中考英語 第三輪 中考題型聚焦 題型八 書面表達考點跟蹤1

題型八書面表達書面表達能較全面地反映學生所掌握的語法知識、詞匯知識、遣詞造句水平和英語思維水平?？疾閷W生運用語言、表達思想、傳遞信息、描述事物的能力，考查重點是表達的有效性，兼顧準確性。書面表達可遵循以下三原則：1.文章結(jié)構(gòu)三段論，表明你懂得文章結(jié)構(gòu)；2.字數(shù)以上限為準，證明你書寫能力很強；3.書寫要規(guī)范美觀，表明你書寫訓練有素。具體可分為以下四步：一、認真審題，明確要求審題時，根據(jù)所給信息，確定文體、時態(tài)、人稱，同時，細讀所給提示信息，明確文章內(nèi)容。二、抓住要點，草擬提綱 通過審題，弄清文章的主題之后，學生應(yīng)考慮文章的內(nèi)容要點，組織語言材料。根據(jù)題目提示或說明，按事件發(fā)生的時間順序、空間順序或事理重要性順序，先選取典型的、易于表達的材料作為自己的重點，列出提綱。列提綱時應(yīng)注意以下幾點：1書寫要規(guī)范；2遇到想不起來的詞或句型時，盡量找同義詞、近義詞或同義句型來代替。三、依綱據(jù)點，擴展成文依據(jù)提綱寫作，注意把題目要求的內(nèi)容無一遺漏地寫進去，確保內(nèi)容的完整性。同時，對于與要求無關(guān)的內(nèi)容切忌任意發(fā)揮，畫蛇添足。學生應(yīng)注意以下幾點：1盡量運用最基本的詞匯或句型，寫自己最熟悉、最有把握的句子。2盡量多用簡單句，少用復合句；多用短句，少用長句。注意語言準確，符合英語語言習慣，盡量避免漢語式的英語。3注意上下文的銜接。根據(jù)意思需要，句子之間可加上必要的連接詞或過渡詞。如：and，but，however，meanwhile，to begin with等常見連接詞的使用，可以使文章結(jié)構(gòu)緊湊、銜接自如。四、通讀全文，查漏補缺短文寫完之后，學生應(yīng)從題目要求對全文進行檢查和修改。經(jīng)過反復修改和潤色，使文章句子流暢，布局嚴謹。對于文章的修飾，學生可從以下幾方面著手：1用詞方面：(1)代詞的格和指代關(guān)系是否用得正確；(2)名詞的單復數(shù)是否正確；(3)形容詞的比較級和最高級用得是否正確；(4)副詞的位置是否合適；(5)動詞的搭配是否準確。2句子方面：(1)句型結(jié)構(gòu)是否完整；(2)主謂、人稱是否一致；(3)時態(tài)、語態(tài)、語氣是否正確；(4)連句的方法是否恰當。3段落方面：(1)段落主題句是否概括本段的中心思想；(2)擴展句是否都圍繞這一主題，有無多余的句子；(3)句子之間是否連貫；(4)段落層次是否分明，是否合乎邏輯。4篇章方面：(1)文章主題是否合理自然；(2)段落之間過渡是否合理；(3)文章的文體及所用的組織方法是否恰當；(4)文章內(nèi)容是否充實，有無遺漏。(2016，山西)向他人表達善意并幫助他人體現(xiàn)了一個人良好的品格。當你向別人表達善意并給他人提供幫助時，你希望得到回報(repay)嗎？針對這一話題，九年級六班的同學們展開了辯論。假設(shè)你是正方或反方的一員，請圍繞你的觀點，結(jié)合自己的親身經(jīng)歷，說出2至3條理由來說服同學們(只需選擇一方觀點表達即可)。要求：1.詞數(shù)不少于80詞； 2文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；3文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名。When I show kindness and help to others, I _【審題指導】細讀所給文字，可以提取以下信息：1文章要求就“當別人向你表達善意并給他人提供幫助時，你是否希望得到回報”進行論述，文體為議論文；2談?wù)撟约旱挠^點用第一人稱；3回憶之前的事情用一般過去時，談?wù)撟约旱挠^點用一般現(xiàn)在時；4詞數(shù)不少于80詞，文章開頭以給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。5不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名?！靖叻址段摹縒hen_I_show_kindness_and_help_others，I never expect them to repay me.On the one hand，helping others gives me a strong feeling of being needed and brings me happiness.On the other hand，everyone may get into trouble and need help，too.Several days ago，while I was having a walk in the park，I found a little boy crying.Then I asked him what the matter was，and he told me he couldnt find his mom.Luckily，he remembered his mothers phone number.So I called her immediately.Ten minutes later，the boy saw his mom and became excited.His mom was so thankful that she wanted to buy me a small gift，but I refused.At that time，I felt quite happy because I did something really good.All in all，the world needs love and we should be ready to help others without expecting any repay.If you wanted repay，a “Thanks” would be enough.【范文點評】文章首句開門見山，直切主題；文章第二段通過一則事例闡釋自己的觀點，增強了文章的說服力；文章末端提綱挈領(lǐng)，使得文章前后呼應(yīng)，有始有終?！驹u分說明】本題總分為15分，根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點，按所寫篇章的語法結(jié)構(gòu)和語匯運用的數(shù)量，篇章的準確性、連貫性及得體性，分五個檔次給分，三分為一檔。注：詞數(shù)少于80詞的從總分中扣去1分；如書寫較差，以致影響理解的，可扣去1分。Passage 1(2016，撫順)對于全國積極推廣的“足球進校園”活動，你班的同學可能有各自不同的觀點。請根據(jù)下面的提示寫一篇短文，并談?wù)勀愕目捶ā?nèi)容提示：Some studentsSome studentsMy opinions1.make.healthier and stronger1.get in the way of.2.make.rich and colorful2.be dangerous3.have a chance to.3.be hard to.要求：語言準確，行文連貫，層次清晰，書寫規(guī)范。文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名。作文應(yīng)包括上述所有相關(guān)信息并可適當發(fā)揮。文章的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Different students have different opinions for the activity “Soccer Enters School”. Some students in my class think this activity is good for them.It can make them healthier and stronger.It also makes their spare time rich and colorful.Especially for some students, they may have a chance to become professional soccer players.Other students think this activity will waste their time and get in the way of their study. Sometimes its dangerous. They may get hurt while playing soccer. Whats more, its hard to become a professional soccer player.In my opinion, I think this activity is good for us. It will make more students love soccer.Passage 2(2014，山西)學習方法、自我反思、合作交流、同伴互評是學習過程中幾個重要的方面。其中，有效的學習方法能使你的學習境界大開，讓學習成為一種享受。在你初中三年的學習過程中，你一定會有一些好的學習方法與你的同伴分享，請按以下要求寫一篇短文，內(nèi)容須包含以下要點。your good learning method(s)an experience you helped your partnersyour thoughts and feelings要求：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右，提示詞僅供參考；2文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名；3請將答案寫在答題卡相應(yīng)的位置上。One possible version：Good learners must have good ways.Discussing in a group really helps me have a better understanding of what Ive learned.It broadens our mind and give us more chances to express our thoughts.Shy and nervous，my classmates Jeff used to hide himself behind books.Answering questions in public was quite a difficult job for him.Once our math teacher asked us to solve a difficult problem，I encouraged him to write his idea with us and we found his way was so creative.Then we advised him to write his answer on the blackboard and explain his way to us.Believe it or not，he did it and we saw his great improvement after that.Discussing in a group not only makes me enjoy the happiness of being a good learner but also deepens the friendship between Jeff and me.Knowledge comes from communicating and questioning.By discussing，we learn more wisely and better.Passage 3(2013，山西)學生綜合素質(zhì)評價的方式多種多樣，同伴互評是其中較為有效的方式之一，它可以讓學生不斷體驗成長和學習過程中的進步，正確認識自我，保持自信。某班一個小組正在進行階段性同伴互評活動，如果你是該組組長，請結(jié)合本組討論情況，為本組某位同學寫一份激勵性評價報告，內(nèi)容須包含以下要點： the skill/the advantage/the personal quality the student has one thing the student did some advice for the student要求： 1.詞數(shù)80詞左右； 2.不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名。Han Mei is an easygoing girl who gets along well with everyone.She is also talented in performing.Whats the most important，she is warmhearted.Once she knew a girl in her neighborhood had so serious an illness that a large amount of money was needed.She put forward a suggestion calling on all the kids to give away pocket money to the unlucky girl.Besides，she organized a charity show to raise more money.When the girl and her parents got the money，they were really moved.Han Mei should also put more time and energy into study and try to be a student with both a kind heart and good grades.Passage 4(2012，山西)現(xiàn)在，社會上補習機構(gòu)火爆，在各種媒體上，我們經(jīng)?？梢钥吹健懊麕煛薄ⅰ皞€性化教學”、“終極押題”、“秒殺中考”等廣告詞。你相信這樣的宣傳嗎？為此，你所在的學習小組針對這一社會現(xiàn)象，圍繞“課余時間我們應(yīng)該更多地去做什么才能夠得到全面的發(fā)展”開展了討論，最終大家形成了以下觀點：請你根據(jù)同學們的上述觀點，并結(jié)合自己的親身體驗，就此問題陳述自己的看法，內(nèi)容必須包含以下要點：1Would you like to take afterschool classes？Why or why not？(Please give 3 reasons.)2What would you like to do in your spare time?3Please tell us one of your stories of this kind of experience.要求：1.詞數(shù)80詞左右；2文中不得出現(xiàn)真實的人名與校名。One possible version：It seems that many students go to take afterschool classes，but I think it is just a waste of time and money.I used to go to different kinds of these classes，too.But later I realized I couldnt do that any more.I began to spend more time reading，doing sports and taking some social activities.Meanwhile，I dont fall behind others in study.I prefer to have time to enjoy the nature.Its a wise way to know about the world.So I often put my spare time to good use by watching animals，plants，rocks.around my city.I still remember that day I went to the Forest Park this spring！And I found a few plants appearing in my biology books.It offered me an opportunity to deepen my understanding of my textbooks.Learning by using is a real practice.I have benefited a lot from it.Now I am becoming more creative and confident than those who are always involved in taking afterschool classes.Passage 1(2016，溫州)假如你是Lingling，學校根據(jù)下表中新西蘭來溫暑期交流師生的意愿，決定安排他們?nèi)?00公里外的許村游玩一天。但自行車來回路程需要89小時，權(quán)衡利弊，需調(diào)整這項內(nèi)容，請你發(fā)郵件給對方帶隊老師Mr.Black做好說明、溝通工作。A Oneday TourPreferred activityLearn about ChineseeducationSee beautiful sightsLearn about ChineseculturePreferred placeA schoolA villageA museumPreferred transportationOn footBy bikeBy busYour idea：NoYesWhat is it?Other needsNoYesWhat is it？Taste_some_local_food.要求：(1)文中不能出現(xiàn)真實的人名、校名等相關(guān)信息；(2)文本長度：110詞左右。開頭和結(jié)尾已給出(不計入總詞數(shù))。One possible version：Dear Mr. Black，Im Lingling. My school asked us to make the oneday tour plan for you and we tried to make it best to your preferences, but Im afraid well have to make some changes.Well visit a mountain village called Xucun，which is very famous for its old houses, fantastic sights and delicious food.Im sure you will like it.However，it will take us about 8 to 9 hours to go and come back by bike.Even if we set out at 7：00 am.，well get there at about 11：30.Going around the beautiful，cultural places, including some old houses with a history of over 500 years，will take us at least 2 to 3 hours.Having lunch (local food and drinks) takes another hour. Whats more, its very hot there in summer.So we think taking a bus there will be a much better choice. Looking forward to your reply.Best_wishes，LinglingPassage 2(2016，南充)對于“中學生在校是否可以使用手機”，不同學生有不同的看法，請你根據(jù)下面表格中的提示寫一篇短文，向某英語報社投稿。觀點贊成反對理由1.便于聯(lián)系：2獲取信息：1.浪費時間：2危害身心健康：你的觀點及理由要求：包含所有要點，不逐字翻譯，圍繞要點適當發(fā)揮；書寫規(guī)范、工整，條理清晰；文中不得出現(xiàn)真實人名、地名、校名等；詞數(shù)：80100詞，短文開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。One possible version：Can middle school students use mobile phones at school?Nowadays，more and more teenagers use mobile phones.Can middle school students use mobile phones at school？Different students have different opinions about it.Some students think they can use mobile phones at school.First，its convenient for them to call their parents，teachers or friends.Second，they can search what they need on mobile phones.For example，they can look up new words and look through news.However，some students disagree.They think using mobile phones at school is a waste of time.Many students spend too much time on games and QQ.Besides，its unhealthy for the mind and the body，such as hurting eyes，making some bad friends.In my opinion，students cant use mobile phones at school.Its bad for our health and study.Passage 3(2016，麗水)在英語課上，老師組織了“A trip to the countryside or to the city”的話題討論。請根據(jù)小組討論結(jié)果，寫一篇英語短文，介紹兩者的不同特點，并寫出你的選擇與理由。CountrysideCityrelaxing，fresh air.not easy to take public transportation.exciting.crowded，expensive.注意：1)短文必須包含記錄表中的信息，并作適當發(fā)揮；2)文中不能出現(xiàn)真實的校名、姓名等信息；3)詞數(shù)80100詞，所給的文章開頭供選擇，不計入總詞數(shù)。One possible version：In the English class，we had a discussion on the topic of having a trip to the countryside or to the city.Taking a trip to the countryside can relax yourself by fishing or swimming.And the fresh air might be your favorite.However，you might not have many choices in transportation.Of course，a trip to the city also has its characters.If you like shopping，its very exciting to travel back and forth in large malls.You can visit museums to broaden your mind.Nevertheless, such a trip might cost much.And the traffic jam might let you down.If youre from the countryside，a trip to the city is better.There youll learn what youve never thought of.(In my opinion，a trip to the countryside is better.There，you can lie under the stars，enjoying the quiet night.)Passage 4(2016，威海)下面六幅圖片描述的是今天早晨發(fā)生的一件事。假設(shè)你是圖中的小男孩，請用英語寫一篇日記，記述事件發(fā)生的經(jīng)過。要求：1.語句規(guī)范、通順，情節(jié)合理、完整；2記述過程中要適當使用對話，使描述更加生動、形象；3詞數(shù)：80100詞左右。日記的開頭已給出，不計入詞數(shù)。4文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名和學校等信息。請將答案填寫在答題卡指定位置。One possible version：Monday, June 13This morning mum didnt go to work and she wanted to do some washing at home.First，she_put_some_dirty_clothes_into_the_washing_machine，and_then_she_went_back_to_the_bedroom_to_look_for_other_dirty_clothes_with_its_door_open.At_that_moment，my_pet_cat_ran_out_of_the_bedroom_happily_and_rushed_into_the_washing_machine.When_mum_returned，she_didnt_notice_the_cat，and_she_closed_the_door_of_the_washing_machine.Just_then，I_found_a_dirty_Tshirt，“Mum，could_you_please_help_me_clean_my_shirt？”_“Of_course，my_dear.”_Mum_opened_the_door.Suddenly，my_pet_cat_rushed_out_of_the_washing_machine.Mum_and_I_were_both_shocked.My_god!_What_would_happen_if_I_didnt_give_mum_the_shirt?Passage 5(2016，臨夏州)常州“毒地事件”再次引起人們對環(huán)境污染及其治理的深入思考。請看圖片并閱讀圖片中的相關(guān)介紹，根據(jù)要求以“Pollution”為題，從初中生的視角入手，寫一篇不少于80詞的短文。Pollution is almost everywhere.Smoke is coming out of the chimneys(煙囪) of this factory and the water in the river is polluted.Air and water pollution are bad for people，animals，and plants.要求：1.文中需包含以下內(nèi)容：aWhat can be seen coming out of the chimneys?bIs the water in the river clean?cName at least two types of pollution.dWhat are the junior high students supposed to do to help stop pollution?2可根據(jù)圖片發(fā)揮想象，適量拓展；3句子及篇章結(jié)構(gòu)準確、連貫，書寫規(guī)范；4文中不得出現(xiàn)真實姓名、校名等信息。One possible version：PollutionPollution_can_be_seen_almost_everywhere.We_can_see_smoke_coming_out_of_the_chimneys.We_can_see_the_river_is_not_clean_anymore.We_can_see_rubbish_here_and_there.Air，water，rubbish_and_other_pollution_are_bad_for_every_living_thing.As_junior_high_students，were_supposed_to_do_something_to_help_stop_pollution.We_should_ride_our_bikes_or_take_the_bus_to_school_instead_of_driving.When_shopping，wed_better_take_a_bag.Besides，were_supposed_to_sort_the_rubbish_before_we_throw_it_out.All_in_all，theres_much_we_can_do_to_help_stop_pollution.Lets_take_action_now!Passage 6(2016，泉州)暑假快到了，學校倡導同學們多讀書，讀好書，以閱讀為樂，過一個有意義的假期。請你以“Ill Enjoy Reading in the Summer Vacation”為題，寫一篇90詞左右的英語短文與大家分享。內(nèi)容要點：1閱讀的好處；了解世界；帶來快樂；2讀書計劃；尋找好書；用好時間；寫作要求：必須根據(jù)內(nèi)容要點進行寫作，并適當發(fā)揮。溫馨提示：短文中請勿使用真實姓名、地點或所在學校名稱。Possible version one：Ill_Enjoy_Reading_in_the_Summer_VacationGood books are like good friends.They can help us learn more about the world, bring us enjoyment and develop our good habits.The summer vacation is coming.It is a good time for me to enjoy reading.So Ive made a reading plan.First，Im going to get more helpful books.Second，I plan to make full use of my time to read books as many as possible.Third，Im going to take notes while reading.I think I will get great fun from reading in the summer vacation.Possible version two：Ill_Enjoy_Reading_in_the_Summer_VacationBooks are our good friends. They can help us know about the world and make our life full of happiness.With them，well never feel lonely.Ive made a reading plan for the coming summer vacation. In the morning，Im going to spend 2.5 hours reading in the City Library.There，I can find books which are suitable for teenagers.In the afternoon，Ill share my thoughts with my friends so that I can get something new in reading.The more books I read，the wealthier Ill be in spirit.Wish all of us could improve ourselves by reading！