（湖北專版）2015屆高三英語總復(fù)習(xí)配套專題練習(xí) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)

動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)與語態(tài)基礎(chǔ)訓(xùn)練1. （孝感高中2014屆高三期末）I _ take a holiday this year, but I wasnt able to get away. (intend)我原打算今年休假，但是太忙脫不開身。解析：had intended to考查時(shí)態(tài)?！按蛩恪边@一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“太忙”之前，而“太忙”又是過去的動(dòng)作，所以打算屬于過去的過去，故句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。intend to do sth.意為“打算干某事”。2. （湖北恩施高中2014屆高三質(zhì)檢）The past two centuries the rise and fall of Chinese nation. (see)過去的兩個(gè)世紀(jì)見證了中華民族的興衰。解析：have seen考查時(shí)態(tài)。由句子的主語the past two centuries可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)。3. (湖北2014屆高三調(diào)考)The refrigerator that I broke down again. What bad luck! (repair)我之前讓人修理的電冰箱又壞了。真倒霉啊!解析：had had repaired考查時(shí)態(tài)。have sth. done意為“找人干某事”?！白屓诵蘩怼边@一動(dòng)作發(fā)生在“壞了”之前，而“壞了”發(fā)生在過去，所以從句的謂語動(dòng)詞發(fā)生在過去的過去，故應(yīng)用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。4. （湖北八校2014屆高三聯(lián)考）I would have attended your party, but I _ an examination yesterday. (busy)我應(yīng)該來參加你的晚會(huì)的，但是我昨天忙著準(zhǔn)備考試。解析：was busy (in) preparing for考查時(shí)態(tài)。由句子的時(shí)間狀語yesterday可知，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般過去時(shí)。be busy doing sth.意為“忙于干某事”。5. （黃岡潤德高中2014屆月考）Festivals and celebrations of all kinds _ everywhere since ancient times. (hold) 自古以來，世界各地就有各種各樣的節(jié)日和慶典。解析：have been held考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。由句子的時(shí)間狀語since ancient times可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，句子的主語festivals and celebrations of all kinds和謂語動(dòng)詞hold之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。6. (2014屆孝感高中調(diào)研)We _ for fifteen years, but believe it or not, I recognized him the moment I saw him. (meet)我們有十五年沒見面，但是信不信由你，我一見到他就認(rèn)出了他。解析：hadnt met考查時(shí)態(tài)。由句子的時(shí)間狀語for fifteen years可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用完成時(shí)態(tài)。“見到他”和“認(rèn)出了他”為過去時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，所以空格處要用過去完成時(shí)。7.(2014武漢高三起點(diǎn)調(diào)研) At present another bridge across the Yangtze River in the city. ( build)這座城市現(xiàn)在正在修建另一座跨長江大橋。解析：is being built考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語at present以及漢語提示可知，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用進(jìn)行時(shí)，another bridge與build之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。8. （2014年湖北八市高三聯(lián)考）Central government jobs “golden rice bowl” for their stable income and generous benefits. (describe)政府部門的工作因其穩(wěn)定的收入和優(yōu)厚的福利經(jīng)常被描述為“金飯碗”。解析：are often described as 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句子表達(dá)的是經(jīng)常性的事情所以要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。describeas意為“把描述為”。describe與central government jobs之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。9. （2014年湖北八市高三聯(lián)考）Dont worry. Its a storm in a teacup. Everyone_ about it by tomorrow. (forget)別擔(dān)心，這不過是茶杯里掀風(fēng)浪，到明天大家會(huì)忘記這事.解析：will have forgotten考查時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語by tomorrow可知，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用將來完成時(shí)。 提高強(qiáng)化1.（荊州2014屆高三質(zhì)檢）The young lady _ with her husband about money and housework. (hear) 經(jīng)常聽到那位年青女士為錢和家務(wù)事與丈夫爭吵。解析：is often heard to quarrel 考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語意思可知，“那位年青女士為錢和家務(wù)事與丈夫爭吵”是經(jīng)常性的事情，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)；the young lady和hear之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。hear sb. do sth.為省略了to的不定式，在被動(dòng)語態(tài)中要把省略的to補(bǔ)出來。2. （湖北武昌區(qū)2014屆高三調(diào)研）Many new technologies, such as Google Glasses, 3D printing, and cloud computing, our lives in the past five years （affect） 在過去五年里，像谷歌眼鏡、3D打印、云計(jì)算這樣的許多新技術(shù)一直在影響著我們的生活。解析：have been affecting考查時(shí)態(tài)。由時(shí)間狀語in the past five years并結(jié)合句意可知，句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)。現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)從過去就已經(jīng)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。3. (湖北龍泉中學(xué)2014屆高三月考)Many of the soldiers were diagnosed with cancer after they came back from the front because they _ radiation during the war. (expose) 很多士兵從前線回來都被診斷出了癌癥，因?yàn)樗麄冊(cè)趹?zhàn)爭期間曾暴露在輻射中。解析：had been exposed to 考查時(shí)態(tài)。“暴露在輻射中”發(fā)生在“診斷出了癌癥”之前，是過去的過去，所以從句的謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)態(tài)。be exposed to意為“暴露于”。4. （黃岡中學(xué)2014屆高三月考）The chief engineer including his colleagues _state secrets to America over these years. (betray)這些年來，這位總工程師與他的同事們一直在向美國泄露國家機(jī)密。解析：has been betraying考查時(shí)態(tài)。由句子的時(shí)間狀語over these years“泄露國家機(jī)密”從過去就開始了，并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，由此可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)從過去就已經(jīng)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。5.（湖北浠水三校2014屆高三月考）That was the first time in fifteen years that _. (meet) 那是十五年后我們的第一次見面。解析：we had met考查時(shí)態(tài)。It(This)is/was the first/second/third.time that.，“某人第一/二/三次干某事”。在本結(jié)構(gòu)中， that 引導(dǎo)的是定語從句， that可以省略，從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或者過去完成時(shí)；如果系動(dòng)詞是is，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果是was，從句用過去完成時(shí)。6. (湖北襄陽2014屆高三調(diào)研)To beautify our city, a large number of old houses along the street up to the present （pull）為了美化城市，到目前為止大量沿街房屋已經(jīng)被拆除。解析：have been pulled down考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。up to the present意為“到目前為止”。由時(shí)間狀語up to the present 可知句子要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；pull down意為“拆除”，pull down和old houses 之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。7. （黃石二中、黃岡中學(xué)、鄂州高中2014屆高三聯(lián)考）The administration of the government _ that once caught playing games or shopping on line in the office，the civil servant must be fired at once without any reason.(make)政府行政部門已經(jīng)制定規(guī)矩：一旦被發(fā)現(xiàn)在辦公室玩游戲或網(wǎng)購，該公務(wù)員必須毫無理由地立即被解雇。解析：has made it a rule考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)漢語提示可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)表示過去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響。make sth. a rule意為“使成為規(guī)則”，在句中it為形式賓語，代指that從句的內(nèi)容。8. （湖北2014屆10月聯(lián)考）It is said that the project _ by the end of this November and many college students will benefit from it. (complete)據(jù)說這項(xiàng)工程在11月底將會(huì)完成，屆時(shí)很多大學(xué)生將會(huì)受益。解析：will have been completed考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。由句子的時(shí)間狀語by the end of this November并結(jié)合句意可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用將來完成時(shí)。the project與complete之間為動(dòng)賓關(guān)系，所以句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。9. （湖北重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2014屆聯(lián)考）Because it was the first time she _ on stage, she felt very nervous. (sing)因?yàn)檫@是她第一次在舞臺(tái)上唱歌，她覺得非常緊張。解析：had sung 考查時(shí)態(tài)。It(This)is/was the first/second/third.time that.，“某人第一/二/三次干某事”。在本結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是定語從句， that可以省略，從句的時(shí)態(tài)必須是現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或者過去完成時(shí)；如果系動(dòng)詞是is，從句用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；如果是was，從句用過去完成時(shí)。10. （湖北重點(diǎn)中學(xué)2014屆高三聯(lián)考）My money and I have to cut down some of the living expenses. (run)我的錢快要用完了，我得削減部分生活開支了。解析：is running out考查時(shí)態(tài)?！坝猛?，耗盡”應(yīng)是run out，為不及物動(dòng)詞短語，不用被動(dòng)語態(tài)；由漢語意思可知，錢還沒用完，故用現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示將來的動(dòng)作，所以答案為is running out。11. （2014襄陽高三調(diào)研）Up till now I _an ideal flat. But the house price is too high for me to accept. (look)目前，我一直在尋找理想的公寓。但房價(jià)太高我不能接受。解析：have been looking for考查時(shí)態(tài)。由句子的時(shí)間狀語up to now以及句意可知“尋找理想的公寓”從過去就開始了，并且一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去，由此可知句子的謂語動(dòng)詞要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)進(jìn)行時(shí)?，F(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示動(dòng)作或者狀態(tài)從過去就已經(jīng)開始一直持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，還有可能繼續(xù)持續(xù)下去。