2021中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)

Sweat is the lubricant of success.同學(xué)互助一起進(jìn)步（頁眉可刪）2021中考英語總復(fù)習(xí) 中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)不能獨(dú)立作謂語，只能和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用在行為動(dòng)詞前，表示說話人對這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法或主觀設(shè)想。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞主要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would) must not.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特點(diǎn)：情態(tài)動(dòng)詞無人稱和數(shù)的變化，情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面跟的動(dòng)詞須用原形，否定式構(gòu)成是在情態(tài)動(dòng)詞后面加 "not"。個(gè)別情態(tài)動(dòng)詞有現(xiàn)在式和過去式兩種形式，過去式用來表達(dá)更加客氣，委婉的語氣，時(shí)態(tài)性不強(qiáng)，可用于過去，現(xiàn)在或?qū)?。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞屬非及物動(dòng)詞，故沒有被動(dòng)語態(tài)。名詞的所有格名詞所有格，用來表示人或物的所有，以及領(lǐng)屬關(guān)系。1. 表示有生命的名詞的所有格其單數(shù)形式是加 s,其復(fù)數(shù)形式是s，例如：a students room, students rooms, fathers shoes。2. 如其結(jié)尾不是s的復(fù)數(shù)形式仍加 s，如：Childrens Day。3. 在表示時(shí)間、距離、長度、重量、價(jià)格、世界、國家等名詞的所有格要用 s，例如：a twenty minutes walk，ten miles journey，a boats length，two pounds weight, ten dollars worth。4. 無生命名詞的所有格則必須用of結(jié)構(gòu)，例如：a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country, the color of the flowers。5. 雙重所有格，例如：a friend of my fathers。注意：如果兩個(gè)名詞并列，并且分別有 s，則表示“分別有”，例如：Johns and Marys rooms(約翰和瑪麗各有一間，共兩間);Toms and Marys bikes(兩人各自的自行車)。兩個(gè)名詞并列，只有一個(gè)s，則表示“共有”，例如：John and Marys room(約翰和瑪麗共有一間);Tom and Marys mother(即Tom與Mary是兄妹)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)時(shí)代構(gòu)成(一)時(shí)態(tài)構(gòu)成：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)主要由動(dòng)詞的原形表示，如果主語是第三人稱單數(shù)，則在動(dòng)詞原形后加-s或-es。(二)時(shí)態(tài)的用法：1、表示經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作、存在的狀態(tài)和現(xiàn)階段的習(xí)慣常用的時(shí)間狀語有：often, sometimes, usually, always, seldom, in the morning, every day, on Sunday 等。如：He is always ready to help others.The students have sports at five every afternoon.Does he work hard?2、表示不受時(shí)間限制的事實(shí)或普遍真理Three plus two is five.A plane is faster than a car.China is in Asia.Light travels faster than sound.3、在含時(shí)間和條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中主句用一般將來時(shí)，從句則用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來動(dòng)作。如：I will stay at home if it rains tomorrow.Shell go to see him as soon as she arrives.When they come, theyll tell you something important.4、在含賓語從句的復(fù)合句中盡管主句用過去時(shí)態(tài)，但如果賓語從句所述內(nèi)容是客觀真理，從句謂語動(dòng)詞仍然用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：The teacher told her pupils that the sun rises in the east.5、表示已經(jīng)安排或計(jì)劃好將來必定會(huì)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)一般用be, come, go, arrive, leave, start等動(dòng)詞。如：My birthday falls on May 2.The meeting is at 2:00 p.m.His ship leaves at 9:00 a.m.6、圖片說明、電影說明、解說戲劇內(nèi)容及場景動(dòng)詞常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如：Scene 1 ( Mary and Miss Green are in the professors room-a large ,pleasant room with many books. There is a big desk near the window. )7、幾個(gè)由here, there 開頭的句子動(dòng)詞用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：There goes the bell. Lets hurry.Here comes the teacher.賓語從句的時(shí)態(tài)1. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，賓語從句該用什麼時(shí)態(tài)就用什麼時(shí)態(tài)。Can you tell me how I can get to the railway station?2. 如果主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過去時(shí)，賓語從句只能用相應(yīng)的過去時(shí)態(tài)(一般過去時(shí)， 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)， 過去將來時(shí)，過去完成時(shí))。例如：He asked what time it was.He told me that he was preparing for the sports meet.3. 如果賓語從句所陳述的是客觀真理，其時(shí)態(tài)常用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。例如：Our teacher said that January is the first month of the year.Scientists have proved that the earth turns around the sun.中考英語總復(fù)習(xí)21.John was given _ orange bag for his birthday but _ bag was lost just now. A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the2.Theres _ old tree near _ house. A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a3.There is _ 800-metre-long road behind _ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the4._ good,kind girl she is! A.How B.What a C.What D.How a5._ bad weather!I hope it wont last long. A.How B.What C.What a D.How a6._ they are listening to the teacher!A.How careful B.What careful C.How carefully D.What carefully由上例題我們可以發(fā)現(xiàn)冠詞和感嘆句是必考內(nèi)容。同樣，象賓語從句的語序、代詞的格、主謂語一致、動(dòng)詞和介詞的搭配、近義詞的比較以及習(xí)慣表達(dá)法和情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的使用等，無一不在考查之列。 所有這一切語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，我都將通過對典型試題的解題分析，展開討論，分層展示難易對比，系統(tǒng)歸納。 對于語言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)是這樣處理，那么對以能力測試為主要目的的中考其他試題形式又該怎么辦呢? 這里我們以一篇完形填空題為例：A poor farmer had never left his small village.After he(1) a lot of money,he decided to spend a holiday in an e-pensive hotel(旅館)in a bigtown.(2)lunch time came on his first day there,he went to eat in the restaurant(餐館)of the hotel(3) his new clothes.The head waiter(服務(wù)員)(4)him to the table,took his order and went away.When he turned and (5)the farmer again,he had a (6)!The farmer had tied(系)his table cloth round his (7).The head waiter told another waiter to go to the farmer and (8) him that people (9) do such a thing in his restaurant.So the waiter went tothe farmer and said in a (10) voice(聲音),"Good morning,sir.Would you like a haircut?"1.A.lent B.made C.paid D.gave2.A.During B.Though C.When D.Because3.A.for B.with C.on D.in4.A.wanted B.put C.showed D.brought5.A.looked at B.watched C.saw D.found6.A.look B.rest C.table cloth D.surprise7.A.arm B.neck C.hand D.head8.A.ask B.tell C.taught D.told9.A.cant B.dont C.wont D.mustnt10.A.friendly B.tired C.sad D.ter要求考生從所給的選項(xiàng)中選出正確答案，使補(bǔ)足后的短文意思通順，結(jié)構(gòu)完整。對此，考生必須通篇考慮，不能拿來就做，那樣必然顧此失彼，前后意思不得連貫。目前的中考完型還側(cè)重于語法，這將在逐年試題的變革中轉(zhuǎn)向按上下文的要求來推斷理解。在解這類題時(shí)，必須掌握“詞感現(xiàn)象”，注意學(xué)會(huì)區(qū)分“干擾項(xiàng)”。所謂詞感，“the sense of word"是指一種對詞或詞群的感受能力。對詞的感受力強(qiáng)，在解題時(shí)會(huì)較為容易地找到它與情景的關(guān)系。詞感并不僅僅指詞與詞之間的細(xì)微差異，也并不注重詞的搭配與組合，它較多地強(qiáng)調(diào)選用恰當(dāng)?shù)脑~，以利于對情景作出合乎邏輯的判斷。同時(shí)也就把其它三個(gè)作為干擾項(xiàng)的選擇項(xiàng)排除掉了。最后復(fù)讀一篇全文，就會(huì)語感流暢，句意明確。這兒舉例的目的是想說明，我從一個(gè)較高的立意來對中考題型，特別是完形、閱讀等，進(jìn)行分析、探討，借以使同學(xué)們獲得較為完整的解題思路和解題方法。詞匯(一)這一講里，主要幫助同學(xué)們掌握名詞、冠詞、數(shù)詞的用法，特別是針對同學(xué)不易掌握的方面。一、名詞關(guān)于名詞，我們必須掌握名詞的數(shù)，名詞的格。單數(shù)可用a、an來修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，在元音發(fā)音開頭的單詞前用an，而不是a1.復(fù)數(shù)的構(gòu)成方法：(1)一般在復(fù)數(shù)名詞后加s，如：dog-dogs。(2)以s、-、ch、sh結(jié)尾的名詞加es，如：watch-watches。(3)以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，變y為i加es， 如：country-countries。請區(qū)別：如果是元音字母加y結(jié)尾的名詞，則只須加s。 如：monkey-monkeys。(4)以o結(jié)尾的名詞，只有potato(土豆)，tomato(西紅柿)加es構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)。(5)以f、fe結(jié)尾的名詞，變f、fe為v再加es， 如：knife-knives。2.單復(fù)數(shù)形式相同的詞：sheep-sheep，fish-fish Chinese-Chinese，Japanese-Japanese3.特殊變化的單詞有：(1)tooth-teeth，foot-feeth(2)man-men，woman-women，policeman-policemen,Frenchman-Frenchmen請區(qū)別：German(德國人)Germans (3)childchildren4.常以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)的名詞：people(人)，clothes(衣服)，trousers(褲子) glasses(眼鏡) ,這些名詞作主語時(shí)，同學(xué)們應(yīng)特別注意它們的謂語，用復(fù)數(shù)。 如：My clothes are (be) newer than yours.5.有些名詞看似復(fù)數(shù)形式，實(shí)際上是單數(shù)。這一點(diǎn)是同學(xué)不易掌握的，應(yīng)特別加以記憶。如：news(消息)，maths(數(shù)學(xué))，physics(物理) No news is good news.6.可用how many，many，a few，few，a lot of，lots of，some，any等來修飾可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)。 How many are there in your pencil-bo-?(knife)不可數(shù)名詞：1.常見的不可數(shù)名詞有：water，rice，fish，meat，等。應(yīng)特別記medicine,news,work,homework,housework,money,chalk,weather,cotton,wood.2.不可數(shù)名詞無復(fù)數(shù)，作主語時(shí)?？闯蓡螖?shù)。如：Some bread_over there.(be)3.常用how much,much,a little,little,a lot of,some,any等來修飾不可數(shù)名詞。4.常用a piece of,a cup of等來表示不可數(shù)名詞的量。如要表達(dá)“兩片面包”這樣的意義，bread仍為不可數(shù)名詞，不加s，而piece則可加s。即：twopiecesof bread請區(qū)別：可數(shù)名詞也可用量來表示， 如：三箱蘋果three bo-es of apples例： 1、These two pieces of bread _over there.(be) 2、Could I have three _,please?A.piece of bread B.piece of breads C.pieces of bread D.pieces of breads名詞的格 名詞所有格的構(gòu)成方法，在名詞后加“ s”。如：TomToms譯為“的”，若遇上以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞，則在s后加“ ”即可。如：TeachersDay , twoweeksholiday，而不以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞的所有格，仍按慣例加s 。如：Childrens Day關(guān)于名詞所有格，應(yīng)掌握以下幾點(diǎn)：1.可用名詞所有格表示地點(diǎn)。 如：my aunts 我姑姑家。 go to the doctors 去醫(yī)生家。2.表示兩人共同擁有，在最后一個(gè)名詞后加s 如：Lucy and Lilys 露西和莉莉的3.掌握詞組：a girl of five 一個(gè)五歲的女孩 a friend of mine 我的一個(gè)朋友eg;The white shirt is and blue one is . A、Kate,my B.Kates,mine C.Kate,mine D.Kates,my二、冠詞冠詞是詞匯中的基礎(chǔ)的，也是簡單的部分，所以同學(xué)們有必要掌握其基本用法，歸納起來，同學(xué)們應(yīng)該掌握以下幾點(diǎn)：1.冠詞指不定冠詞a,an和定冠詞the2.不定冠詞an常用于元音發(fā)音開頭的詞前，如：an hour,an English car. 請區(qū)別：a useful machine3.指上文提到過的人或物，用定冠詞the4.在世界上獨(dú)一無二的事物前用定冠詞the.如：the sun,the moon,the earth5.定冠詞the用于序數(shù)詞前，表示方位的名詞和形容詞級(jí)前。如：the first,the best ,in the south6.在復(fù)數(shù)姓氏前加the，表示-一家人，?？闯蓮?fù)數(shù)。如：The Browns are going to Shanghai for a holiday this summer.7.在介詞短語中常用定冠詞the，如：in the bo- ,behind the chair8.特別注意不能用定冠詞the的幾個(gè)方面：(1)在節(jié)日、星期、月份、季節(jié)、年等詞前不用冠詞。如：in summer,in August請區(qū)別：in the spring of 1945. (這里表示特指，故加the)(2)一日三餐和球類運(yùn)動(dòng)名不用冠詞。 如：have breakfast ,play football(3)一些固定詞組中，如：go to bed ,go to school,by bus ,at night.9.在有些詞組中，有冠詞和無冠詞意思不同，請注意區(qū)別：in front of 在前面 in the hospital 在醫(yī)院里in the front of 在范圍內(nèi)的前部 in hospital (生病)住院練習(xí):Theres _800-metre-long road behind _hospital. A.an,an B.a, a C.an, the D.a, the三、數(shù)詞同學(xué)們首先應(yīng)會(huì)讀會(huì)寫所有基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞，以及與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法。對數(shù)詞的考查，中考常采用單選題及聽力題，這些題型歸納起來，應(yīng)掌握以下幾點(diǎn)特別容易出錯(cuò)的地方。1.基數(shù)詞變序數(shù)詞。其規(guī)律為：1,2,3特殊記，加th從4起 (first,second,third,fourth)8少t，9去e，千萬別忘記 (eighth,ninth) 逢5逢12，ve變f (fifth,twelfth)20到90，y要變ie (twentieth,ninetieth) 若是幾十幾，前基后序別倒位 (ninety-first)2.hundred,thousand,million 在構(gòu)成具體的數(shù)字時(shí)用單數(shù)形式。 如：five hundred people. 只有在表達(dá)籠統(tǒng)的多數(shù)時(shí)才加s，構(gòu)成復(fù)數(shù)形式。hundreds of 數(shù)以百計(jì)的，成百上千的 thousands of 數(shù)以千計(jì)的，成千上萬的millions of 數(shù)百萬的 這些詞組前不能用具體數(shù)字。3.序數(shù)詞常與定冠詞the 連用。 練習(xí):Henry has learned eight _ French words this year.A.hundred B.hundreds C.hundred of D.hundreds ofThe _lesson is the most difficult one in Book Two. (twenty)另外，同學(xué)們還應(yīng)掌握與數(shù)詞有關(guān)的鐘點(diǎn)表達(dá)法。順讀法(鐘點(diǎn)+分鐘) 如：4:30 four thirty 4:45 four forty-five4:15 four fifteen 倒讀法(分鐘+to/past+鐘點(diǎn)) 如：4:30 half past four4:15 fifteen past four/a quarter past four 4:45 fifteen to five/a quarter to five練習(xí)題 :1.At the beginning of the_(twenty) century,the worlds population was about 1700 million.2.Are these_(watch)yours? Yes.3.You dont look well.Youd better go to the_(doctor) at once.4.Would you give me_,please?A.two papers B.two piece of paper C.two pieces of paper D.two pieces of papers5.There are three_and seven_in the picture.A.monkeys,sheeps B.monkeys,sheep C.monkies,sheep D.monkies,sheeps6.A lot of_are talking with two_.A.Germans,Frenchmans B.Germen,Frenchmans C.German, Frenchmen D.Germans,Frenchmen7.June 1 is _.A.the Childrens Day B.the Childrens Day C.Childrens Day D.Childrens Day8._people went out to see what had happened.A.Thousands of B.Three thousand ofC.Thousand of D.Three thousands9.We have been in the school for_. A.three and a half month B.three and a half monthsC.three month and a half D.three months and half10._English is_ useful language.A.A, an B./, a C.The, an D. A, / 11.John was given _ orange bag for his birthday but _ bag was lost just now. A.an,a B.a,the C.the,a D.an,the12.Theres _ old tree near _ house.A.a,an B.an,the C.a,the D.the,a13.There is _ 800-metre-long road behind _ hospital.A.an,an B.a,a C.an,the D.a,the 四.代詞人稱代詞: 主格: 單數(shù)I 、you 、he 、she 、it 復(fù)數(shù) we 、you 、they 賓格: 單數(shù)me 、you 、him 、her 、it 復(fù)數(shù)us 、you 、them物主代詞: 形容詞性 my 、your 、his 、her 、its 、our 、your 、their名詞性 mine 、yours 、his 、hers 、its 、ours 、yours 、theirs反身代詞: myself 、yourself 、himself 、herself 、itself 、ourselves 、yourselves 、themselves1.形容詞性物主代詞在句中只能作定語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)形容詞，名詞性物主代詞在句中可作表語、主語和賓語，相當(dāng)于一個(gè)名詞。2.注意名詞性物主代詞在句中所指代的關(guān)系,是單數(shù)還是復(fù)數(shù)。如：These books arent ours. Ours are new. (這里ours=our books)This is not our room. Ours is over there. (這里ours=our room) 3."of+名詞性物主代詞"表示所屬 如：a sister of his 他的一個(gè)妹妹 a friend of mine 我的一個(gè)朋友4.人稱代詞在并列使用時(shí)的順序?yàn)椋骸暗诙朔Q，第三人稱，第一人稱”。如：You, she and I all enjoy the music.5.關(guān)于反身代詞，同學(xué)們須掌握其固定結(jié)構(gòu)：enjoy oneself=have a good time (過得很愉快) by oneself=alone (單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自)help oneself to (隨便吃/喝 些.) learn sth. by oneself =teach oneself sth. (自學(xué))練習(xí)題 1.-Whose trousers are these? -_, I think.A.They B.Their C.Theirs D.Them 2. Nobody taught_English. He taught_.A.him, himself B.his, himself C.him, by himself D.his, his(二) 修飾可數(shù)名詞 many few 表否定意義 a few 表肯定意義修飾不數(shù)名詞 much little 表否定意義 a little 表肯定意義 few 和 little 與 quite 或 only 連用時(shí)，常加不定冠詞 a.如:There are quite a few new books in the library.=用little, a little, few, a few填空:1.I often stay at home because I have _ friends here.2.Jim,dont go and get some water. There is _ water in the glass.3.Though he learned French only _ weeks. He can speak very well.4.Lily had _ bread because she was hungry yesterday.(三)不定代詞: something, anything, nothing.當(dāng)形容詞修飾這三個(gè)不定代詞時(shí)，常后置。 如：something newTheres _ in todays newspaper. 中考題A.important anything B.important something C.anything important D.something important(四)另外，還要注意代詞some, every, all, both, either, another1.some(一些，某) 一般用于肯定句中 注：some有時(shí)也可用于表示請求的疑問句中。any(任何) 多用于疑問句和否定句 Will you give me some water? Would you like some meat? May I ask some questions? Could I have some apples?2.every+單數(shù)名詞 “每一個(gè)” 強(qiáng)調(diào)共性，作定語,形式上為單數(shù)。each “每一個(gè)” 強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)性，作定語、主語、賓語和同位語，常與of連用。如: Each student was asked to try again. Each of them has a nice skirt.Every child likes playing games. 3.all “(全部)都” 表示三者或三者以上，作同位語時(shí)，一般放在連系、助動(dòng)詞之后，行為動(dòng)詞之前。none “沒有”表示三者或三者以上都不，后常跟介詞of如： We are all from Canada. = All of us are from Canada.None of us is/are afraid of dogs.(單、復(fù)數(shù)均可)4.both “(兩者)都” ,作主語時(shí)，看作復(fù)數(shù);作定語時(shí)，后跟名詞復(fù)數(shù)。either “兩者中任何一個(gè)” ,作主語時(shí)，謂語用第三人稱單數(shù);作定語時(shí)，后跟名詞單數(shù)。neither “(兩者)都不”,含有否定意義，用法同either。如：They both swim well. =Both of them swim well.There are trees on both sides of the street. = There are trees on either side of the street.Neither of us is going to Beijing ne-t week.Neither answer is right.5. another +單數(shù)名詞, “另一個(gè)”one the other “一個(gè)，另一個(gè)” the other +復(fù)數(shù)名詞 = the others “其他的人或物” (指確定范圍內(nèi)剩下的全部) others “別人”(五)疑問代詞 5個(gè)“wh”, 即who, whose, whom, what, which這里，which是同學(xué)們不易掌握的內(nèi)容，其實(shí)，同學(xué)們只須記住，對作定語的內(nèi)容提問，常用which. 例如: I like the red shirt. _ _ do you like ? 練習(xí):一、根據(jù)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空，使句意通順，語法完整6.Can you come with us?(we)?7.These skirts are hers. Yours are over there.(she)?8.Please take care of yourselves, boys and girls.(you)?9.I dont think this is my frisby, though it looks like mine.(I) ?10.Look at those books. Are they yours?(that)二、根據(jù)首字母填空?11.Is there anything interesting in the newspaper? ?12.She asked us to help each other.13.The old man can neither read nor write. ?14.Nothing is difficult if you put your heart into it. ?15.Please help yourself to some fish, Lucy.?三、同義句轉(zhuǎn)換?16、A: The children played happily in the zoo yesterday.?B: The children enjoyed themselves in the zoo yesterday. ?17、A: He doesnt like mutton, and she doesnt, either.?B: Neither he nor she likes mutton.18、A: All the American people dont like sandwiches.?B: Not all the American people like sandwiches. ?19、A: They dont often hear the twins sing the song in the school.?B: Neither of the twins is often heard to sing the song in the school.ZK)四、單項(xiàng)選擇?(C)20、-Can you speak Chinese, Peter?-Yes, but only .?A. little B. few C. a little D. a few ?(A)21、-Do you like Janes new skirt?-Yes, very much. Ill ask mum to buy for me.?A. one B. it C. the other D. a ?(B)22、The color of her skirt is different from of mine.?A. one B. that C. it D. this ?(B)23、Students are usually interested in sports. Some like running, some like swimming. like ball games.?A. the others B. others C. the other D. other ?(A)24、-Ill give the boys to eat.?-Oh, I know, fish and chips.?A. something English B. English something?C. anything English D. English anything (D)25、-Shall I help you with the heavy bo-?-No, thanks, I can do it .?A. me B. my C. mine D. myself ?(D)26、-What time shall we meet this afternoon,3:00 or 4:00?-I dont mind. time is OK.?A. Neither B. Each C. Any D. Either ?(C)27、-My bag is full, what about ?- is full, too.?A. you, Yours B. his, He C. yours, Mine D. hers, She ?(D)28、-Ive had enough bread, Would you like ?-No, thanks.?A. a few more B. one more C. another more D. some more ?(A)29、There are many trees on sides of the river.?A. both B. either C. neither D. each(A)1、He has two bikes, one is new, is old.A. the other B. other C. the others D. others ?(C)2、Without the sun, could grow in the world.?A. anything B. something C. nothing D. everything ?(B)3、 of them is going to play basketball with you this afternoon.?A. All B. Neither C. Some D. Both ?(B)4、-Can you tell me what a panda looks like?-Look! This is a picture of .?A. it B. one C. two D. some ?(B)5、There are not many pears here, but you can take if you want to.?A. few B. a few C. a little D. little二、形容詞 副詞大多數(shù)的形容詞、副詞都有三個(gè)等級(jí)： 原級(jí)：比較級(jí)： 比較.，更.一些 級(jí)： 最.(A)1.構(gòu)成：(規(guī)則情況)情況 變 化 方 法 例 詞單音節(jié)詞和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞: 一般情況 加er, est clever-cleverer-cleverest以字母e結(jié)尾 加r, st nice-nicer-nicest重讀閉音節(jié)、末尾只有一個(gè)輔音字母時(shí) 雙寫加er, est big-bigger-biggest以輔音字母加y結(jié)尾 變y為i加er, est early-earlier-earliest部分雙音節(jié)和多音節(jié)詞 在詞前加more, most slowly-more slowly-most slowly2.不規(guī)則變化，須熟記： good/well-better-best many/much-more-most far-farther-farthestbad/badly/ill-worse-worst little-less-least(B)常見的使用情況1.as as 和.一樣(中間用原級(jí)) 2.not as(so) as 和.不一樣(中間用原級(jí))3 than . .比.(用比較級(jí))4.有范圍修飾的用級(jí) 如:in, of, among或用從句修飾的eg.Winter is the coldest season of the year. This is the best film that I have ever seen .5.比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí) 意為“越來越.eg: wetter and wetter more and more beautiful6. The+比較級(jí)，the+比較級(jí) 越.就越. eg:The more, the better. 越多越好(C)注意點(diǎn)：1.形容詞級(jí)前一定要用the,副詞級(jí)前可省略。2.可用much, a little, even, still等修飾比較級(jí)。3.在比較級(jí)中為了避免重復(fù)，在than后常用one,that,those等詞來替代前面提到過的名詞。eg:The weather here is warmer than that of Shanghai.(D)掌握三種同義句轉(zhuǎn)換：1.He is taller than any other student in his class. =He is the tallest (student)in his class.2.This film is less interesting than that one. =This film isnt as interesting as that one. =That film is more interesting than this one.3.I prefer maths to English. =I like maths better than English.Which do you like _, fish, meat _ eggs? A.best, or B.better,or C.best, and D.better,and此外，關(guān)于形容詞、副詞的內(nèi)容同學(xué)們還須掌握：1.形容詞修飾名詞作定語，跟在連系動(dòng)詞之后作表語。2.副詞修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞或其它副詞 enough屬例外詞：形/副+enough to do enough+名詞 例如;She is old enough to go to school. 她夠上學(xué)的年齡了。3.區(qū)別幾組易混淆的副詞: 也 too用于肯定、疑問句 also 較為正式書面語 either 用于否定句 已經(jīng) already 常用于肯定句、疑問句 yet 常用于否定句、疑問句不再 no (not any) longer 從時(shí)間上講 no (not any) more 從動(dòng)作上講如此這樣 such 修飾名詞 eg: such a big bo-so 修飾形容詞、副詞 eg: so big 單獨(dú)、獨(dú)自 alone 作表語 =by oneself 孤獨(dú)的 lonely 可作表語、定語 eg:A group of girls are singing and dancing _ over there. (happy)練習(xí)題 1.The students are having a good time in the park. Some are drawing by the lake. _ are climbing the hill.A.Others B. Other C. Another D.The other2.There isnt _ in todays newspaper.A. important something B. important anything C. anything important D. nothing important3.-Whose watch is this, Mary? Is it your sisters?-No,Mum. Its not _. Its _.A.hers, my B. her, my C. Mine, hers D.hers, mine4.The Changjiang River is the third _ river in the world.A.long B.longer C.longest D.the longest5. An elephant is _ than a horse.A.more strong B. much stronger C. the most strong D. much more strong6. Which do you like _, tea, orange or water?A.good B.Well C. Better D. Best一、介詞1.與形容詞搭配的詞組有： be afraid of (怕) be angry with (生某人的氣)be away from (不在某地) be different from (與不同)be good at (善于) be good/ bad for (對有益/有害) be interested in (對感興趣) be late for (遲到) be/get ready for (為作好準(zhǔn)備) be sure of (對有把握)be worried about (為感到擔(dān)憂)2.介詞后常用人稱代詞賓格和動(dòng)詞-ing形式1)You must take good care of her. 2)Thank you for teaching us so well.3.幾組易混淆的介詞A. “在.之后” in + 一段時(shí)間(用于一般將來時(shí))after + 一段時(shí)間(用于一般過去時(shí)) after + 一點(diǎn)時(shí)間(常用于一般將來時(shí))如：The baby stopped crying after half an hour.The baby will stop crying in half an hour. They will visit their teacher after Friday.B. for +一段時(shí)間 since +過去的一點(diǎn)時(shí)間這兩者均用于現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)，具體在時(shí)態(tài)部分，我會(huì)繼續(xù)向同學(xué)們講解。C. be made of "用制成" be made in “由某地制造”be made by somebody “由某人制成”D. in, on, at表時(shí)間 in “在某月(季節(jié)、年)等” eg:in 1996, in January, in summer固定詞組：in the morning, in a week,in a minute,in time, in the endon "用于指具體的某一天或?qū)Ｖ改骋惶焐衔纭⑾挛缁蛲砩系?quot;eg:on Christmas Day, on the night of February 16at “用于具體時(shí)刻前和某些固定詞組中”固定詞組：at seven, at the moment, at night, at last, at first, at noon, at times, at once, at this time of the year, at the beginning of, at the end of this month, at the same time 注意：在表時(shí)間里，下列情況下一般不用介詞。詞組里有：ne-t, last, this, that, tomorrow, yesterday, one, every, all 以及the day before yesterday和the day after tomorrow 前不用介詞 。 如:不能說 in tomorrow ,只能說 tomorrow 在明天E. e-cept +賓格/doing something