高考英語(yǔ)一輪 選修八 Unit 3復(fù)習(xí)題及答案解析

Unit 3Inventors and inventions .閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(不多于3個(gè)單詞)或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Peter：Cathy，look at those strangelydressed kids at our neighbor's door.What are they up to?Cathy：Oh，they are going trickortreating.Do you know what the _1_ is today?Peter：October 31，why?Cathy：The last day of October is a holiday for kids.We call it Halloween.Peter：Ah，Halloween.I've heard of it before，but I don't know how it is _2_(celebrate)Cathy：It is supposed to be a night _3_ all devils，ghosts，and witches are out.Children celebrate it by making jacko'lanterns.Peter：Pardon?Cathy：Those are lanterns _4_(make) out of fresh pumpkins with a candle _5_(burn) inside.Peter：Today I saw some in the streets with carved faces on _6_.Are they all made by children?Cathy：Parents usually help them and they are available in _7_(vary) shops，too.Have you been to some shops recently?Peter：No.I have been busy with my papers.Cathy：If you had gone，you _8_ have seen all sorts of scarecrows and witches riding brooms and holding black cats.Peter：Fascinating！Are you going to any Halloween party tonight，Cathy？_9_ you go，take me with you.Cathy：Yes，I'm going to _10_ Halloween party，and I'd like to take you with me.答案1.date2.celebrated3.when4.made5.burning6.them7.various8.could9.If10.a.完形填空體裁：記敘文話題：傳統(tǒng)文化詞數(shù)：286難度：建議用時(shí)：15分鐘w!w!w.!x!k!b!(2020·福建卷)We have been driving in fog all morning，but the fog is lifting now.The little seaside villages are _1_，one by one.“There is my grandmother's house，” I say，_2_ across the bay to a shabby old house.x k b1 . co mI am in Nova Scotia on a pilgrimage(朝圣) with Lise，my granddaughter，seeking roots for her，retracing(追溯) _3_ memory for me.Lise was one of the mobile children，_4_ from house to house in childhood.She longs for a sense of _5_，and so we have come to Nova Scotia where my husband and I were born and where our ancestors _6_ for 200 years.We soon _7_ by the house and I tell her what it was like here，the memories _8_ back，swift as the tide(潮水)來(lái)源:學(xué)?？啤＞W(wǎng)Z。X。X。KSuddenly，I long to walk again in the _9_ where I was once so gloriously a child.It still _10_ a member of the family，but has not been lived in for a while.We cannot go into the house，but I can still walk _11_ the rooms in memory.Here，my mother _12_ in her bedroom window and wrote in her diary.I can still see the enthusiastic family _13_ into and out of the house.I could never have enough of being _14_ them.However，that was long after those childhood days.Lise _15_ attentively as I talk and then says，“So this is where I _16_；where I belong.”She has _17_ her roots.To know where I come from is one of the great longings of the human _18_.To be rooted is “to have an origin”We need _19_ origin.Looking backward，we discover what is unique in us；learn the _20_ of “I”We must all go home againin reality or memory.【解題導(dǎo)讀】文章講述了祖母帶著孫女回到自己當(dāng)年生活的小村莊尋根問(wèn)祖的故事，提醒人們要有歸屬感，不能忘本。1A.appearing BmovingCexposing Dexpanding答案A根據(jù)上文the fog is lifting now可知，大霧散后，村莊出現(xiàn)，因此A項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。2A.referring BtravellingCpointing Dcoming答案C根據(jù)上半句“There is my grandmother's house”及本空后的內(nèi)容，可知作者是用手指著海灣對(duì)面的村莊。refer提到，查閱；travel旅游；come來(lái)。3A.shared BshortCfresh Dtreasured答案D根據(jù)下文作者對(duì)自己童年的回憶的描述可知此處應(yīng)填treasured(寶貴的)。shared分享的；short短的；fresh新鮮的。4A.passed Braised Cmoved Dsent答案C上文說(shuō)“Lise是流動(dòng)兒童之一”，因此后面說(shuō)Lise從一個(gè)房子搬到另一個(gè)房子，只有move“搬家，移動(dòng)”符合文意。故選C。新*課*標(biāo)*第*一*網(wǎng)5A.home Bduty Creality Drelief答案A她渴望家的感覺(jué)，因此我們來(lái)到我和丈夫出生的地方。因此正確答案為A。6A.built BlivedCremained Dexplored答案B我們的祖先生活了大約200年在那里。因此正確答案為B。7A.catch up Bpull upCstep down Dcome down答案B我們不久停在房子旁邊。catch up追上；pull up停下；step down退休，辭職；come down下來(lái)，敗落。因此答案B正確。8A.falling BturningCrushing Dbringing答案C句意為：思潮翻滾，如潮水之迅速。fall落下；turn扭轉(zhuǎn)，掉過(guò)頭來(lái)；rush急速流動(dòng)，奔騰；bring拿來(lái)。由句意知，C項(xiàng)符合句意。9A.yard Bvillage Croom Dhouse答案D根據(jù)上文“We soon _7_ by the house”可知，作者渴望到屋子里走一走。10A.adapts to Bappeals toCbelongs to Doccurs to答案C它仍然屬于家庭的一個(gè)成員。adapt to適應(yīng)；appeal to呼吁；occur to發(fā)生在。因此只有belong to“屬于”符合題意。11A.across Bthrough Calong Dpast答案Bacross 表示動(dòng)作在某一物體的表面進(jìn)行；through表示動(dòng)作在某一物體的空間里進(jìn)行；along沿著，順著；past從旁邊路過(guò)，經(jīng)過(guò)。12A.lay Bplayed Cstood Dsat答案D我的媽媽坐在臥室窗戶前寫(xiě)日記。因此sit“坐”為正確答案。13A.marching BlookingCbreaking Dpouring答案D看到熱心的家人從房子里進(jìn)進(jìn)出出。因此只有D項(xiàng)正確。14A.between BwithCnear Dbehind答案B句意為：我永遠(yuǎn)不會(huì)厭煩和他們?cè)谝黄?。be with sb“和某人在一起”符合文意。15A.wonders BlistensCreacts Dagrees答案B當(dāng)作者講過(guò)去的事，Lise專(zhuān)心的聽(tīng)，可知B項(xiàng)正確。16A.began Bgrew Cstudied Dstayed答案A閱讀文章可知作者現(xiàn)在住在外地，帶著孫女來(lái)尋根，用begin“開(kāi)始”能夠表達(dá)出人生航程中的起點(diǎn)。17A.deepened BrecognizedCaccepted Dfound答案D句意為：她已經(jīng)找到了她的根。deepen加深；recognize認(rèn)出；accept接受。只有find“找到，發(fā)現(xiàn)”符合文意。18A.heart BrightsCinterest Dbehaviors答案A知道我來(lái)自哪里是人心的最大的渴望之一。只有A項(xiàng)符合題意。19A.one Bits Cthat Devery答案Cthat origin代指root “那種根源”，符合文意。20A.meaning BexpressionCconnection Dbackground答案A句意為：回憶過(guò)去，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)我們的獨(dú)特之處，學(xué)到了“我”的真正含義。meaning意義；expression表達(dá)；connection聯(lián)系；background背景。.閱讀理解A來(lái)源:學(xué)+科+網(wǎng)Z+X+X+K體裁：新*課*標(biāo)*第*一*網(wǎng)說(shuō)明文話題：社會(huì)現(xiàn)實(shí)詞數(shù)：176難度：建議用時(shí)：5分鐘w w w .(2020·陜西，C)According to sociologists(社會(huì)學(xué)家)，every modern industrial society has some form of social stratification(階層)Class，power and status are important in deciding people's rank in society.Class means a person's economic position in society.A commonly used classification is lower class，middle class and upper class.While sociologists disagree on how these terms should be exactly defined，they do describe societies like the United States quite well.One study shows that 53% of Americans belong to the lower class,46% the middle class，and 1% the upper class.Interestingly，a surgeon earning $500,000 a year and a bus driver earning $50,000 a year both regard themselves as the middle class!Power refers to the amount of control a person has over other people.Obviously，people in positions of great power (such as governors) exercise(行使) big power，but people who take orders from others have less power.Power and class do not always go hand in hand，however.For example，the governor of a state has great power，but he or she may not belong to a corresponding(相應(yīng)的) economic class.Generally，however，there is a relationship between power and class.To our knowledge，there aren't too many people who aren't millionaires in the US.Senate!Status is the honor or respect attached to a person's position in society.It can also be affected by power and class，but not necessarily so.For example，a university professor may have a high status but not belong to a high social class or have a lot of power over others.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】文章主要說(shuō)明了人們?cè)诂F(xiàn)代工業(yè)社會(huì)中的階級(jí)、權(quán)力以及社會(huì)地位。1What can we learn about “the middle class” from Paragraph 2?APeople earning $50,000 a year belong to the middle class.BNearly half Americans belong to the middle class.CPeople generally consider bus drivers as the middle class.DSociologists have a clear definition of the middle class.答案B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二段第三句中“.46% the middle class.”可知，B項(xiàng)正確。文中并未說(shuō)出middle class的清晰定義，所以A、C、D三項(xiàng)的表述都是不恰當(dāng)?shù)摹?According to the text，we know that _.Apower and class do not always correspond with each otherBstatus refers to a person's economic position in societyCpeople with high status have a lot of control over othersDclass is less important in deciding a person's social rank答案A推理判斷題。由文章第三段第三句“Power and class do not always go hand in hand，however.”可知，A項(xiàng)正確。A項(xiàng)correspond with意為“與相符合”；B項(xiàng)status的定義在最后一段第一句；C項(xiàng)從最后一段最后一句可知是錯(cuò)誤的；D項(xiàng)在文中找不到依據(jù)。3Which of the following shows the structure of the whole text?(P：Paragraph)答案A文章結(jié)構(gòu)題。文章第一段總述三者對(duì)一個(gè)人社會(huì)等級(jí)的影響，然后依次分述class，power和status三個(gè)因素。文章是總分式。故選擇A項(xiàng)。B體裁：議論文話題：兒童教育詞數(shù)：333難度：建議用時(shí)：8分鐘Kids can be taught valuable lessons on nature from the time they are old enough to observe their surroundings.With the help of a parent, grandparent or caregiver, a small child can learn to explore parks, wooded areas and gardens.Parents and caregivers should take every available opportunity to introduce them to plant life, beneficial insects, wildlife and more.These types of lessons are important.One of the best ways to explore nature with a small child is on their level.Look for wildflowers, and point out their beautiful colors and patterns.Even a very small child can learn to recognize wildflowers.However, it is also important to teach a small child the importance of leaving nature untouched for others to enjoy.Leaving wildflowers alone will allow them to spread and continue their life cycle.They look beautiful in a vase, but they are even more lovely in their natural habitat.The world in between blades (葉片) of grass and under the leaves of flowers is seldom seen by human beings.When looking for ways to explore nature with a small child, take the time to get down on the ground and look for insects including ants, fireflies, ladybugs, earthworms and caterpillars.A child should be taught that living beings are not toys.They have feelings and needs.A small child should be taught that life is valuable to every living creature.Kids that are taught to respect nature will grow to be more caring adults.Plant life is also an important part of our environment, and it is fun to explore with a child of any age.Plant some vegetables or flower seeds when seeking additional ways to explore nature with a small child.If space is lacking, start a small container garden.Fill a pot with rich organic soil, and have the child help plant the seeds and care for the seedlings (幼苗) as they grow.Not only is it fun and educational, but it is also a great bonding experience and a way to positively influence a small and impressionable child.【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文介紹了如何幫助孩子觀察自然，了解自然，使他們長(zhǎng)大后成為有責(zé)任心和同情心的人。4A kid should be taught valuable lessons on nature when _.Ahe shows interest in plantsBhe is old enough to go to schoolChe is able to walkDhe can observe things答案D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段Kids can be taught valuable lessons on nature from the time they are old enough to observe their surroundings可知，答案為D。5When the kids are watching wild flowers, the author stresses the importance of_.Ateaching them how to grow themBtelling them to protect themCtelling them the patterns and colorsDteaching them how to recognize them答案B推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段However, it is also important to teach a small child the importance of leaving nature untouched for others to enjoy可推斷，答案為B。6Kids should be taught to respect nature in order to _.Alet them be more caring after growing upBlet them know that life is hard for everyoneChelp them gain more knowledge and love scienceDtell them the right way of watching the world答案A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段Kids that are taught to respect nature will grow to be more caring adults可知，答案為A。7In Paragraph 3, the author mainly tells us to_.Astop children from playing with insectsBprotect all the insects that we discoverCshow a child the world that they rarely seeDlet a kid know insects are beneficial to us答案C主旨大意題。根據(jù)第三段The world in between blades of grass and under the leaves of flowers is seldom seen by human beings和下文可知，本段主要告訴我們要讓孩子觀察另一個(gè)人們不太注意的世界，故答案為C。.書(shū)面表達(dá)假如你是某高三學(xué)生李華，最近你順利地考入了理想中的大學(xué)北京大學(xué)。請(qǐng)根據(jù)以下要點(diǎn)，用英文給高中的英語(yǔ)老師黃老師寫(xiě)一封信。1告訴他你的喜訊；2感謝黃老師在高中期間給你的幫助；3對(duì)黃老師的評(píng)價(jià)；4談?wù)勀闵洗髮W(xué)以后的打算。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右(書(shū)信的開(kāi)頭和結(jié)尾已寫(xiě)好，不計(jì)入總詞數(shù))；2可以適當(dāng)增加細(xì)節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dear Mr Huang，How are you doing?_Best wishes!Yours，Li Hua【參考范文】Dear_Mr_Huang，新*課*標(biāo)*第*一*網(wǎng)How_are_you_doing？I'm now so excited to tell you that I've been admitted into my ideal universityPeking University.Here I would like to say thanks to you for helping me with my English during the past several years.Without your help, I wouldn't have been successful.You are one of the best teachers I have ever met.Kind and knowledgeable, you always have a way to make your classes lively and interesting.And I will never forget the happy time spent with you, as well as your encouragement.Dear Mr Huang, I will make every effort to enrich my knowledge and improve my abilities at university so that I can serve our country better in the future.Best_wishes!Yours，Li_Hua