三年高考真題英語分項匯編 專題03 形容詞和副詞（含解析）-人教高三全冊英語試題

三年（2018-2020）年高考真題分項匯編專題03 形容詞和副詞 一、2020年高考真題1.（2020·新課標I卷語法填空）Landing on the moons far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副詞。句意：登錄月球的背面是極其有挑戰(zhàn)性的?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~challenging，應(yīng)使用extreme的副詞形式，故填extremely。2.（2020·新課標I卷語法填空）Landing on the moons far side is 62 (extreme) challenging.【答案】extremely【解析】考查副詞。句意：登錄月球的背面是極其有挑戰(zhàn)性的?？仗幮揎椥稳菰~challenging，應(yīng)使用extreme的副詞形式，故填extremely。3.（2020·新課標II卷語法填空）Bamboo: Chinese love their “Lucky Bamboo” plants and you will see them often in their homes and office. 66 (certain) during the holiday period, this plant is a must.【答案】Certainly【解析】考查副詞。句意：當然在假期期間，這種植物是絕對必要的事物。介詞短語做時間狀語，因此只有改變成副詞才能復(fù)合句子結(jié)構(gòu)，用副詞形式做狀語。故填Certainly。4.（2020·新課標II卷語法填空）The 69 (beauty) long branches covered with pink-colored buds (蓓蕾) make fantastic decorations.【答案】beautiful【解析】考查形容詞。句意：美麗的長枝上覆蓋著粉紅色的花蕾，做成漂亮的裝飾。修飾名詞branches，用形容詞形式。故填beautiful。5.（2020·新課標II卷短文改錯）Im surely youll have a good time.【答案】將surely改為sure【解析】考查形容詞。句意：我相信你會玩得很開心的。分析句子，此處be動詞am后面需用形容詞作表語。故將surely改為sure。6.（2020·新課標II卷短文改錯）Then I can spare some time to learn it again, such that we can practice together on every day.【答案】將such改為so【解析】考查副詞。句意：然后我就可以抽出時間重新學(xué)習(xí)它，這樣我們就可以每天一起練習(xí)。分析句子，此處應(yīng)表示“以便；所以”。故將such改為so。7.（2020·新課標II卷短文改錯）See you sooner.【答案】將sooner改為soon【解析】考查固定短語。句意：希望盡快見到你。See you soon 譯為“希望盡快見到你”，是固定短語。此處不需用比較級。故將sooner改為soon。8.（2020·新課標III卷語法填空）One day the emperor wanted to get his portrait (畫像) done so he called all great artists to come and present their 62 (fine) work, so that he could choose the best.【答案】finest【解析】考查最高級。句意：一天，皇帝想讓人給他畫一幅肖像，于是他把所有偉大的畫家都請來，展示他們最好的作品，以便他挑選最好的。結(jié)合句意，皇帝想要畫家最好的作品，表示“最好的”此處應(yīng)用形容詞最高級finest。故填finest。9.（2020·新課標III卷語法填空）As the small boat moved, 68 (gentle) along the river he was left speechless by the mountains being silently reflected in the water.【答案】gently【解析】考查副詞。句意：當小船緩緩地沿著江面移動時，山在水中的倒影使他說不出話來。此處修飾動詞moved應(yīng)用副詞gently作狀語，表示“緩緩地”。故填gently。10. （2020·江蘇卷單項填空）The outbreak of Covid-19 has meant an _ change in our life and work.A. absurdB. abruptC. allergicD. authentic【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:新冠肺炎疫情的爆發(fā)，給我們的生活和工作帶來了一個突然的變化。A. absurd荒謬的；B. abrupt突然的；C. allergic過敏的；D. authentic真實的。根據(jù)常識可知，新冠肺炎疫情給我們的生活和工作帶來了一個突然的變化。故選B。11.（2020·天津卷單項填空）According to Professor Johnson, we dont have to read the book if we dont want to, as it is _.AworthwhileBnecessaryCoptionalDserious【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析。句意:根據(jù)約翰遜教授的說法，如果我們不想讀這本書，就不必讀，因為它是可選擇的。A. worthwhile值得的；B. necessary必要的；C. optional 可選擇的，選修的；D. serious嚴肅的，認真的。根據(jù)“we dont have to read the book if we dont want to”可知，這本書讀不讀都可以，由此可知，它是“可選擇的”。故選C。12.（2020·山東卷語法填空）In the 18th and 19th centuries, 36 (wealth) people travelled and collected plants, historical objects and works of art.【答案】wealthy【解析】考查形容詞。句意:在18和19世紀，富人旅行并收集植物、歷史物品和藝術(shù)品。此處修飾名詞people，應(yīng)使用形容詞，做定語。故填wealthy。二、2019年高考真題1.【2019·江蘇卷·單項填空】28.Unlike traditional gyms, app-backed gyms offer people _ options to exercise.A. casualB. regularC. flexibleD. tight【答案】C【解析】考查形容詞辨析。句意：不像傳統(tǒng)的體育鍛煉，有app軟件的體育鍛煉提供了靈活的鍛煉選項。A. casual偶然的，隨便的；B. regular定期的，有規(guī)律的；C. flexible靈活的；D. tight緊的，密封的。故選C。2.【2019·新課標I卷·語法填空】It is difficult to figure out a global population of polar bears as much of the range has been _62_ (poor) studied; however, biologists calculate that there are about 20,000-25,000 polar bears worldwide.【答案】poorly【解析】考查副詞用法。根據(jù)句意和結(jié)構(gòu)分析可知，此處用副詞poorly修飾謂語動詞has been studied，意為“研究很少”。故填poorly。3.【2019·新課標II卷·語法填空】Her years of hard work have _63_(final)been acknowledged after a customer nominated(提名)her to be Cheshire's Woman Of The Year.【答案】finally【解析】考查副詞用法。根據(jù)空格所處位置可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞形式作狀語，修飾謂語動詞have been acknowledged，意為“最終得以認可”，故填finally。4.【2019·新課標III卷·語法填空】On our way to the house，it was raining _61_ hard that we couldn't help wondering how long it would take to get (get)there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.【答案】so【解析】考查副詞。句意：在我們?nèi)ツ亲孔拥穆飞?，雨下得如此大以至于我們不能不想還要多久才能到達那里?！皊othat”意為“如此以至于”，引導(dǎo)結(jié)果狀語從句。故填so。5. （2019·新課標I卷·語法填空）Scientists have responded by _noting_ (note) that hungry bears may be congregating(聚集) around human settlements, leading to the illusion(錯覺) that populations are _68_ (high) than they actually are. 【答案】higher【解析】考查形容詞的比較級。根據(jù)其后than they actually are可知，此處為形容詞的比較級，故填higher。6.【2019·新課標I卷·短文改錯】I became interesting in playing football thanks to a small accident.【答案】interesting改為interested【解析】考查形容詞用法?！癷nterest（使感興趣；使關(guān)注）”的形容詞有interesting（使人感興趣的）常修飾物；與interested（表現(xiàn)出興趣的）常修飾人。本句的意思為：多虧一個偶然的事件，我對踢足球產(chǎn)生了興趣。主語是I，故將interesting改為interested。7.【2019·新課標II卷·短文改錯】One was that I was amazing at the fact that a sick person could feel much better after seeing a doctor.【答案】amazing改為amazed【解析】考查形容詞用法?！癮maze（使驚奇；使驚愕）”形容詞形式有amazed（大為驚奇）與amazing（令人大為驚奇的）。本句話中主語為I，句意:病人看完醫(yī)生就會感覺好很多，對此我感到驚奇，而不是我令別人驚奇。故將amazing改為amazed。三、2018年高考真題1.【2018·江蘇】34. Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is _ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.A. keen B. reluctantC. anxious D. ready【答案】B【解析】考查形容詞詞義辨析及語境理解。句意：盡管旅館服務(wù)不好，經(jīng)理還不愿投入為員工提供足夠的培訓(xùn)。A. keen敏銳的；B. reluctant不情愿的；C. anxious渴望的；D. ready準備好的。故選B。點睛：本題側(cè)重考查在特定的語境中辨析形容詞詞義的能力。因此，考生必須充分利用這一特定語境。同時，考生應(yīng)注意多積累由形容詞組成的固定短語。本題中4個選擇項中都可以與to連用。be keen to渴望；be reluctant to不情愿做；be anxious to急于；be ready to樂意，再分析句意可以得出答案。2.【2018·新課標I卷·語法填空】According to a review of evidence in a medical journal, runners live three years 61 (long) than non-runners.【答案】 longer【解析】考查副詞的比較級。醫(yī)學(xué)報告顯示：經(jīng)常跑步的人比不跑步的人多活3年。根據(jù)than可知用比較級，故填longer。3.【2018·新課標I卷··短文改錯】I felt happily that their life had improved.【答案】happily改成happy 【解析】考查形容詞作表語。他們的生活有了很大提高，我感到很高興。此處形容詞作表語，故將happily改成happy。4.【2018·新課標II卷·語法填空】A taste for meat is _63_ (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.【答案】 actually【解析】考查副詞。句意：對肉的需求實際上是這種變化的背后原因。句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整，用副詞修飾句子。故填actually。4.【2018·新課標II卷·語法填空】According to the World Bank, China accounts for about 30 percent of total _67_ (globe)fertilizer consumption.【答案】 global【解析】句意：中國約占全球化肥總消費量的30%。fertilizer consumption是名詞短語，故應(yīng)該用形容詞修飾。故填global。5.【2018·新課標III卷·語法填空】He screams the_63_(loud)of all. The noise shakes the trees as the male beats his chest and charges toward me.【答案】 loudest【解析】考查最高級。根據(jù)后面的of all可知，他聲音最大，所以用最高級loudest。5.【201·浙江卷·語法填空】There could be an even 63 (high) cost on your health.【答案】higher【解析】考查形容詞比較級。此處修飾名詞cost用形容詞，由even表示程度修飾比較級，故填higher。三、2017年高考真題【2017·江蘇卷】29. Only five years after Steve Jobs death ,smart phones defeated _ PCs in sales.A. controversial B. contradictory C. confidential D. conventional 【答案】D考點：考查形容詞的辨析【2017·江蘇卷】34. The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents. But _ explanations are hard to find.A. alternative B. aggressive C. ambiguous D. apparent 【答案】A【解析】試題分析：考查形容詞的辨析。A. alternative可供替代的；B. aggressive好斗的，有進取心的；C. ambiguous 有野心的，耗時的；D. apparent顯而易見的。句意：恐龍的消失未必是由天體災(zāi)害引起的，但是也很難找到其它的解釋。故選A?？键c：考查形容詞的辨析【2017·天津卷】3. I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.Im sorry, but he is not _ at the moment, for the meeting hasnt ended.A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available【答案】D考點：考查形容詞?！久麕燑c睛】英語中形容詞的考查主要是考查形容詞的詞義辨析和對語境的理解。本句中的語境很明顯，根據(jù)空前的對不起和空后的原因的解釋，說明懷特先生沒有空，即現(xiàn)在很忙。