2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專題8 動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài) 新人教版.doc

2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第二部分 語法專題8 動詞的時態(tài)與語態(tài) 新人教版.單句語法填空1(xx北京，22改編)Did you enjoy the party？Yes，We_(treat) well by our hosts.答案：were treated根據(jù)上下文，這里談的是舉行過的一次聚會，應(yīng)該用過去時，并且“我們”是被主人招待的，所以需用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。句意：你喜歡這個聚會嗎？是的，我們的主人很好地招待了我們。2(xx北京，26改編)In the last few years，China_(make) great achievements in environmental protection.答案：has made時間狀語in/over the last few years通常與現(xiàn)在完成時連用。句意：在過去的幾年中，中國在環(huán)境保護(hù)方面取得了巨大成就。3(xx北京，30改編)Dr.Jackson is not in his office at the moment.All right.I_(call) him later.答案：will call據(jù)第一句的時態(tài)判斷，Dr. Jackson目前不在辦公室，所以打電話是將來的事。句意：Dr. Jackson現(xiàn)在不在辦公室。好的，我待會再給他打。4(xx天津，6改編)Jane cant attend the meeting at 3 oclock this afternoon because she_(teach) a class at that time.答案：will be teaching根據(jù)題干時間狀語3 oclock this afternoon的提示可知，動作發(fā)生時間為將來；而句尾的at that time為一個特定的時間點，因此，該題強(qiáng)調(diào)在將來的大時間背景下的某一個特定時間點發(fā)生的事，故用將來進(jìn)行時。5(xx天津，9改編)Despite the previous rounds of talks，no agreement_(reach) so far by the two sides.答案：has been reached本句中的時間狀語so far表示“到目前為止”，為現(xiàn)在完成時的標(biāo)志詞。reach no agreement短語中no agreement作主語，reach要用被動，故結(jié)合時態(tài)可知填has been reached。6(xx陜西，22改編)Marty _(work) really hard on his book and he thinks hell have finished it by Friday.答案：has been working由后文提示hell have finished it by Friday可知，work動作發(fā)生在過去，延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行，故要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)。句意：馬蒂一直在非常認(rèn)真地寫書，他認(rèn)為他在周五前將會完成。7(xx安徽，24改編)Just as I got to the school gate，I realized I _(leave) my book in the cafe.答案：had left“我把書忘在了咖啡館”發(fā)生在“我意識到這件事”之前，而“我意識到”是發(fā)生在過去的一個動作，故“忘記”應(yīng)用過去完成時。8(xx安徽，29改編)It is reported that a space station _(build) on the moon in years to e.答案：will be built時間狀語in years to e(在將來的幾年里)，故主語從句的時態(tài)用一般將來時；太空站是被建造，用被動語態(tài)。9(xx浙江，8改編)Albert Einstein was born in 1879.As a child，few people guessed that he _(be) a famous scientist whose theories would change the world.答案：would be主句時態(tài)是過去時，從句動作在過去的時間上看是將來的事情，故用過去將來時。10(xx湖南，22改編)As you go through this book, you _(find) that each of the millions of people who lived through World War had a different experience.答案：will find一般將來時表示將要發(fā)生的動作或情況。在一般將來時的句子中，有時會出現(xiàn)表示將來時的時間狀語，若不出現(xiàn)時間狀語，要從意思上判斷是否指未來的動作或情況。句意：當(dāng)你通讀這本書的時候，你將會發(fā)現(xiàn)數(shù)百萬的經(jīng)歷過二戰(zhàn)的每個人都有不同的經(jīng)歷。11(xx湖南，28改編)He must have sensed that I _(look)at him. He suddenly glanced at me and said quietly，“Why are you staring at me like that？”答案：was looking題干中沒有出現(xiàn)具體的時間狀語，可以從意義上去把握。此句在意義上應(yīng)該用進(jìn)行時，又根據(jù)此句中的must have sensed和glanced at可知是過去進(jìn)行時。句意：他一定感覺到我在看著他。他突然看向我然后輕聲問道：“你為什么一直那樣盯著我看？”12(xx湖南，32改編)I had a strong desire to reach in and play with the toy，but_(hold)back thankfully by the shop window.答案：was held被動語態(tài)由“助動詞be及物動詞的過去分詞”構(gòu)成。被動語態(tài)的時態(tài)變化只改變be的形式，過去分詞部分不變。hold back阻隔，隱瞞。句意：我非常想進(jìn)去玩玩具，但是我幸好被櫥窗阻隔了。根據(jù)句意，此句含有被動語態(tài)在里面，hold back要用被動語態(tài)。13(xx四川，4改編)More expressways_(build) in Sichuan soon to promote the local economy.答案：will be built根據(jù)題干中的時間狀語soon可知，用將來時。expressways與build為被動關(guān)系，用被動語態(tài)。句意：四川不久將建設(shè)更多的高速公路以促進(jìn)當(dāng)?shù)亟?jīng)濟(jì)的發(fā)展。14(xx重慶，1改編)Is Peter ing？No，he _(change) his mind after a phone call at the last minute.答案：changed句意：Peter來嗎？沒有，剛才接到一個電話后改變主意了。根據(jù)at the last minute發(fā)生在過去，故用一般過去時。15(xx重慶，13改編)In my hometown，there is always a harvest supper for the farmers after all the wheat _(be) cut.答案：has been表示動作已經(jīng)發(fā)生或完成用現(xiàn)在完成時。句意：在我的家鄉(xiāng)，收麥過后農(nóng)民會舉行一個豐收晚宴。16(xx福建，26改編)To my delight，I _(choose) from hundreds of applicants to attend the opening ceremony.答案：was chosen主語I與choose之間為動賓關(guān)系；再由語境可知，choose的動作已經(jīng)完成，故要用一般過去時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。句意：令我高興的是，我被從數(shù)百名參與者中選中參加開幕式。17(xx福建，30改編)Where is Peter？I cant find him anywhere.He went to the library after breakfast and _(write) his essay there ever since.答案：has been writing由句子中的時間狀語ever since可知，本句要用現(xiàn)在完成時態(tài)或者現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)。由語境可知，write動作現(xiàn)在還在進(jìn)行，要用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時態(tài)。句意：皮特呢？我到處找不到他。他早飯后去圖書館了。自那之后就一直在那兒寫文章。18(xx江蘇，30改編)The real reason why prices_(be), and still are，too high is plex, and no short discussion can satisfactorily explain this problem.答案：were根據(jù)語境，prices.still are，too high，推出前一空是想說明prices過去也高。故用過去式。該題中still是關(guān)鍵。句意：價格過去高，現(xiàn)在仍舊太高的原因很復(fù)雜，短暫的討論是不能令人滿意地解釋這個問題的。19(xx四川成都七中段考改編)The young firefighter insisted that he _(be) wellprepared and _(send) there to put out the fire.答案：was；(should) be sent句意為：那位年輕的消防員堅持說他準(zhǔn)備好了，并且堅持要去那里救火。當(dāng)insist意為“堅持說；堅持認(rèn)為”時用陳述語氣，故第一空填was；當(dāng)insist意為“堅持”時，從句謂語動詞用“(should)動詞原形”，又因為firefighter與send之間為被動關(guān)系，故填(should) be sent。20(xx浙江金華十校聯(lián)考改編)Many parents dont want to face it, but the world today is a lot different than it _(be) in their school days.答案：was句意為：(盡管)許多父母不愿意去面對，但今天的世界與他們在學(xué)校的歲月已大不相同。根據(jù)語境及時間狀語in their school days可知用一般過去時。.語法填空在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。Dad quit drinking exactly one year before I was born. He joined a group of other people. He said they _1_ (stop) drinking, too. I loved my dad _2_ I hated the way his weekly meetings took him away from me. It seemed that they were more important to him than I was. But with my birthday ing up I thought Dad _3_ (make) an exception. I begged him not to miss it but _4_ (refuse). He said, “I am chairing the meeting this Saturday. We _5_ (have) your party on Sunday. Why not e with me together tonight? Its an open meeting. All _6_ (be) wele.” I agreed. Maybe I needed to see why something Dad did every week mattered so much.After we arrived, Dad announced _7_ theme of the meeting was going to be gratitude. He told his story about giving up smoking. _8_ (late), a man called Dave also told his story. Only then did I know it was Dad that saved his life _9_ drinking. Showing up week after week and meeting with people, Dad _10_ (change) lives. Shame washed over me.1_2._3._4._5._6_7._8._9._10._答案：1had stoppedstop發(fā)生在過去動作said之前，故此處填had stopped。2but由loved與hated之間的對比判斷本空填轉(zhuǎn)折連詞but。3would make根據(jù)前面的ing up判斷，make是在過去看來將來要發(fā)生的動作，故填would make。4was refused句子的主語是I，與refuse之間是被動關(guān)系，故填was refused，構(gòu)成一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。5will have該句是直接引用的，根據(jù)this Saturday判斷，have是將來的動作，故填will have。6are句子一般現(xiàn)在時，all指代入，故填are。7the特指本次會議的主題，故theme前用定冠詞。8Later此處表示“稍后”意義，作狀語，故填副詞Later。9fromsave.from.“從拯救”，是固定搭配。10was changing此處表示一個逐漸變化的過程，故用進(jìn)行時，所以本空填was changing。.單句改錯1(xx云南師大附中適應(yīng)性月考).took him to US, where he introduced to the Internet.答案：introduced前加washe與introduce是被動關(guān)系，句子應(yīng)用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)，故加上was。2(xx河北唐山一中期中)Today is Sunday. At about 9：00A.m., I go to the bookstore with my friends.答案：go改為went由前面提供的時間狀語判斷句子用一般過去時，故改為went。3(xx河北唐山一中期中) Having been seen the film, everyone was deeply moved.答案：去掉been句子的主語即為非謂語動詞see的邏輯主語，二者之間是主動關(guān)系，故去掉been，成為現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。4(xx遼寧沈陽二中期中) Our city had changed a lot in the last 5 years.答案：had改為has由時間狀語in the past 5 years可知句子應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成時。5(xx遼寧沈陽二中期中) Many overpasses have set up, so it has bee very convenient for people to travel.答案：have后加beenoverpasses與動詞set up是被動關(guān)系表示“被建立”意義，故句子用現(xiàn)在完成時的被動語態(tài)。6(xx浙江重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體適應(yīng)性測試)In the past, teachers always keep on explaining the points in class.答案：keep改為kept由時間狀語in the past判斷句子用一般過去時，故改為過去式kept。7(xx浙江杭州一模)The river was so polluted that it was actually caught fire and burned.答案：去掉第二個wascatch fire沒有被動語態(tài)。8(xx吉林實驗中學(xué)三檢)Nowadays there was a kind of language called Web language.答案：was改為is根據(jù)時間狀語nowadays判斷句子用一般現(xiàn)在時。9(xx山西省太原一模) Last Friday our school was invited a foreign teacher in our city to give a class to the students of Senior Grade Two.答案：去掉was此處表示“我們學(xué)校邀請了”，our school與invite是主動關(guān)系，故去掉was，句子用一般過去時。10(xx山西省太原一模)Sometimes he repeated what we dont understand.答案：dont改為didnt根據(jù)主句時態(tài)判斷從句也用一般過去時。