高考英語(yǔ)一輪 選修八 Unit 5復(fù)習(xí)題及答案解析

Unit 5Meeting your ancestors .閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。M：Miss Dermott, let me ask you straight away. Do you think, within a few years, many people could be working at home instead of working in _1_？W：Oh, yes. It's happening now. You see, the communication industry _2_(make) much progress in the last ten years.新*課標(biāo)*第*一*網(wǎng)M：And how do these people manage to work? I mean, what equipment do they have at home?W：Well, they have a television set, a computer, a printer, and a telephone _3_(connect) with other computers.M：Oh, I see._4_ surely there're some advantages in being able to work at home.W：Yes. _5_ at home, people don't have to spend a lot of time getting to and back from their work places. The rush hours are the time of day with the _6_(slow) traffic. Millions of people have to get up early to avoid the rush hours.M：Ah, yes, I see. What do you think about the conditions of home workers?W：Oh, let me tell you _7_ might become of them. In the future a British firm in, for example, London，_8_ employ clerks in Belfast, or a Paris company could have their secretaries in Spain, and then _9_ just use a telephone to call around for _10_ labor.答案1.offices2.has made3.connected4.But5Working6.slowest7.what8.might9.they10the.完形填空體裁：夾敘夾議話題：感染他人詞數(shù)：314難度：建議用時(shí)：16分鐘A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet with _1_ lace edges.On the glass partition that _2_the driver's seat was a copy of a famous painting.Its windows were all clean.The customer was very much _3_ and said to the driver，“I've never seen a nicer _4_.”“Thank you for your praise.”the driver answered _5_.“The car isn't mine，”said the driver.“It belongs to the company.I used to be a _6_ of cabs.When they returned，all of them were as _7_ as garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish _8_ here and there.On the seats and doorhandles could be found something _9_ like peanut sauce or，chewing gum.Why so？I thought if the car itself were very clean the passengers would most _10_ be considerate and refrain from littering.”“So when I got a_11_ to be a taxidriver，I began to _12_ my idea into practiceto tidy and _13_the car.Now before a new passenger gets on my car，I'd make a check and be sure it is in good order.When my car _14_ after a day's work，it always remains _15_.”x_k_b_1When doing a thing，one makes efforts and wants to see the result.To change others，one has to make twice the _16_but get half the result.To change oneself is the other way roundmore fruit with less effort.One had better ask oneself why one makes _17_on others much more than on oneself._18_ you take enough care to do as best you can for other people's sake，your efforts will yield results.If you _19_ the inner world of your own，examine yourself and wipe out the dust and dirt，instead of fixing your eyes on other people，you will find a cheerful _20_ for yourself and create a pleasant environment for others.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】出租車(chē)司機(jī)自己把車(chē)?yán)镘?chē)外打掃得一塵不染，并且裝飾了一番，這樣避免了乘客乘車(chē)亂扔垃圾。這就告訴我們：要想改變別人，就要先為他人著想，這樣才能得到你想要的結(jié)果。1A.ugly BexcitingCbrilliant Dfavorite答案C既然羊毛地毯的花邊能吸引到乘客，肯定顏色鮮艷(brilliant)，并且下文也提到窗明幾凈。2A.separated BcoveredCprotected Dprevented答案A司機(jī)的座位和乘客之間用玻璃或其他物體隔開(kāi)。所以separate符合語(yǔ)境。3A.moved BannoyedCdisappointed Dsurprised答案D毛毯好看，隔離帶是一幅名畫(huà)，而且窗明幾凈，顧客當(dāng)然會(huì)感到驚奇(surprised)。4A.seat Bcarpet Cgarage Dcab答案D根據(jù)上文“A man hired a taxi outside the airfield.The cab had a woolen carpet.”可知cab就是指taxi。5A.suddenly BsmilinglyChopefully Ddoubtfully答案B聽(tīng)到乘客贊揚(yáng)，司機(jī)面帶微笑地(smilingly)表示感謝。6A.driver BcleanerCrepairer Dcustomer答案B依據(jù)第3段第1句可知后來(lái)主人公當(dāng)了司機(jī)。既然每天等司機(jī)們的車(chē)回來(lái)，能看到車(chē)內(nèi)的情況，最有可能是清潔工(cleaner)。7attractive BpleasantCdirty Dclean答案C由下文“garbage cans with cigarette butts and rubbish”可知車(chē)內(nèi)和垃圾桶一樣臟，故選C項(xiàng)。8A.spread BextendedCdotted Dleft答案Dwith cigarette butts and rubbish left意為“煙頭和垃圾丟得(left)到處都是”。9A.funny Bbusy Csticky Dclumsy答案C句意：在座位和門(mén)的把手上黏著(sticky)一些像是花生醬和口香糖的東西。10A.likely BwillinglyCextremely Dregularly答案A句意：如果我把車(chē)內(nèi)收拾干凈，乘客就有可能(likely)為我考慮，控制自己不扔垃圾。11A.permit BlicenseCcertificate Dpassport答案B要想成為一位司機(jī)，駕照(license)是必不可少的。12A.put Btake Cmake Dget答案Aput.into practice是固定短語(yǔ)，意為“把付諸實(shí)踐”。13A.provide BdriveCdecorate Ddescribe答案C由第1段可知帶花邊的毛毯和名畫(huà)都屬于裝飾，所以decorate符合語(yǔ)境。14A.speeds Bleaves Carrives Dreturns答案D句意：當(dāng)我開(kāi)了一天車(chē)回來(lái)(returns)時(shí)，車(chē)內(nèi)依然一塵不染(spotless)。15A.spotless BprettyCbright Ddirty答案A見(jiàn)上題解析。16A.progress BeffortCattempt Dtrial答案B為了改變別人，自己要付出雙倍努力，但效果卻只有一半。make efforts/make an effort“作出努力”。17A.suggestions BcommentsCdemands Ddecisions答案C句意：有人會(huì)問(wèn)為什么一個(gè)人總對(duì)別人提出的要求(demands)比自己的多呢。make demands on sb“對(duì)某人提出要求”。xkb118A.Though BWhile CAs DIf答案D句意：如果(If)你為別人著想，盡心盡力去做事，就會(huì)收到成果。19A.look into Blook forClook up Dlook through答案A句意：如果你看一下自己的內(nèi)心世界，自我反省，揭去“灰塵”和“污垢”，而不是盯著別人的缺點(diǎn)，你就可以讓自己心情(mood)愉悅，并且為別人營(yíng)造宜人的環(huán)境。look into“往里面看”。20A.spirit Bmood Cmind Dsense答案B見(jiàn)上題解析。.閱讀理解A體裁：說(shuō)明文w w w .話題：產(chǎn)品介紹詞數(shù)：326難度：建議用時(shí)：6分鐘(2020·福建，B)Your glasses may someday replace your smartphone，and some New Yorkers are ready for the switch.Some in the city can't wait to try them on and use the maps and GPS that the futuristic eyewear is likely to include.x§k§b 1“I'd use it if I were hanging out with friends at 3 am.and going to the bar and wanted to see what was open，” said Walter Choo,40，of Fort Greene.The smartphonelike glasses will likely come out this year and cost between $250 and $600，the Times said，possibly including a variation of augmented(增強(qiáng)的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板電腦) that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings.So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions could be plotted out and come into view right on the sidewalk in front of you.“As far as a mainstream consumer product，this just isn't something anybody needs，” said Sam Biddle，who writes for G.“We're accustomed to having one thing in our pocket to do all these things，” he added，“and the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device(裝置) that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”9to5Google publisher Seth Weintraub，who has been reporting on the smartphonelike glasses since late last year，said he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.“It's just like smartphones 10 years ago，” Weintraub said.“A few people started getting emails on their phones，and people thought that was crazy.Same kind of thing.We see people bending their heads to look at their smartphones，and it's unnatural，” he said.“There's gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.”【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】文章介紹了一款新的像智能手機(jī)一樣的眼鏡，這款眼鏡現(xiàn)在普通消費(fèi)者還買(mǎi)不起，但是也有人認(rèn)為在未來(lái)它會(huì)像現(xiàn)在的手機(jī)一樣普及。1One of the possible functions of the smartphonelike glasses is to _.Aprogram the opening hours of a barBsupply you with a picture of the futureCprovide information about your surroundingsDupdate the maps and GPS in your smartphones答案C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“.possibly including a variation of augmented(增強(qiáng)的) reality，a technology already available on smartphones and tablets(平板電腦) that overlays information onto the screen about one's surroundings.”可知，C項(xiàng)正確。2The underlined phrase “pop up” in the third paragraph probably means “_”Adevelop rapidly Bget round quicklyCappear immediately Dgo over automatically答案C詞義猜測(cè)題。由劃線詞所在句“So，for example，if you were walking down a street，indicators would pop_up showing you the nearest coffee shop or directions.”可猜測(cè)pop up為“突然出現(xiàn)”的意思。3According to Sam Biddle，the smartphonelike glasses are _.Anecessary for teenagersBattractive to New YorkersCavailable to people worldwideDexpensive for average consumers答案D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第四段第二句“.the average consumer isn't gonna be able to afford another device (裝置) that's hundreds and hundreds of dollars.”可知這種新產(chǎn)品價(jià)格高，普通消費(fèi)者負(fù)擔(dān)不起，所以答案為D項(xiàng)。4We can learn from the last two paragraphs that the smartphonelike glasses _.Amay have a potential marketBare as common as smartphonesCare popular among young adultsDwill be improved by a new technologyxk|b|1答案A推理判斷題。由第五段中的“.he is confident that this type of wearable device will eventually be as common as smartphones.”和第六段最后一句“There's gonna be improvements to that，and this a step there.'”可知，這種眼鏡有潛在的市場(chǎng)。只有A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。B體裁：議論文話題：工作方式詞數(shù)：374難度：建議用時(shí)：8分鐘Multitasking(2020·北京，D篇)People who multitask all the time may be the worst at doing two things at once, a new research suggests.The findings, based on performances and selfevaluations by about 275 college students, indicate that many people multitask not out of a desire to increase productivity, but because they are easily distracted (分心) and can't focus on one activity.And “those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things，” said David Sanbonmatsu, a psychologist at the University of Utah.Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues gave the students a set of tests and asked them to report how often they multitasked, how good they thought they were at it, and how sensationseeking (尋求刺激) or impulsive (沖動(dòng))they were.They then evaluated the participants' multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that required the students to do simple mathematical calculations while remembering a set of letters.Not surprisingly, the scientists said, most people thought they were better than average at multitasking, and those who thought they were better at it were more likely to report using a cellphone while driving or viewing multiple kinds of media at once.But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.They also were more likely to admit to sensationseeking and impulsive behavior, which connects with how easily people get bored and distracted.“People multitask not because it's going to lead to greater productivity, but because they're distractible, and they get sucked into things that are not as important，” Sanbonmatsu said.Adam Gazzaley, a researcher at the University of California, San Francisco, who was not a member of the research group, said one limitation of the study was that it couldn't find out whether people who start out less focused tend toward multitasking or whether people's recognizing and understanding abilities change as a result of multitasking.The findings do suggest, however, why the sensationseekers who multitask the most may enjoy risky distracted driving.“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.” said Paul Atchley, another researcher not in the group.“This may partly explain why people go in for these situations even though they're dangerous.”【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】一項(xiàng)新的研究表明很多人多項(xiàng)任務(wù)同時(shí)處理不是出于提高創(chuàng)造性，而是因?yàn)樗麄內(nèi)菀追中亩荒軐?zhuān)注于一項(xiàng)活動(dòng)中去，并且事實(shí)證明那些人在處理不同情況方面很糟糕。5The research led by Sanbonmatsu indicates that people who multitask _.Aseek high productivity constantlyBprefer handling different things when getting boredCare more focused when doing many things at a timeDhave the poorest results in doing various things at the same time答案D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第二句“And those people turn out to be the worst at handling different things”及文章第四段第二句“But those who frequently deal with many things at the same time were found to perform the worst at the actual multitasking test.”知選答案D項(xiàng)。6When Sanbonmatsu and his colleagues conducted their research, they_.Aassessed the multitasking ability of the studentsBevaluated the academic achievements of the studentsCanalyzed the effects of the participants' tricky mental tasksDmeasured the changes of the students' understanding ability答案A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第二段第二句“They then evaluated the participants multitasking ability with a tricky mental task that.”，知他們?cè)u(píng)價(jià)學(xué)生的多項(xiàng)任務(wù)處理能力，而不是其它能力，故選A項(xiàng)。7According to Sanbonmatsu, people multitask because of their _.Alimited power in calculationBinterests in doing things differentlyCinability to concentrate on one taskDimpulsive desire to try new things答案C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章第一段第二句及第四段知人們多項(xiàng)任務(wù)處理是因?yàn)樗麄儾荒軐?zhuān)注于一項(xiàng)任務(wù)之上，故選C項(xiàng)。8From the last paragraph, we can learn that multitaskers usually_.Adrive very skillfullyBgo in for difficult tasksCfail to react quickly to potential dangersDrefuse to explain the reasons for their behavior答案C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。文章最后一段第二句“People who are multitasking are generally less sensitive to risky situations.”可知多項(xiàng)任務(wù)處理者們通常對(duì)潛在危險(xiǎn)不能迅速作出反應(yīng)。故選C項(xiàng)。C體裁：議論文話題：學(xué)習(xí)方法詞數(shù)：306難度：建議用時(shí)：7分鐘Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since.A man who has not had a chance to go swimming for years can still swim as well as ever when he gets back in the water.He can get on a bicycle after many years and still ride away.He can play catch and hit a ball as well as his son.A mother who has not thought about the words for years can teach her daughter the poem that begins“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”or remember the story of Cinderella or Goldilocks and the Three Bears.One explanation is the law of overlearning，which can be stated as follows：Once we have learned something，additional learning trials increase the length of time we will remember it.In childhood we usually continue to practice such skills as swimming，bicycle riding，and playing baseball long after we have learned them.We continue to listen to and remind ourselves of words such as“Twinkle，twinkle，little star”and childhood tales such as Cinderella and Goldilocks.We not only learn but over learn.The multiplication tables(乘法口訣表)are an exception to the general rule that we forget rather quickly the things that we learn in school，because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood.The law of overlearning explains why cramming(突擊學(xué)習(xí))for an examination，though it may result in a passing grade，is not a satisfactory way to learn a college course.By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned.A little overlearning，on the other hand，is really necessary for one's future development.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】有些東西我們學(xué)過(guò)之后就永生難忘，而有些東西則恰恰相反。文章解釋了原因，稱(chēng)這是過(guò)度學(xué)習(xí)和突擊學(xué)習(xí)兩種不同學(xué)習(xí)方法所導(dǎo)致的結(jié)果。9What is the main idea of Paragraph 1?APeople remember well what they learned in childhood.BChildren have a better memory than grownups.CPoem reading is a good way to learn words.DStories for children are easy to remember.答案A主旨大意題。根據(jù)文章的首句“Grownups are often surprised by how well they remember something they learned as children but have never practiced ever since”可知選A項(xiàng)。10The author explains the law of overlearning by _.Apresenting research findingsBsetting down general rulesCmaking a comparisonDusing examples答案D推理判斷題。結(jié)合文章內(nèi)容可以看出作者通過(guò)舉例子的方法來(lái)證明自己的觀點(diǎn)，故答案為D項(xiàng)。11According to the author，being able to use multiplication tables is _.w w w .Aa result of overlearningBa special case of crammingCa skill to deal with math problemsx§k§b 1Da basic step towards advanced studies答案A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第4段最后一句話中的“.because they are another of the things we overlearn in childhood”可知答案為A項(xiàng)。12What is the author's opinion on cramming?AIt leads to failure in college exams.BIt's helpful only in a limited way.CIt's possible to result in poor memory.DIt increases students' learning interest.答案B推理判斷題。由最后一段中的“By cramming，a student may learn the subject well enough to get by on the examination，but he is likely soon to forget almost everything he learned”可以看出作者認(rèn)為突擊學(xué)習(xí)的作用極其有限，往往只是為了應(yīng)付考試。. 書(shū)面表達(dá)你校校門(mén)口在上學(xué)和放學(xué)時(shí)間經(jīng)常出現(xiàn)交通擁堵的現(xiàn)象，這給全校師生和路人帶來(lái)極大的不便。為了確保學(xué)校門(mén)口正常的交通秩序，你校英文報(bào)向?qū)W生征集解決交通擁堵的良策。假設(shè)你是高三學(xué)生李華，請(qǐng)你用英語(yǔ)就此事給校報(bào)編輯寫(xiě)一封信，信中應(yīng)包括以下內(nèi)容：1寫(xiě)信的目的；2分析學(xué)校門(mén)口擁堵的原因；3提出23點(diǎn)建議。注意：詞數(shù)100左右(開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已經(jīng)給出，但不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))。Dear Editor，I am Li Hua，a student from Grade 3.I am writing to discuss the traffic problem near our school gate._I do hope there will be fewer traffic jams near our school gate.Yours，Li Hua【參考范文】Dear Editor，I_am_Li_Hua，a_student_from_Grade_3.I_am_writing_to_discuss_the_traffic_problem_near_our_school_gate.With so many parents coming to pick up their children，traffic jams are frequent near the school gate，which has caused a lot of inconvenience to us.In order to avoid traffic jams，I strongly recommend some effective measures be taken.First，we should encourage students to ride a bicycle or walk to school instead of taking a car，which not only avoids traffic jams，but also builds up students' health.It is also a good idea to allow junior students to leave school 10 minutes earlier than others，which will surely make the street less crowded.Besides，cars should not be allowed to park in front of the school gate.I_do_hope_there_will_be_fewer_traffic_jams_near_our_school_gate.Yours，Li_Hua