中考英語(yǔ) 第三輪 中考題型聚焦 第43講 任務(wù)型閱讀課件1

第 43講 任 務(wù) 型 閱 讀 回答問(wèn)題型遼寧各地市在中考試卷中的回答問(wèn)題型任務(wù)型閱讀中涉及故事集萃、風(fēng)俗文化、咨詢建議、現(xiàn)代科技、飲食健康、時(shí)事熱點(diǎn)等話題，詞數(shù)在200詞左右。每篇文章均設(shè)5個(gè)問(wèn)題。 1認(rèn)真審題，明確題目具體要求。此類任務(wù)型閱讀要求回答問(wèn)題，應(yīng)根據(jù)問(wèn)題找到原文中相應(yīng)的內(nèi)容，并根據(jù)其重點(diǎn)短語(yǔ)或語(yǔ)句，結(jié)合要完成的句子，推敲寫(xiě)出恰當(dāng)?shù)拇鸢浮?快速閱讀文章，有目的地查找相關(guān)信息，按照要求規(guī)范答題。帶著審題時(shí)對(duì)文章大意和結(jié)構(gòu)的了解以及所獲得的問(wèn)題快速瀏覽全文，以最快的速度到文章相應(yīng)的位置中搜尋有效信息。 3答案形式要符合提問(wèn)方式。不同類型的問(wèn)題要求用不同形式的回答，不能僅僅為了答案的簡(jiǎn)潔而忽略了問(wèn)題與回答在形式上的對(duì)應(yīng)。一般疑問(wèn)句要用yes或no來(lái)回答；特殊疑問(wèn)句要根據(jù)特殊疑問(wèn)詞具體回答，如：原文中提問(wèn)方式為“why”，那么就要用“because”引導(dǎo)的句子來(lái)回答。4仔細(xì)復(fù)核，填準(zhǔn)答案。完成所有答題之后，還需要再次快速讀一遍文章，核對(duì)答案。需要注意的是，有些題目答案可以在原文中直接找出；有些需要在分析原文句子的基礎(chǔ)上，結(jié)合題目特殊要求，進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)、人稱的轉(zhuǎn)換；有些需要進(jìn)行歸納總結(jié)，把答案正確表述出來(lái)。 【例1】閱讀下面短文，簡(jiǎn)略回答所提出的問(wèn)題。(2016，鐵嶺)Welcome to London! Millions of tourists are in the capital city of Britain this season every year.What can you do when youre here? There are many places of interest in London such as Buckingham Palace (白金漢宮), Big Ben and great churches (教堂)And also soldiers (士兵) in special clothes can be seen in the street.You can spend a lot of money in shops everywhere in London.There are many hotels at your service.The people who serve you may talk to you in your own language.There are hundreds of restaurants here.You can eat what you like around the world，from China to France，though you may have difficulty finding good English food. There is certainly something to do for fun.The British theatre is worldfamous，and offers all kinds of plays.Also you can watch films from all over the world because there are a large number of cinemas there.Every night there are concerts，you can enjoy yourself.When it rains，there are museums for you and they are free! When its fine，take a boat trip along the River Thames (泰晤士河)In London，you may be tired, you may get lost on the subway, you may worry about the weather, but you still feel excited and happy. 1Where can you see soldiers in special clothes in London?_2Is it easy to find food from different countries in London?_3What can the British theatre and cinemas in London offer you?_4How can you take a trip along the River Thames when its fine?_5How will you feel about the London trip？(at least three feelings)_ 【文章大意】本文是一篇說(shuō)明文。主要介紹了英國(guó)的文化習(xí)俗，包括著名景點(diǎn)、娛樂(lè)設(shè)施等。旨在培養(yǎng)學(xué)生了解異國(guó)文化風(fēng)情的興趣。1【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句“And also soldiers(士兵) in special clothes can be seen in the street.”可知可以在街道上看到穿特殊服裝的士兵。2【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段最后幾句“There are hundreds of restaurants here.You can eat what you like around the world，from China to France，though you may have difficulty finding good English food.”可知在倫敦，可以很容易找到其他國(guó)家的食物。 3【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段第二句“The British theater is worldfamous，and offers all kinds of plays.Also you can watch films from all over the world because there are a large number of cinemas there.”可知英國(guó)倫敦的電影院提供各種各樣的表演。4【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段最后一句“When its fine，take a boat trip along the River Thames(泰晤士河)”可知可以乘船游覽泰晤士河。5【解析】 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“In London，you may be tired，you may get lost on the subway，you may worry about the weather，but you still feel excited and happy.”可知你會(huì)感到累、擔(dān)憂、激動(dòng)和開(kāi)心。 答案：1.In_the_street.2Yes，it_is.3All_kinds_of_plays_and_films_from_all_over_the_world.4By_taking_a_boat_trip.5Tired,_worried，excited_and_happy 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答問(wèn)題。(2016，盤(pán)錦)A few years ago，my husband and I were on an island for a weekend with our two little daughters.As we went back and forth about what to do next，our girls jumped in and told us exactly what they wanted to do.“We want to go to the butterfly museum，” said Ariela and Eliana.As soon as we walked into the main area of the museum，we saw a large number of beautiful butterflies.They all flapped(撲動(dòng)) their colorful wings. My girls were jumping up and down.I knew we had made the right decision to come to the museum.I turned to our museum tour guide because I was curious(好奇的)，and asked，“How many months can butterflies live？” She said，“Only about ten days.”“What can butterflies do in ten days？” I asked.The guide stopped，looked at me，and answered，“They make the world a more beautiful place.”“Wow，” I said，“I never thought about butterflies like that.Thank you.”After we said goodbye，I couldnt stop thinking about what the guide had said.She was right.We all have something for the world with the time we have. Live like a butterfly，you have your own way of making the world better.1Where did the family spend the weekend?On_an_island.2Did the guide advise the family to go to the butterfly museum?No，she_didnt.3How many days can a butterfly live?About_10_days.4Which sentence shows that the kids were enjoying themselves in the museum?My_girls_were_jumping_up_and_down.5What can you learn from the story? Everyone_has_his/her_own_way_of_making_the_world_better. 完成表格型遼寧各地市在近3年的中考試題中表格型任務(wù)型閱讀涉及咨詢建議、動(dòng)/植物介紹、學(xué)習(xí)教育、飲食健康、科普知識(shí)、環(huán)境保護(hù)等話題。詞數(shù)在200詞左右，以表格形式設(shè)題，有5空。其中至少有34道題的答案可以在文中直接找到，偶爾有12道題則需要總結(jié)概括，如文章的標(biāo)題中某部分的小標(biāo)題。所填內(nèi)容均為單詞、短語(yǔ)和詞組。 解答該類題型，需按照“查表析文填表”的思路做到：1查表：閱讀表格，分析表格中的項(xiàng)目?jī)?nèi)容，把握信息范圍及對(duì)文章的理解方向。要特別關(guān)注文章的標(biāo)題欄及表格前的小標(biāo)題，這樣有助于理解短文的大意。2析文：快速瀏覽全文，把握短文大意；再讀文章內(nèi)容，找準(zhǔn)細(xì)節(jié)定位。在閱讀文章時(shí)，應(yīng)適時(shí)恰當(dāng)?shù)剡\(yùn)用多種閱讀技巧，對(duì)文章進(jìn)行全面的理解。3填表：準(zhǔn)確填好表格。對(duì)于34道能在文中直接找到答案的題，對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)比較容易。12道變形或者歸納概括的題對(duì)學(xué)生來(lái)說(shuō)就很困難。所以要在不失原意的基礎(chǔ)上把答案正確表述出來(lái)；另外，一定要注重書(shū)寫(xiě)習(xí)慣，特別是大、小寫(xiě)問(wèn)題。 【例2】閱讀下面短文，完成表格。(2016，鐵嶺)In our daily life，most of us dont want to make mistakes.We dislike mistakes，and sometimes were even afraid of them.In most peoples eyes，making mistakes means doing something wrong.But in fact，mistakes are really good in some ways.Here are some of the reasons.First of all，when we make mistakes，were growing.It is clear that we are trying new things.If we never try anything new，how can we improve? How can we develop? The simple answer is “We cant.” Look around us，almost everything we see in our real world is the result of someone trying something new. Secondly，when we make mistakes，we are learning.Edison failed 10，000 times before he invented the light bulb (燈泡), but he himself didnt think so.He said he just learned 10，000 things that didnt work.Finally，when we make a mistake，we are much closer to success.Why? Because we will try many times before we succeed.Every time we make a mistake，well have one more chance to succeed next time.There is an old saying：“If youre not making mistakes，youre not trying hard enough.”So，go ahead and face mistakes.And then grow，learn and succeed. 【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。主要闡述了三點(diǎn)犯錯(cuò)誤的好處，旨在告訴我們要勇敢面對(duì)自己所犯的錯(cuò)誤，這樣才能取得成功。1【解析】根據(jù)第一段倒數(shù)第二句“But in fact，mistakes are really good in some ways.”可知文章主要講的是犯錯(cuò)誤的好處。故填Making mistakes，注意首字母大寫(xiě)。2【解析】根據(jù)第二段第二句“It is clear that we are trying new things.”可知犯錯(cuò)誤可以讓我們嘗試新的東西。故填trying new things。3【解析】根據(jù)第三段最后一句“He said he just learned 10，000 things that didnt work.”可知愛(ài)迪生犯了10000次錯(cuò)誤，也學(xué)到了10000件事。 4【解析】根據(jù)第四段第一句“Finally，when we make a mistake，we are much closer to success.”可知錯(cuò)誤可以使我們離成功更近。5【解析】根據(jù)最后一段“So，go ahead and face mistakes.And then grow，learn and succeed.”可知不懼犯錯(cuò)并且(勇敢地)面對(duì)錯(cuò)誤。然后成長(zhǎng)，學(xué)習(xí)并取得成功。答案：1.Making_mistakes2trying_new_things310，000_things4close_to5grow,_learn_and_succeed 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容填表格。(2016，盤(pán)錦)Each different part of China has its own special forms of traditional art.These usually try to show the things that are important in life，such as love，beauty and family.The most common things，from paper to clay to bamboo，are turned into objects of beauty.According to Chinese history，sky lanterns were first used by Zhuge Kongming.He sent them out to ask for help when in trouble.Today sky lanterns are used at festivals and other celebrations.People use bamboo to make the lanterns，and then cover them with paper.When lanterns are lit，they slowly rise into the air.They are seen as bright symbols of happiness and good wishes. Paper cutting has been around for over 1，500 years.Paper cutting sounds very easy but it can be difficult to do.The paper，usually red，is folded before it is cut with scissors.The most common pictures are flowers，animals and things about Chinese history.During the Spring Festival，they are put on windows，doors and walls as symbols of wishes for good luck and a happy new year.Chinese clay art is famous because the clay pieces are so small but they look very real.The pieces are usually cute children or lively characters from a Chinese fairy tale or historical story.The pieces are shaped by hand from a very special kind of clay.Then they are fired，polished and painted.People spend several weeks finishing making a clay piece.These small pieces of clay art show the love that all Chinese people have for life and beauty. 綜合任務(wù)型遼寧各地市中考英語(yǔ)試卷中的任務(wù)型閱讀題基本以回答問(wèn)題及填表格型為主。試卷中有其他類型任務(wù)型閱讀的地區(qū)有沈陽(yáng)、錦州、營(yíng)口、阜新、朝陽(yáng)、鞍山，而它們的考查內(nèi)容都各具地方特色，無(wú)統(tǒng)一的命題規(guī)律。 【例3】閱讀短文，根據(jù)要求完成任務(wù)。(2016，朝陽(yáng))Share Your Love with O thersWhen you were very young，you liked to play with your friends.Did_you_find_that_playing_was_always_more_fun_when_everyone_shared_the_toys? Everyone got a turn.No one was left_outAs you get older，the idea of sharing takes on a new meaning.At your age，you can “share” with people in need in three ways.你可以把你的一部分錢給他們。Many adults do that regularly.You can share things you no _ use，such as clothing and toys.You can pass them to others who cant buy them. You can help people by giving your time and your energy.The last one is also called volunteering.Volunteering is about giving your time to take part in activities that will help others.Every year，many thousands of volunteers in the world give the most valuable gift.They give their time.They give their talent.They give themselves.And they are enjoying it.Volunteering_isnt_just_about_work.Its_also_about_fun.1將句譯成中文。_2處短語(yǔ)意思的最佳選項(xiàng)是：A逃跑B離開(kāi)C冷落3將句譯成英語(yǔ)。 _ 4在句的空白處填入一個(gè)適當(dāng)?shù)脑~，使句意完整，上下文通順。_5把處合成一個(gè)句子。_【文章大意】本文是一篇議論文。主要闡述了分享的好處，旨在告訴我們要學(xué)著與他人分享。1【解析】本句包含一個(gè)that引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句，“share”意為“分享”。2【解析】根據(jù)句意：每個(gè)人都會(huì)輪到。沒(méi)有人會(huì)被_。分析語(yǔ)境可知“l(fā)eft out”意為“冷落”。3【解析】本句涉及固定搭配“share sth.with sb.和某人分享某物” 。 4【解析】本句句意為“你可以分享一些你再也不會(huì)使用的東西，例如衣服和玩具。”根據(jù)句意可知此處包含一個(gè)固定短語(yǔ)“no longer，不再”。5【解析】本句句意為“志愿活動(dòng)不僅僅是有關(guān)于工作。它也是關(guān)于快樂(lè)?！笨梢允褂眠B詞“not only.，but also., 不僅而且”。答案：1.你發(fā)現(xiàn)了嗎？當(dāng)每個(gè)人分享玩具時(shí)，玩?？偸歉腥?。2_C_3You_can_share_part_of_your_money_with_them.4longer5Volunteering_is_not_only_about_work_but_also_about_fun. (一)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，完成短文后的任務(wù)。(2015，沈陽(yáng))It is in August of 2050.Mrs Peng and Mr Yu are writing about hotels and houses on their posts.The Hotel WhaleThe Hotel Whale is built (A)在水下It is in the shape of a whale.This hotel has 50 bedrooms，a cafe and a shopping center.Mrs Peng：“When we were staying at the hotel recently，my children watched the fish outside their bedroom window.(B)They were never bored！” Forever Green HousesThese houses are both “green” and “smart”There is glass outside the houses.Heat is held under the glass and is then used as energy for (C)each house.In the bathroom，your medicine cupboard is connected to your doctors computer.In the kitchen，your smart fridge tells the supermarkets computer when you (D)need more food.Mr Yu：“When we were living in our old house，we were using more energy.I would certainly recommend Forever Green Houses to my friends.(E)They_will_satisfy_everyone.” 1將(A)處畫(huà)線部分譯成英語(yǔ)：_2文中(B)處畫(huà)線部分指代的是：_3寫(xiě)出文中(C)處和(D)處畫(huà)線部分的同義詞或近義詞：_4將文中(E)處畫(huà)線部分改寫(xiě)為：Everyone will _ with them.5在文中找出兩個(gè)描述未來(lái)房屋的形容詞：_under the watermy_children every wantbe satisfiedgreen smart (二)還原句子閱讀短文，從AE五個(gè)句子中選擇正確選項(xiàng)還原到文中，使短文內(nèi)容完整、正確。(2016，營(yíng)口)Mobile phones have become a problem for middle schools.Some middle schools in Australia have banned(禁止) students from carrying mobile phones during school hours.Mobile phone use among children has become a problem for the schools this year.Several children have got mobile phones as Christmas gifts.1._Marry Bluett，an official，said mobile phone use was a distraction(分心的事) to students during school hours.2._ Teachers were saying that sometimes students might use phone messages to cheat during exams.She alsoDE said some schools had tried to ban mobile phones at school.3._ Because they couldnt get in touch with their children without mobile phones.Many teachers said students should not have mobile phones at school，but if there was a good reason，they could leave their phones at school office.They also said there were many reasons why the students should not have mobile phones at school.4._Many people said that they understood why parents would want their children to have mobile phones.5._BAC AIt also gave teachers so much trouble in their classrooms.BBut some parents felt unhappy about this.CThey thought schools should let the students know when they could use their mobile phones.DThen more students want them.EFor example，they were easy to lose and were distraction from studies.