Many studies have shown that multitasking doesn't _1_， _2_ you child is probably proudly claiming they can do ten things _3_！ Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time, but Dr. Edward Hallowell says this is _5_. The reality is that multitasking _6_ poor job performance.New hand­help _7_ such as smartphones, iPads, games and social networking sites make it very easy to multitask and _8_ attention leading to difficulty focusing on the task _9_， such as listening in the classroom or doing homework. “_10_， the brain actually _11_ kids for multitasking even though your child's performance on every task gets worse and worse. Kids don't know that they are doing _12_ because they feel better when they multitask，” says Dr. Edward Hallowell._13_ the appearance of hand­held devices and social networking sites, teachers have noticed a difference in _14_ performance, critical thinking skills and how information is _15_. “Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn，” says Dr. Edward Hallowell. Kids have a difficult time sticking with a “difficult to understand” topic and _16_ to allow themselves to be distracted (注意力分散的), to tune out and switch _17_ to Facebook or using their cell phones _18_ working harder at understanding a difficult subject or problem. In the long _19_， multitasking affects grades. One study shows that kids that use the Internet while in class do _20_ on tests, resulting in lower grades.1A.play BunderstandCuse Dwork2A.only if Beven thoughCso that Dno wonder3A.at once Bright awayCin no time Dat random4A.advocate BdealCperform Dprefer5A.impossible BimportantCimpatient Dimpolite6A.results in Bresults fromCexists in Dexists from7A.designs BdiscoveriesCequipment Devidence8A.attract BdrawCpay Dshare9A.at hand Bon timeCon schedule Dat times10A.Uncertainly BUnfortunatelyCUniversally DUndoubtedly11A.remains BrewardsCregards Dreflects12A.better BwellCbad Dworse13A.Since BBeforeCWhen DWhile14A.accidental BaccurateCaccessible Dacademic15A.produced BprocessedCpossessed Dpromoted16A.tend BattendCintend Dpretend17A.out BonCoff Dover18A.except for Brather thanCmore than Dapart from19A.run BwalkCjourney Ddistance20A.hardly BsuccessfullyCpoorly Dmildly【解題導語】本文主要講述了孩子們同時做多項任務(wù)對學業(yè)所造成的負面影響。1D根據(jù)下文中的“The reality is that multi­tasking _6_ poor job performance”可推知，一次做很多事情并沒有什么效果，work“奏效，起作用”。2B根據(jù)語境可知，空處上下句之間存在邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，even though“即使，盡管”，符合語境。3A根據(jù)下文中的“Many people believe that they can _4_ two or more tasks at the same time”可知，孩子們會聲稱能同時做十件事情。at once“一起，同時”。4C根據(jù)語境可知，許多人相信他們可以同時做兩件或是更多事情。perform“做，執(zhí)行，履行”。5A根據(jù)下文中的“poor job performance”可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell認為同時做多個任務(wù)是不可能的。故A項正確。6A根據(jù)語境尤其是“poor job performance”可推知，同時做多項任務(wù)的結(jié)果很不好。result in“導致，造成”。7C根據(jù)空后的“smartphones, iPads”可知，此處表示新的便攜式裝備，故C項正確。下文13空后的“hand­held devices”也是信息提示。8D根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)eading to difficulty focusing on the task”可推知，多任務(wù)容易分散注意力。share“共享，共用”。9A根據(jù)空后的“such as listening in the classroom or doing homework”可知，這些都是手頭要做的事。at hand“在手邊”。10B根據(jù)第一段最后兩句可知，Dr. Edward Hallowell并不贊成多任務(wù)行為，因此當大腦給這種行為以肯定或鼓勵時，他認為是不幸的。11B根據(jù)空后的“even though”可知，空處與worse形成對比，由此可推知大腦反而鼓勵這種多任務(wù)行為。reward“獎賞，報答”。12D根據(jù)上文中的“gets worse and worse”和空后的“because they feel better when they multitask”可知，孩子們并不知道自己變得更糟糕。13A結(jié)合空后現(xiàn)在完成時的運用可知，此處應(yīng)用連詞since“自從之后”引導狀語從句。14D根據(jù)上文的“teachers”可推知，老師們注意到學生們在學業(yè)上的差異。academic“學術(shù)的”。15B根據(jù)下文中的“Multitasking prevents people from gaining a deep understanding of the information they are trying to learn”可知，這些便攜式工具的出現(xiàn)改變了學生處理信息的方式。process“處理”。16A根據(jù)空前的“Kids have a difficult time sticking with a difficult to understand topic”可知，孩子們很難堅持一個理解起來有困難的話題，他們的注意力往往會分散。tend to do sth.“往往會做某事”。17D根據(jù)語境可知，既然注意力分散了，孩子們就有可能轉(zhuǎn)而關(guān)注學習之外的東西。switch over to“轉(zhuǎn)向”。18B根據(jù)語境可知，孩子們?nèi)ネ媸謾C或Facebook，而不是更努力地學習。rather than“而不是”。19Ain the long run為固定短語，意為“從長遠來看”，符合語境。20C根據(jù)空后的“resulting in lower grades”可知，在課堂上上網(wǎng)的孩子考試成績差。四、短文改錯。Good morning, everyone! What I'd like to share it with you today is my source of strength. My grandmother died of the incurable illness last year, and I still miss her terribly. I will never see her again, never share a laugh with her and buy her a new scarf. The older I get, the more I realize that love, unconditional love, is rarely. When you lose a grandparent, you lose one of the few persons who love you. So much has happened from my grandmother's death. Time keeps rushed forward. Sometimes I wish I can make it stop. In the chaos of these changing times, my grandmother gave me numerous sweet memory that I can hold on to. I may not always know I'm going, but I will always know where I came. To me, that was a source of great strength.【答案】Good morning, everyone! What I'd like to share with you today is my source of strength. My grandmother died of incurable illness last year, and I still miss her terribly. I will never see her again, never share a laugh with her an buy her a new scarf. The older I get, the more I realize that love, unconditional love, is rarel. When you lose a grandparent, you lose one of the few persons who love you. So much has happened fro my grandmother's death. Time keeps rushe forward. Sometimes I wish I ca make it stop. In the chaos of these changing times, my grandmother gave me numerous sweet memor that I can hold on to. I may not always know I'm going, but I will always know where I came. To me, that wa a source of great strength.第一處：考查主語從句。what引導主語從句，在主語從句中作share的賓語，故it多余。第二處：考查冠詞。泛指“一種不治之癥”用不定冠詞，incurable的讀音以元音音素開頭，其前應(yīng)用an。第三處：考查連詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處指也不能給她買一條新圍巾，應(yīng)用or。第四處：考查形容詞。is是系動詞，后面接形容詞作表語。第五處：考查連詞?！皊ince時間點”常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。第六處：考查非謂語動詞。“keep動名詞”表示“一直做某事”。第七處：考查虛擬語氣。wish后面的從句表示與現(xiàn)在相反的情況，謂語動詞應(yīng)用一般過去時，即“could動詞原形”。第八處：考查名詞復(fù)數(shù)。memory是可數(shù)名詞，被“numerous”修飾時應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式。第九處：考查賓語從句。根據(jù)下文“but I will always know where I came”可知，這里是指“我不知道我要去哪”?！発now”后面用where引導賓語從句。第十處：考查動詞的時態(tài)。這篇文章主要以一般現(xiàn)在時為主，且此處描述的是客觀事實，故用is。11