外研社高中英語必修五單元一各知識(shí)點(diǎn).ppt

Module 1 British and American English 英國(guó)英語和美國(guó)英語,.單詞盤點(diǎn) 根據(jù)詞性和漢語意思寫出詞匯 1._ (vt.) 比較 2._ (vt.) 陳述；提出(觀點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃等) 3._ (n.) 努力；嘗試 4._ (adj.)顯然的，顯而易見的_ (adv.)顯然地,compare,present,attempt,obvious,obviously,5._ (adj.)令人困惑的；難懂的_ (v.)使困惑；使迷惑不解_ (adj.)困惑的，不解的 6._ (n.)種類_ (adj.)各種各樣的_ (v.)改變；變化 7._ (vi.)不同，有區(qū)別_ (n.)區(qū)別；差異_(adj.)不同的 8._ (n.)評(píng)論；講話_(adj.)顯著的，非凡的,confusing,confuse,confused,variety,various,vary,differ,difference,different,remark,remarkable,9._ (n.)聲明；宣告_ (v.)聲明，宣告 10._ (vt.)加；增加_ (n.)增加 11._ (vt.)簡(jiǎn)化_ (adj.)簡(jiǎn)單的 12._ (vt.)批評(píng)_ (n.)批評(píng)家 13._ (n.)參考；查閱_ (v.)查閱；提到；涉及（to）,announcement,announce,add,addition,simplify,simple,criticise,critic,reference,refer,【品詞自測(cè)】根據(jù)所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空 We were impressed with a wide _ of plants in the garden, whose flowers were _, and their heights _ from 10 cm to 15 cm.(vary) His _ expression suggests that he gets _ by this _ problem.(confuse),variety,various,varied,confused,confused,confusing,.短語回放 1.有相同的特點(diǎn) _ 2.有影響，使不相同 _ 3.四處走動(dòng)(旅行) _ 4.與相似 _ 5.做某事有困難 _ 6.引起；導(dǎo)致 _,have.in common,make a difference,get around,be similar to,have difficulty (in) doing sth.,lead to,7.同意；支持 _ 8.稱為 _ 9.幸虧，多虧 _ 10.學(xué)會(huì)；拾起；收聽(廣播)；接人 _,in favour of,refer to .as.,thanks to,pick up,.句式掃描 1._ (你認(rèn)為哪一些)are funny? 2.Americans use a flashlight，_ (然而) for the British，its a torch. 3.This non-stop communication, the experts think, has _ _ (使英國(guó)人和美國(guó)人相互理解起來更加容易).,Which do you think,while,easier for British people and Americans to understand each other,made it,4.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,_ _ (使得它成為有史以來最受歡迎的學(xué)習(xí)用書之一).,making it one of the most popular school books ever,【仿句自測(cè)】根據(jù)下面句式仿寫句子 特殊疑問詞do you think（believe, imagine, expect, suppose, suggest）陳述語序 仿寫：你認(rèn)為誰會(huì)成為美國(guó)的總統(tǒng)？ _ make it +adj.+ for sb. to do sth.意為“使得某人做某事” 仿寫：我們會(huì)讓你更容易記住這篇文章。 _,Who do you think will become president of America?,Well make it easier for you to remember this article.,1.confusing adj.令人困惑的；難懂的 (1)confuse vt. 使迷惑；使難于理解 confuse A with/and B 把A和B相混淆 (2)confused adj. 感到迷惑的；感到難懂的 be confused by sth. 被搞糊涂了 get/become confused 困惑；不知所措 (3)confusion n. 困惑；混亂；混淆 in confusion 困惑的；困窘的,It was a very confusing situation. 這是非常令人困惑的局面。 Dont confuse him with his brother. They are much alike. 別把他與他弟弟混淆了，他們非常相像。 I _ _ _ their conflicting advice. 我被他們相互矛盾的建議弄糊涂了。,was confused by,【點(diǎn)津】 一般而言，以-ing結(jié)尾的形容詞一般修飾事物，意為“令人的”；以-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾人，意為“（人）感到的”。但look/ expression（表情）有時(shí)可用-ed結(jié)尾的形容詞修飾，如a confused expression迷惑的表情。,His theory is so _ that I often get _ at his words. 他的理論如此難懂以至于我常對(duì)他的話感到困惑。,confusing,confused,pare v比較；匹敵；比喻；相比 n比較 (1)compare.with/to. 把和相比較 compare.to. 把比作 compared to/with. 和相比（通常作狀語） compare notes 交換意見 (2)beyond/without compare 無與倫比 (3)comparison n. 比較；對(duì)照；比喻 in comparison with 與相比,Pang Long compares his lover to a butterfly in his song. 龐龍?jiān)诟柚邪阉那槿吮茸骱?Comparing 360 safe with Tencent,which one do you prefer? 360安全衛(wèi)士和騰訊相比，你更愿意用哪個(gè)？ _ _her mother，she is tall. 和她媽媽比較起來，她算是很高了。,Compared to/with,3.differ vi.不同，有區(qū)別 (1)differ in 在方面不同 differ from 與不同 differ with sb. about/on sth. 關(guān)于某事與某人意見不同 (2)difference n. 不同；區(qū)別 make a difference 有影響；重要，要緊 tell the difference between.and . 分辨與的不同 (3)different adj. 不同的；相異的 be different from 與不同 be different in 在方面不同,The brothers differ widely in their tastes. 他們弟兄的愛好大相徑庭。 French differs from English in this respect. 在這方面, 法語不同于英語。 Im sorry to differ with you on/about that. 對(duì)不起, 在那一點(diǎn)上我與你看法不同。 Its easy to tell the difference between the two words. 區(qū)分這兩個(gè)詞是很容易的。,The sea air has _ _ _to her health. 海上的空氣對(duì)她的健康狀況有影響。,made a difference,4.present vt. 陳述；提出(觀點(diǎn)、計(jì)劃等) ；贈(zèng)送；頒發(fā) adj.出席的；在場(chǎng)的；現(xiàn)在的 n.禮物；贈(zèng)品；現(xiàn)在 (1)present sb. with sth. =present sth. to sb. 向某人贈(zèng)送某物 (2)be present at 出席 at the present time=at present 目前；現(xiàn)在 (3)for the present 眼前；暫時(shí) up to the present 直到現(xiàn)在,They presented him with a bunch of flowers.（句型轉(zhuǎn)換） =They _ a bunch of flowers _ him. 他們獻(xiàn)給他一束鮮花。 Everybody present welcomed the decision. 出席的人都?xì)g迎那個(gè)決議。 How many people _ _ _ the meeting? 到會(huì)的有多少人?,presented,to,were present at,【點(diǎn)津】 present作形容詞，表示“出席的；在場(chǎng)的”之意時(shí)，通常作表語或后置定語；表示“現(xiàn)在的，目前的”意思時(shí)，通常用作前置定語。,【助記】 One expert present at the meeting presented me with a book on the present financial crisis as a present. 出席會(huì)議的一位專家送給我一本關(guān)于當(dāng)前金融危機(jī)的書作為禮物。,5.attempt n.努力；嘗試；企圖 vt.試圖；企圖 (1)make an attempt to do sth. 試圖做某事 make an attempt at doing sth. 試圖（嘗試）做某事 at ones first attempt 某人第一次嘗試 (2)attempt to do sth. 試圖做某事 (3)attempted adj. 未遂的；意圖的,They made an attempt to escape/at escaping but failed. 他們企圖逃跑但是沒有成功。 She will attempt to beat the world record. 她決心要打破世界紀(jì)錄。 He succeeded in passing the driving test _ _ _ _. 他第一次嘗試就成功地通過了駕駛測(cè)試。,at his first attempt,【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空,常指一次的而不是繼續(xù)的嘗試，往往暗示這種嘗試達(dá)不到目的。后接不定式表示“試圖做某事”。,指為成功做某事而付出努力或花費(fèi)一定代價(jià)。后接不定式表示“努力做某事；企圖做某事”；后接動(dòng)名詞表示“嘗試著做某事”。,后接不定式強(qiáng)調(diào)成功做成了某事。 manage to do sth.=succeed in doing sth.。,They _ to climb the steepest part of the mountain, but failed. They didnt lose heart, and _ again. At last, they _ to get to the top of the mountain.,attempted/tried,tried,managed,6.have difficulty (in) doing sth.做某事有困難 We had no difficulty (in) finding the letter. 我們毫不費(fèi)勁地找到了那封信。,【拓展】表示“做某事有困難”還有如下結(jié)構(gòu)： have difficulty with sth. have trouble (in) doing sth. have a hard time (in) doing sth. theres difficulty/trouble (in) doing sth./with sth.,There was great trouble (in) defeating the drought. 戰(zhàn)勝干旱遇到了巨大困難。 If you _ _ _the homework，you may turn to your sister for help. 如果你作業(yè)方面有困難，你可以求助于你的姐姐。,have difficulty with,【點(diǎn)津】 高考中常將have difficulty doing sth.中的difficulty提前作先行詞，因此定語從句中have后常用doing形式。,You cant imagine the difficulty we have ever had _ _ _ _. 你想像不到我們處理這個(gè)問題時(shí)所遇到的困難。,dealing,with the problem,7.By the 1850s it was selling one million copies a year,making it one of the most popular school books ever. 到19世紀(jì)50年代為止，該書以每年一百萬冊(cè)的速度銷售，成為有史以來最受歡迎的學(xué)習(xí)用書之一。 句中的making it one of the most popular school books ever是現(xiàn)在分詞短語在句中用作結(jié)果狀語?，F(xiàn)在分詞短語作結(jié)果狀語表示一種自然的結(jié)果，常置于句尾。,The child slipped and fell, hitting his head against the door. 那孩子滑了一跤，摔倒了，頭撞在了門上。 His parents died, _ _ _ _. 父母去世了，他成了孤兒。,leaving him an orphan,【真題鏈接】 2010天津，12It rained heavily in the south,_serious flooding in several provinces. A.caused B.having caused C.causing D.to cause,【解析】選C?？疾榉侵^語動(dòng)詞作結(jié)果狀語。句意：南方的大雨造成了多個(gè)省份的洪災(zāi)。非謂語動(dòng)詞的邏輯主語為前面一句話，邏輯主語與cause之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，故排除A項(xiàng)；D項(xiàng)表示意外結(jié)果，也被排除；cause這一動(dòng)作不能先于rained heavily，故B項(xiàng)也被排除。因此C項(xiàng)正確。,【想一想】現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語和不定式作結(jié)果狀語有何區(qū)別？,【拓展延伸】 現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語與不定式作結(jié)果狀語的區(qū)別 現(xiàn)在分詞表示的結(jié)果往往是自然而然、必然的結(jié)果；而不定式表示的結(jié)果往往是出乎意料的，且通常要在不定式前加only,never等副詞，強(qiáng)調(diào)驚訝和失望的情緒。例如： He had queued for half an hour,only to find that he didnt have enough money for the ticket. 他已經(jīng)排了半個(gè)小時(shí)的隊(duì)，結(jié)果卻發(fā)現(xiàn)沒有足夠的錢買票。,1.have.in common有相同的特點(diǎn) have a lot/much/a great deal in common with. 與有很多共同之處 have nothing/little in common with. 與沒有/幾乎沒有共同之處 in common with. 與一樣 common sense 常識(shí),Though we are friends, I have nothing in common with Jane. 盡管我們是朋友，但我和簡(jiǎn)毫無共同之處。 Its common sense to keep medicines away from children. 將藥品遠(yuǎn)離兒童是一種常識(shí)。 _ _ _many others, she applied for a training course. 像許多人一樣，她申請(qǐng)了培訓(xùn)課程。,In common with,【辨析】理解下列區(qū)別并選詞填空,含有“普通的，常見的，不足為奇的”等意思，側(cè)重于缺少顯著或異常的特征，特別說明某物因司空見慣而普通。,意為“通常的，尋常的，慣例的”，用于修飾經(jīng)常、固定或有一定的時(shí)間間隔重復(fù)發(fā)生的事，即有一定的規(guī)律性。,意為“正常的，通常的，平常的，普通的”， 指由于與常規(guī)、習(xí)慣、一般標(biāo)準(zhǔn)或品質(zhì)相同 而普通，無特別驚人的性質(zhì)。,It was just a(n) _ Friday, and I got up early as _. On my way to school, I saw many _ people waiting for the bus, which is _ in the city.,ordinary,usual,ordinary,common,2.lead to引起，導(dǎo)致；通向 lead sb. to+n. 帶領(lǐng)某人通往 lead sb. to do sth. 使得某人做某事 lead a.life 過的生活,Such a mistake would perhaps lead to disastrous consequences. 這樣一種錯(cuò)誤可能導(dǎo)致災(zāi)難性的后果。 What led you to this conclusion? 你是怎樣得出這個(gè)結(jié)論的？ What _ _ _ _the ladys money? 什么使他偷了這位女士的錢？,led him to steal,【點(diǎn)津】 lead to中的to是介詞，后跟名詞、代詞或v.-ing形式。,(1)make a difference有影響 (2)while表示對(duì)比，表示“而”的用法 (3)add及其相關(guān)短語的辨析,1.In our daily life, everyone fails every now and then. It is how you react that makes a _. A.development B.difference C.progress D.point 【解析】選B。句意：在我們的日常生活中，每個(gè)人都會(huì)不時(shí)地遭遇失敗。重要的是我們對(duì)此做出怎樣的反應(yīng)。make a difference“有影響，使不相同”，符合句意。,2.2012濟(jì)寧模擬Schools in the north tend to be well equipped,_those in the south are relatively poor. Aonce Bwhile Cas Duntil 【解析】選B。句意:北方的學(xué)校往往設(shè)備完善，而南方學(xué)校相對(duì)差一些。while 表示兩者的對(duì)比。其他詞無此用法。,3.用add，add to，add up，add up to的正確形式填空 （1）Many words have been _this edition of the dictionary. （2）He _ some wood to increase the fire. （3）If we _these marks, well get a total of 90. （4）The numbers _exactly 100.,added to,added,add up,add up to,