2019-2020年高三英語二輪 備考抓分點透析專題11 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣.doc

2019-2020年高三英語二輪 備考抓分點透析專題11 情態(tài)動詞和虛擬語氣【xx年高考命題預(yù)測】作為歷年高考必考語法點情態(tài)動詞依舊會是xx年高考的熱點。同學(xué)們首先應(yīng)該著重掌握情態(tài)動詞的基本用法，同時結(jié)合情態(tài)動詞的用法學(xué)習(xí)虛擬語氣?！靖攀觥壳閼B(tài)動詞也叫語氣動詞，有一定的詞義，但本身不表示行為或狀態(tài)，而只是表示說話人對所說動作的看法，認為它“可能”、“應(yīng)當”、“必要”等。情態(tài)動詞不能單獨作謂語動詞，只能和動詞原形一起構(gòu)成謂語動詞。英語里的情態(tài)動詞主要有：can(could), may(might), must, shall, will, would, need, dare, should, ought to。情態(tài)動詞在任何主語后沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化。除must, need, ought to外，其他情態(tài)動詞有表示過去時的形式變化：現(xiàn)在式過去式cancouldmaymightshallshouldwill woulddare dared【重難點突破】一、情態(tài)動詞 can 和could表示能力can 表示現(xiàn)在或未來的能力，could作為can的過去式，表示過去的“能力”Whales cannot live on land.鯨不能生活在陸地上。Before liberation few workers could support their families.解放前幾乎沒有工人能養(yǎng)得起家。* be able to 與can、could的異同：be able to 可用于多種時態(tài)，can和could只用于現(xiàn)在時和過去時。He will be able to go with us this afternoon.他今天下午能和我們一起去。 （一般將來時）I havent been able to see the difference yet.我還不能看出區(qū)別在哪。（現(xiàn)在完成時）He thought I would be able to do the work well.他認為我能把這項工作做好。（過去將來時）The sick man was soon able to stand up.病人很快能站立起來。（一般過去時）如果表示過去“能夠”、“做到”，“設(shè)法干成了某事”，常用was/were able to 來表達（相當于managed to do sth.或succeeded in doing sth.）,而不用could。We were able to get there before the meeting began.會前我們終于趕到那里。can間或可用于肯定句，表示理論上的可能性，表示籠統(tǒng)的時間，事物的特征Anybody who wants to try can be successful.只要想試，任何人都可能成功。Scotland can be very warm in September.九月份蘇格蘭會很暖和。（2）、表示許可和請求在日常生活中，can可以代替may,表示“允許”；could 可以代替can用來表示現(xiàn)在時間的動作，但語氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)，表請求。Can/Could I use your pen? 我可以用一下你的鋼筆嗎？（表請求）(could 比can更客氣，語氣更委婉)Yes, you can.( 回答時不能說成could)（3）、習(xí)慣短語：cannottoo越越好cannot but 不得不You cannot be too careful.你越仔細越好。I cannot but do so.我不得不這樣做。（4）、can 和could 后面接動詞的完成式，表示對過去情況的猜測或判斷。can常用于疑問句和否定句，而could能用于肯定句，表示一個非事實的或不可能實現(xiàn)的可能性。You were stupid to go skiing there. You could have broken your leg.去那里滑雪你真是太傻了，你會摔斷腿的。（實際上沒有摔斷腿）could have done本來能做而實際未做，表達遺憾的感情色彩-I stayed at a hotel while in New York.-Oh, did you? You could have stayed with Jane.在紐約期間，我無處安身，只好住在旅館里。嗷，是嗎？你本可以和珍妮住在一起。（表達遺憾的感情色彩） may 和might表示“允許”或“請求對方的允許”，might 比may 語氣更客氣、更委婉May/Might I take the book out of the room?我可以把這本書拿出房間嗎？（表請求允許）(might 比may更委婉，更客氣)表示“可能性”常用于肯定句和否定句，指說話人的猜測，認為某事或許可能發(fā)生。might并不表示某事過去可能發(fā)生，而是表示一種虛擬語氣，指把握性不大，句中可以用may代替，不過may 要比might所表示的可能性要大。He may/might e. Youd better stay here for a moment.他或許來，你最好在這兒等他一會兒。(I am not sure whether hell really e.)I may/might not be back for dinner.我可能不回來吃飯了。（Im not sure whether Ill be back.）用于祈使句，表“祝愿”May you both be happy！祝你們倆幸福！May you succeed！祝你成功！習(xí)慣搭配：may /might as well 還是的好You may as well give him the letter.你還是把信給他為好。I might as well stay at home tonight.我今晚還是呆在家里吧。在表示目的或讓步的狀語從句中構(gòu)成謂語Write to her at once so that she may know in time.馬上給她寫信使她及時知道。 must 表示“必須”、“一定”（現(xiàn)在和未來）We must finish this before he es.我們必須在他回來之前做完這件事。must 和have to：嚴格說來，這兩個詞是有區(qū)別的, must表示說話人主觀認為的“必須”，而have/has to表示客觀的需要，也可譯為“不得不”I really must stop smoking.我真的該戒煙了。（我認為應(yīng)該戒）I have to stop smoking.我得戒煙了。（可能醫(yī)生的要求或身體的客觀情況使我戒煙）have to 有時態(tài)和人稱的變化，而must沒有I had to write some letters last night.我昨晚不得不寫些信。I will have to meet Mr. Edward at three oclock this afternoon.我必須今天下午三點鐘去會見愛德華先生。（將來時態(tài)）must not=mustnt 表示禁止，“不許”，“一定不能”do not have to =dont have to “不必”You dont have to go now.你不必現(xiàn)在就走。must 用于疑問句時，肯定回答用must, 否定回答用need not 或dont have/need toMust I hand in my paper now? 我必須現(xiàn)在交論文嗎？Yes, you must. (No, you neednt. 或No, you dont have to.)must用在反意疑問句中在反意疑問句中，附加部分要和陳述部分的情態(tài)動詞或主要動詞在意思上相呼應(yīng)，使用情況各有不同：當陳述部分中的must作“必須，一定要”講時，附加部分用mustnt 或neednt; 當must表推測，作“一定是，準是”講時，附加部分要根據(jù)must后的原形動詞選用相對應(yīng)的形式。He must work hard at English, mustnt he ?他必須努力學(xué)習(xí)英語，是吧？You must renew the book, neednt you?你必須續(xù)借這本書，對不對？He must be a teacher, isnt he ?他準是一名教師，是嗎？（不說mustnt）You must have studied English for many years, havent you?你想必學(xué)了多年英語，是嗎？（不說mustnt）He must have arrived here yesterday, didnt he?他想必昨天就到了這里，是嗎？（不說havent）must表示“偏偏”The car must break down just when we were about to start off.我們正要出發(fā)時偏偏車又壞了。4、need 和dare need 作情態(tài)動詞，表示“需要”，只用于否定句和疑問句中，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。We neednt go there tomorrow.我們不必明天去那里。Need I tell you all the details?我需要把一切詳情告訴你嗎？dare作情態(tài)動詞，通常用在否定句和疑問句中，無人稱和數(shù)的變化。I dare not stand on the chair.我不敢站在椅子上。How dare you say such a thing?你怎么敢說這種話？need 和dare 也可作行為動詞，與一般動詞的變化相同。作行為動詞（或?qū)嵙x動詞）時，need后面接“to + 動詞原形”。Do I need to tell you all the details?我需要把一切詳情告訴你嗎？You didnt need to e.你當時沒必要來。dare在肯定句中（I dare say除外）和疑問句中，后面都接“to +動詞原形”，在否定句中有時帶to, 有時不帶to, 如：She dares to go out alone at night.她晚上敢一人出去。He did not dare (to ) do so.他不敢這樣做。慣用語：I dare say 表示“我想”、“大概”。Theres something wrong with the radio, I dare say.收音機恐怕有點毛病。I dare say you are right.我想你是對的。 neednt + have +過去分詞表示過去本來不必做某事而實際上做了，“本不必做”You neednt have e.你本不必來。 (=You didnt have to e.) （事實上你來了）He neednt have waited for me.他本不必等我。（=He didnt have to wait for me.） (事實上他等我了)will 和would表意愿、決心在陳述句或在條件狀語從句中，will 和would用于任何人稱。I will finish my lesson even if I have to stay up all night.即使我整夜不睡覺我也一定要把功課做完。If you will allow me, Ill go with you.如果你愿意的話，我將跟你去。 would 可表示過去的習(xí)慣動作He would sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all.他有時候長時間地坐在那里，什么事都不做。Every morning I would go for a long walk.我每天早晨都會走很長的一段距離。 表示詢問對方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣埱?此時，would比will 的語氣更婉轉(zhuǎn)Will you please pass me the magazine?請你把雜志遞給我好嗎？Wont you e over? 請到這邊來好嗎？ would 與like連用，表請求、提議，比will更婉轉(zhuǎn)禮貌，這時would表示的是現(xiàn)在時間并非過去時Would you like to leave your telephone number?請留下你的電話號碼好嗎？ will 可以表示現(xiàn)在或當前的習(xí)慣性、經(jīng)常性、傾向性。常譯成“慣于”、“總是”No matter what you say, he will always argue with you.不管你說什么，他總是和你爭論。A wise man changes his mind, a fool never will.聰明人能隨機應(yīng)變，傻瓜是不會的。Water will boil at 100.水在攝氏100度時總是要沸騰的。shall用于第一、第三人稱疑問句，表示說話人征詢對方意見或請求指示W(wǎng)here shall I put my bag?我把包放在哪里好呢？Shall he e in or wait outside?讓他進來還是在外邊等著？用于第二、第三人稱，表示意愿、期望、允諾、命令、強制、警告、威脅等語氣You shall keep your room in order.你須保持房間整潔。（表命令）He shall be sorry for it one day, I tell you.有一天他會后悔的，我告訴你。（表警告）should表示責(zé)任、義務(wù)、建議、勸告，用于各人稱You should study every day.你們應(yīng)該每天學(xué)習(xí)。（表責(zé)任）You should always think of others before yourself.你應(yīng)當首先想到別人。（表勸告）表推測、可能，暗含很大的可能I think he should be home now.我想他現(xiàn)在應(yīng)該在家。 You should know his address.你應(yīng)該知道他的住址。should + have + 過去分詞 表過去本應(yīng)完成而未完成的動作shouldnt + have + 過去分詞表示過去發(fā)生了不應(yīng)發(fā)生的動作He should have arrived by this time.他本應(yīng)這個時候到了。（其實未到）用在why , how開頭的疑問句中或that 引導(dǎo)的從句中表達說話人感情色彩，表達意外和不滿，“竟，竟會”Im sorry that you should think so badly of me.你竟把我想得那么壞，我感到遺憾。用于if 引導(dǎo)的從句中，構(gòu)成虛擬語氣If he should drop in, give him my message.他如果來訪，就把我的條交給他。用于建議、命令等的從句中，構(gòu)成虛擬語氣We demanded that our wages should be raised.我們要求提高工資。在It is necessary/ important/strange that中：謂語動詞常用should + do, 或只用動詞原形，構(gòu)成虛擬語氣It is necessary that he should be sent there at once.派他馬上去那是必要的。 ought to ought to 和should差不多，都表“應(yīng)當”，在很多情況下可通用，但也有細微的差別：在表示因責(zé)任、義務(wù)等該做的事情時，常用ought to ，在表示某件事宜于做時，多用should.You are his father. You ought to take care of him.你是他父親，應(yīng)當管他。表推測，暗含很大的可能If we start now, we ought to be able to get there in time.如果我們現(xiàn)在動身，我們應(yīng)當能準時到達。 ought to + have +過去分詞表過去本應(yīng)做但實際上沒做的事oughtnt to + have +過去分詞表示過去本不該做但實際上做了事I ought to have written him a letter.我本應(yīng)給他寫封信。（實際上沒寫）I oughtnt to have written him a letter.我本不該給他寫信。 表示推測的情態(tài)動詞用法歸納： 肯定句中：must (一定)，may (可能)，might/could (也許，或許) 其語氣的肯定程度依次遞減。其中，might 和could并非過去時態(tài)，只是語氣較為委婉或可能性較小對當前行為、情況或狀態(tài)的推測：must /may /might /could + do/be He must/may/might/could be in the reading room. 他肯定/可能/也許在閱覽室里。對此時此刻正在進行的動作的推測：must /may/ might/ could + be doing 想必/可能正在He must /may/ might/ could be watching TV at this time.他此時一定/可能/或許在看電視。對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測：must /may /might /could + have +過去分詞 想必/可能已經(jīng)You look very tired. You must have stayed up last night.看上去你很疲勞，你昨晚一定熬夜了。You may have read about it in the papers.你可能在報上已讀到這件事了。過去的一段時間內(nèi)一直在進行的動作：must/may /might/ could + have + been +doing 想必/可能一直在He may have been waiting for us for an hour.他可能等我們一小時了。 否定句中：can/could not 不可能，想必不會may/might not 可能不對當前行為、情況或狀態(tài)的推測：can/could not +動詞原形不可能，想必不會may/might not +動詞原形可能不He may not be busy now.也許他現(xiàn)在不忙。He cant be in the reading room. I saw him on the playground just now.他不可能在閱覽室里，我剛看到他在操場上。對此時此刻正在進行的動作的推測：can/could not + be doing 不可能，想必不會在干某事may/might not + be doing 可能沒在干某事They cant be telling the truth.他們不可能在說真話。They may not be telling the truth.他們可能沒在說真話。對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測：can/could not + have +過去分詞 不可能，想必不會做過某事may/might not + have +過去分詞 可能沒干過某事He may not have achieved all his aims. But his effort is a good one.他可能沒達到他的全部目的，但他還是認真做了努力的。過去的一段時間內(nèi)一直在進行的動作：cant /couldnt/may not have been doingHe cant have been waiting for us so long.他不可能等我們那么長時間。疑問句中：常用can/could來表示說話人的猜疑、懷疑或不肯定的語氣對當前行為、情況或狀態(tài)的推測：can/could + 主語+ do/beWhere can he be now?他現(xiàn)在會在哪里呢？對此時此刻正在進行的動作的推測：can/could +主語+ be doingIts so late. Can Tom be reading?這么晚了，湯姆還在看書嗎？對過去發(fā)生的事情的推測：can/could +主語+have doneCan she have told a lie?她會不會說謊了？（xx遼寧卷）21If you _ go, at least wait until the storm is over【C】Acan Bmay Cmust Dwill（xx江西卷）23_ be the postman at the door, Its only sis oclock【B】Amustnt Bcant Cwont Dneednt（xx四川卷）20The police still have I found the lost child, but theyre doing about they 【A】Acan Bmay Cmust Dshould二、虛擬語氣1、虛擬語氣的重點是： 1）一些常見的虛擬語氣的句型或結(jié)構(gòu)。 2)虛擬語氣的特殊形式，即用來表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意愿等的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬形式。 3)主從句表示不同的時間概念、事實或假設(shè)情況，從而交錯成為復(fù)合虛擬語氣。 4)含蓄條件句中的虛擬語氣的表示愿望的虛擬形式。2、虛擬語氣的常見類型和句型 （1）由wish引起的表示愿望的虛擬語氣 A用wish表示對現(xiàn)在的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：過去式（be動詞用were）。 B用wish表示對將來的愿望時，它所引起的賓語從句中謂語動詞形式為：would, could, might+ 動詞原形。 Cwish用于對過去的事實表示一種不可能實現(xiàn)的愿望時，賓語從句中的謂語動詞形式為：had+動詞過去分詞或could, would + have +動詞過去分詞。 The picture exhibition bored me to death; I wish I had not gone to it.（2）would (had) rather, would as soon, would sooner和would prefer所引起的從句中要求用過去式表示當時或?qū)淼那闆r，用過去完成時表示過去的情況，表示希望或婉轉(zhuǎn)的責(zé)備。Id rather you posted the letter right away. 我倒希望你把這封信立刻寄出去。（3）由連接詞in case, so that ,unless, lest ,for fear that引起的狀語從句中，謂語動詞要用虛擬形式，即should(might, would)+動詞原形，She put a blanket over the baby for fear that he should catch cold. 她在那個嬰兒身上蓋上了毯子以免他著涼。 The bad man was put in the soft-padded cell lest he injure himself. (4) 虛擬語氣在條件句中的應(yīng)用表示與現(xiàn)在事實相反：If + 從句主語 + 動詞的過去式，主語+should/ would/ could/ might + 動詞原形（be 一般用were）表示與過去事實相反：If + 從句主語 + had + 過去分詞，主語+should/ would/ could/ might +have +過去分詞表示與將來事實可能相反： If + 從句主語 + 動詞的過去式，should +動詞原形，were to +動詞原形， 主語 + should/ would/ could/ might + 動詞原形If it had not been for his help(=but for his help),we would not have succeeded. (5) 虛擬語氣用于as if（though）引起的方式狀語從句和表語從句中，其動詞形式與wish賓語從句的形式相同。She often laughs spontaneously, and her good humor breaks out as brightly as if it were a part of the sunshine above.她常常發(fā)出發(fā)自內(nèi)心的微笑，而且她那美好的情緒像天上一道明亮的陽光一樣，常常流露出來。 They talked as if they had been friends for years.他們交談著，就好像他們是我年的老朋友一樣。 (6)其它各種句型, as though, suppose, had rather, supposing, if only等等 If I were in a movie, then it would be about time that I buried my head in my hands for a cry.二、特殊形式的虛擬語氣 虛擬語氣的特殊形式，即用來表示要求、建議、命令、提議、意愿等的主語從句、賓語從句、表語從句和同位語從句中的虛擬形式，其虛擬語氣的構(gòu)成往往是由should(可省略)+動詞原形that從句。 A、 用于表示意愿、建議、命令、提議、請求等動詞后的that賓語從句中，這類動詞有： ask要求 advise建議 arrange安排 beg請求 mand命令 decide決定 demand要求 desire渴望 determine決定 insist堅持 intend打算 maintain堅持主張 move建議，動員 propose提議 object反對 order命令 prefer建議 require 需要 request要求 resolve下決心 remend推薦 suggest建議 stipulate約定，規(guī)定 urge強調(diào)，促進 vote公認，提議 decree頒布（法令） pray請求 注意：這類動詞后面除了可接that虛擬句以外，也可以接doing或者to do來表達，一般情況下，意思沒有什么差別。 She advised that we should keep the gate locked.（書面體） She advised us to keep the gate locked.（口語） She advised keeping the gate locked.(較隨便) B、用于It is+形容詞或過去分詞+主語從句中，這類形容詞或分詞有： advisable合理的 decided決定的 crucial關(guān)鍵的 appropriate恰當?shù)?determined決定的 manded命令的 arranged安排的 essential緊要的，基本的 plied遵照 anxious焦急的 imperative迫切的 important重要的 desirable合意的 better較好的，更好 insistent堅持的 desired想要 asked請求 keen渴望的 incredible難以置信的 adamant堅定不移的 natural自然的 insisted堅持 necessary必要的 suggested建議 urgent緊迫的 ordered命令 shocked震驚的 vital極其重要的 possible可能的 strange 奇怪的 preferable （好一點） proposed提議 requested要求的 required要求的 remended推薦 resolved決定的 probable（可能的） pity可惜，憾事 shame遺憾 注意：這類形容詞后面除了可接that虛擬句以外，也可以forto do 來表達，一般情況下，意思沒有什么差別。 It is essential that he should be prepared for this. It is essential for him to be prepared for this. C用于由表示建議、要求、命令、請示等含義的名詞引導(dǎo)的表語從句和同位語從句中，這類名詞常見的有： advice忠告 decision決定 demand要求 desire要求、愿望 insistence堅持 motion提議 necessity必要性 order命令 preference偏愛 proposal提議 pray懇求 remendation推薦 request要求 requirement要求 resolution決心 suggestion勸告、忠告 This is their resolution that extra-curriculum activities be made part of their school life.這是他們的決議：要使得課外活動成為他們學(xué)校生活的一部分。 The motion that the remark of the last speaker be expunged from the record.該提議要求把最后一個發(fā)言的人的講話從記錄上除掉。 三、混合虛擬語氣 有時主句和從句的謂語動詞指不同的時間，這時需要用混合虛擬語氣。一般來說，在這種情況下，主從句謂語動詞指代的時間不同，所以我們又可以錯綜時間條件句，在這種虛擬情況，動詞形式應(yīng)根據(jù)實際情況靈活使用，在做這些題目時候尤其要注意每道題目的提示語：時間狀語。絕大多數(shù)情況下，從句或者主句都有相關(guān)的時間狀語，這是我解題的關(guān)鍵。 If you that late movie last night, you wouldnt be so sleepy. A. havent watched B. didnt watch C. hadnt watched D. wouldnt have watched 答案選C。 Many dead would now be alive if they have not attempted to return for something. Had Paul received six more votes in the last election, he would be our chairman now. 混合虛擬語氣還有一種情況就是事實和虛擬假設(shè)的混合句，這樣的句子不僅僅是時間的不同，而重要是事實和假設(shè)的混合。 I would have gone to visit him in the hospital had it been at all possible, but I was fully occupied the whole of last week. 該句前半部分是假設(shè)虛擬，而后半部分是事實的陳述。 Your math instructor would have been happy to give you a make-up examination had you gone and explained that your parents were ill at the time. 該句前半句用的是假設(shè)虛擬，后半句主句也用的是假設(shè)虛擬（如果你去并且解釋的話），但是后半句的從句用的是事實語氣，因為“父母病了”是客觀事實，故不需要用虛擬形式had been。 四、含蓄虛擬條件句 含蓄條件句是指句中沒有明顯的虛擬條件句，而是利用其他手段來暗示存在虛擬條件。但是這類隱含式虛擬條件句往往都可以轉(zhuǎn)化為if引導(dǎo)的條件句。常來表示含蓄虛擬條件的手段有： （1）介詞或介詞短語，如but for, but that, without, in case of, under more favorable condition等。 the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today.=If there hadnt been the leadership of the party, we could not be living a happy today. A. In spite of B. But for C. Because of D. As for 答案選B。 But that she was afraid, she would have said no. (2)連詞，如：so that, unless, in case, supposing, lest, provided(倘若)，for fear that(唯恐)，in order that, on condition that, if only(要是就好了)等。 She listened carefully in order that she might discover exactly what he wanted.=if she listened carefully ,she might discover exactly what he wanted. If only I had more money, I could buy a car. (注：lest, for fear that 和 in case 引起的從句中謂語動詞多用should+動詞原形，但可以不用虛擬語氣，而用動詞的陳述語氣形式。)例如： The foreign teacher spoke slowly in case we misunderstood him. 這位外籍教師說得很慢以免我們聽不懂。 Care must be taken in using this method lest overflow should occur.在使用此法時要小心謹慎，以免會發(fā)生溢流現(xiàn)象。 （3）通過上下文及內(nèi)在含義，句中往往有but, otherwise, unfortunately等類似轉(zhuǎn)折詞。 I thought the children when we returned home, but they were still awake. A. were sleeping B. would be sleeping C. had been sleeping D. would sleep選擇 B。 (4)形容詞及其比較級 A more careful person would not have made so many mistakes. A less conscientious man wouldnt have tried so hard to get this job done. (5)分詞短語 Having known in time, we might have prevented the accident. Born ten days earlier, the boy could have seen his late father. (6)動詞不定式短語。一般intended/meant/hoped/wished/planned 或 was/were+不定式完成式或had intended/meant/planned/hoped/wished/+不定式一般式表示虛擬。 I intended I should call on you, but I was busy at that time. To hear him speak French, you would take him for an Englishman. 【高考真題剖析】（xx陜西卷）22I _ through that bitter period without your generous help Acouldnt have gone Bdidnt goCwouldnt go Dhadnt gone答案【A】本題考查虛擬語氣。因為有without your generous help 所以是暗含的虛擬語氣。（xx福建卷）34Pity you missed the lecture on nuclear pollution。I it, but I was busy preparing for a job interviewAattended Bhad attendedCwould attend Dwould have attended答案【D】本題考查虛擬語氣。由句中I was busy preparing for a job interview.可判定是與過去的事實相反，所以選擇D項。（xx全國新課標卷）32They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayedAwill Bcan Cmust Dshould答案【D】本題考查情態(tài)動詞should的用法。Should have done表示本應(yīng)該做而實際未做。Must have done 表示過去一定做了。（xx陜西卷）24Will you read me a story ,Mummy? -OKYou_ have one if you go to bed as soon as possibleAmight Bmust Ccould Dshall答案【D】本題考查情態(tài)動詞的基本用法。Shall用于第二、三人稱表示說話人“命令、允諾、警告等”語氣。【真題練習(xí)】（09安徽）1. Some people who dont like to talk much are not necessarily shy；they just be quiet people.A. must B. may C. should D. would【答案】B（09北京）2. One of the few things you _ say about English people with certainty is that they talk a lot about the weather.A. need B. must C. should D. can【答案】B（09福建）. But for the help of my English teacher, I the first prize in the English Writing petition.A. would not win B. would not have won C. would win D. would have won【答案】B 虛擬語氣。此處虛擬語氣表示與過去事實相反，句子謂語動詞用would/should/could/might + have done結(jié)構(gòu)，故選B。（09湖南）4. Its the office! So you know eating is not allowed here. Oh, sorry.A. must B. will C. may D. need【答案】A 句意為：這是辦公室！因此你必須知道吃的不允許帶到這里。must表示“絕不”的意思。（09海南）5. What do you mean, there are only ten tickets? There be twelveA. should B. would C. will D. shall【答案】A。 你這是什么意思，只有十張票嗎?應(yīng)該有十二人。should表示“應(yīng)該，應(yīng)當”。（09上海）6. It_ have been Tom that parked the car here, as he is the only one with a car.A. may B. can C. must D. should【答案】C （09四川）7. I dont care what people think.Well, you _A. could B. would C. should D. might【答案】C【解析】考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。答話的人提了一個建議你應(yīng)該關(guān)注別人對你的評價的。should可以用來向別人提建議，所以答案為：C（09天津）8. This printer is of good quality. If it _ break down within the first year, we would repair it at our expense.A. would B. should C. could D. might【答案】B（09重慶）9. Hi, Tom. AnyideawhereJaneis?She _intheclassroom. Isawhertherejustnow.A. shallbeB. shouldhavebeenC. mustbeD. mighthavebeen【答案】C（09全國2）10. I cant leave. She told me that I stay here until she es back.A. can B. must C. will D. may【答案】B（09江蘇）11. He did not regret saying what he did but felt that he it differently.A. could express B. would expressC. could have expressed D. must have expressed【答案】C（10安徽）32. Jack described his father, who _a brave boy many years ago, as a strongwilled manA. would be B. would have been C. must be D. must have been 答案：D. 考點：本題考查情態(tài)動詞推測用法。解析：句意為“杰克把他的父親描述為一個意志堅強的人，他的父親多年前肯定很勇敢?！庇胢ust have been表示對過去事情的肯定推測。（10湖南）23. You buy a gift, but you can if you want to.A. must B. mustnt C. have to D. dont have to 答案：D考點：情態(tài)動詞解析：dont have to 意為“沒有必要”，符合語境，句意為：“你沒有必要買禮物，但如果你想買的話，你也可以買?！保?0江西）23 I have told you the truth. _ I keep repeating it?A Must B Can C May D Will答案：A考點：考察情態(tài)動詞的用法。解析： must 必須, 一定 can 可以, 能夠 may 也許 will 意愿, 傾向性動作, 前半句說我告訴你事實了, 這里用的是現(xiàn)在完成時, 表示過去的動作對現(xiàn)在造成了影響, 既然我已經(jīng)說了, 我還必須重復(fù)一遍嗎？（10山東）25. I_ have watched that movie itll give me horrible dreams. A. shouldnt B. neednt C. couldnt D. mustnt答案：A考點：本題考查情態(tài)動詞的用法。解析：句意應(yīng)為“我本來不應(yīng)該看那部電影的-它會使我做噩夢的?！北硎尽氨緛聿粦?yīng)該做而做了某事”用shouldnt have done, 所以A項正確。10天津）9. Mark have hurried. After driving at top speed, he arrived half an hour early.A. neednt B. wouldnt C. mustnt D. couldnt 答案：A. 考點：考查情態(tài)動詞。句意：邁克本來不必要那么忙的。這么高速駕駛之后，他早半個小時到達了。解析：根據(jù)后面的語境，提前半個小時到達，說明Mark本來不必那么匆忙，所以用neednt have done 結(jié)構(gòu)，表示“本來不必要做某事的而實際上做了”。（10四川）3. I take the book out?Im afraid not.A. Will B. May C.