甘肅省蘭州一中高三上學(xué)期期中考試 英語試題及答案

蘭州一中2015-2016-I學(xué)期高三年級(jí)期中考試試題 英 語說明：本試卷分第I卷（選擇題）和第II卷（非選擇題）兩部分，滿分120分。考試時(shí)間100分鐘。答案寫在答題卡上，交卷時(shí)只交答題卡。第一部分 閱讀理解（共兩節(jié)，滿分40分）第一節(jié) (共15小題；每小題2分，滿分30分) 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C和D)中, 選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 A According to the US government, wind farms off the Pacific coast could produce 900 gigawatts of electricity every year. Unfortunately, the water there is far too deep for even the tallest windmills to touch bottom. An experiment under way off the coast of Norway, however, could help put them anywhere. The project, called Hywind, is the worlds first large-scale deepwater wind turbine (渦輪發(fā)電機(jī)). Although it uses a fairly standard 152-ton, 2. 3-megawatt turbine, Hywind represents totally new technology. The turbine will be fixed 213 feet above the water on a floating spar, a technology Hywinds creator, the Norwegian company StatoilHydro, has developed recently. The steel spar, which is filled with stones and goes 328 feet below the sea surface, will be tied to the ocean floor by three cables ; these will keep the spar stable and prevent the turbine from moving up and down in the waves. Hywinds stability in the cold and rough sea would prove that even the deepest corners of the ocean are suitable for wind power. If all goes according to the plan, the turbine will start producing electricity six miles off the coast of southwestern Norway as early as September. To produce electricity on a large scale, a commercial wind farm will have to use bigger turbines than Hywind does, but its difficult enough to balance such a large turbine so high on a floating spar in the middle of the ocean. To make that turbine heavier, the whole spars center of gravity must be moved much closer to the oceans surface. To do that, the company plans to design a new kind of wind turbine, one whose gearbox (變速箱) sits at sea level rather than behind the blades. Hywind is a test run, but the benefits for perfecting floating wind-farm technology could be extremely large. Out at sea, the wind is often stronger and steadier than close to shore, where all existing offshore windmills are planted. Deep-sea farms are invisible from land, which helps overcome the windmill-as-eyesore objection. If the technology catches on, it will open up vast areas of the planets surface to one of the best low-carbon power sources available. 1. The Hywind project uses totally new technology to ensure the stability of . A. the cables which tie the spar to the ocean floor B. the spar which is floating in deep-sea water C. the blades driven by strong and steady sea wind D. the stones filled in the spar below the sea surface2. To balance a bigger turbine high on a floating spar, a new type of turbine is to be designed with its gearbox sitting . A. on the sea floorB. on the spar topC. at sea levelD. behind the blades3. Wide applications of deepwater wind power technology can . A. solve the technical problems of deepwater windmills B. make financial profits by producing more turbines C. settle the arguments about environmental problems D. explore low-carbon power resources available at sea B Mark and his brother Jason both were looking at the shining new computer enviously. Jason was determined not to go against their fathers wishes but Mark was more adventurous than his brother. He loved experimenting and his aim was to become a scientist like his father. “Dad will be really mad if he finds out youve been playing with his new computer.”Jason said，“He told us not to touch it.” “He wont find out，” Mark said，“Ill just have a quick look and shut it down.” Mark had been scolded before for touching his fathers equipment. But his curiosity was difficult to control and this new computer really puzzled him. It was a strangelooking machineone his dad had brought home from the laboratory where he worked.“Its an experimental model，” his father had explained，“so dont touch it under any circumstances.” But his fathers warning only served to make Mark more curious. Without any further thought，Mark turned on the power switch. The computer burst into life and seconds later，the screen turned into colors，shifting and changing and then two big white words appeared in the center of the screen：“SPACE TRANSPORTER.” “Yes！” Mark cried excitedly，“Its a computer game. I knew it！Dads only been pretending to work. Hes really been playing games instead.” A new message appeared on the screen：“ENTER NAMES VOYAGER 1：. VOYAGER 2：.” Marks fingers flew across the keyboard as he typed in both of their names. “INPUT ACCEPTED.START TRANSPORT PROGRAM. AUTORETRIEVE INITIATED(自動(dòng)回收程序已啟動(dòng))” The screen turned even brighter and a noise suddenly rose in volume. “I think wed better shut it off，Mark，” Jason yelled，reaching for the power switch. He was really frightened. But his hand never reached the switch. A single beam of dazzling white light burst out of the computer screen，wrapping the boys in its glow(光芒)，until they themselves seemed to be glowing. Then it died down just as suddenly as it had burst into life. And the boys were no longer there. On the screen，the letters changed. “TRANSPORT SUCCESSFUL.DESTINATION: MARS.RETRIEVE DATE：2025.”4Why did Mark touch the computer against his fathers warning? AHe wanted to take a voyage. BHe wanted to practice his skill. CHe was so much attracted by it. DHe was eager to do an experiment.5Where did the boys father most likely work? AIn an electronic factory. BIn a computer company. CIn a scientific research center. DIn an information processing center.6Mark thought “SPACE TRANSPORTER” on the screen was the name of _. Aa computer game Ba company website Ca software producer Dan astronomy program7Why did Jason want to shut off the computer? AHe was afraid of being scolded. BHe didnt like the loud noise and light. CHe didnt want to play games any more. DHe was afraid something dangerous might happen. C Researchers from France and Italy discovered that Canadian parents are less strict with their children than mothers and fathers in France and Italy. “Our most important finding was the difference between Canadians and the others，” said Professor Michel Claes，the lead author of the study.“Canadians focus on independence and negotiation. On the other hand，Italians，for example，exercise more control. We found Canadians seem to focus on negotiation in case of a conflict.” Claes said Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy were selected for the study because they share important cultural and social factors.“We chose FrenchCanadians because they share the same language as France，and originally came from France and share certain values. Italy was included because it was considered to have similar，strong and important family values，” he explained. The researchers examined the emotional ties between parents and their children by questioning 1,256 students aged 11 to 19 years old. Canadian students reported less control and more free actions，according to the study. Italian parents were stricter and French parents were somewhere in the middle.Claes explains that the differences lie in education in Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy. “North America has its own educational values，which promote individualization. Tolerance and comprehension are encouraged. Italy，on the other hand，promotes respect of authority，control，and the need for permission.” he said.Children from all three countries described their mothers as warm and communicative. Italian and Canadian children had similar feelings about their fathers，and reported high levels of emotional ties. But French fathers were generally thought by their children to be more distant and cold. “We were surprised by this，” Claes admitted.“It seems as though the relationships between French mothers and their children were becoming closer over time，while fathers maintain a form of distance and coldness，which is more of a source of conflict in France than in the other countries.”8Professor Michel Claes believes that Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy _. Ahave the same family spirit Bhave some similar cultural traditions Chave experienced some similar social changes Dhave experienced similar cultural developments9How did the researchers carry out the study ? ABy collecting answers of parents from Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy. BBy collecting answers of children from Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy. CBy questioning parents and their children from Italian Canadian families. DBy questioning children from FrenchCanadian families.10. According to Michel Claes，what mainly leads to the differences in parentchildren relationships among Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy? AEducational opportunities. BTraditional ideas. CEducational values. DHistorical events.11Which of the following is NOT a finding of the study? AFrench children have troubled relationships with their parents. BCanadian children have close relationships with their parents. CItalian children have good relationships with their parents. DKids from Canada，F(xiàn)rance and Italy have closer ties with their moms. D An idea that started in Seattles public library has spread throughout America and beyond. The concept is simple: help to build a sense of community in a city by getting everyone to read the same book at the same time. In addition to encouraging reading as a pursuit (追求) to be enjoyed by all, the program allows strangers to communicate by discussing the book on the bus, as well as promoting reading as an experience to be shared in families and schools. The idea came from Seattle librarian Nancy Pearl who launched (發(fā)起）the "If All of Seattle Read the Same Book " project in 1998. Her original program used author visits, study guides and book discussion groups to bring people together with a book, but the idea has since expanded to many other American cities, and even to Hong Kong. In Chicago, the mayor appeared on television to announce the choice of To Kill a Mockingbird as the first book in the "One Book, One Chicago" program. As a result, reading clubs and neighborhood groups sprang up around the city. Across the US, stories emerged of parents and children reading to each other at night and strangers chatting away on the bus about plot and character. The only problem arose in New York ,where local readers could not decide on one book to represent the huge and diverse population. This may show that the idea works best in medium-sized cities or large towns, where a greater sense of unity(一致）can be achieved .Or it may show that New Yorkers rather missed the point ,putting all their energy and passion into the choice of the book rather than discussion about a book itself. Ultinatelas Nancy points out, the level of success is not measured by how many people read a book, but by how many people are enriched by the process, or have enjoyed speaking to someone with whom they would not otherwise have shared a word.12. What is the purpose of the project launched by Nancy? A. To invite authors to guide readers. B. To encourage people to read and share. C. To involve people in community service. D. To promote the friendship between cities.13. Why was it difficult for New Yorkers to carry out the project? A .They had little interest in reading. B. They were too busy to read a book. C. They came from many different backgrounds D. They lacked support from the local government14. According to the passage, where would the project be more easily carried out? A. In large communities with little sense of unity B. In large cities where libraries are far from home C. In medium-sized cities with a diverse population D. In large towns where agreement can be quickly reached15. According toNancy, the degree of students of the project is judged byA.the careful selection of a proper book B.the growing popularity of the writers C. the number of people who benefit from reading. D. the number of books that each person reads.第二節(jié) 七選五填空 (共5小題；每小題2分，滿分10分)根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從短文后的選項(xiàng)中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。選項(xiàng)中有兩項(xiàng)為多余選項(xiàng)。 Youre probably most familiar with college dictionaries, often called abridged dictionaries. Although abridged means shortened, these dictionaries contain more than 150,000 entries and provide detailed definitions that are sufficient for most college students and general users. 16._.Websters New Riverside University Dictionary and the American Heritage Dictionary of the English Language are college dictionaries. Unabridged dictionaries contain as many as 500,000 entries and provide detailed definitions and extensive word histories (etymologies詞源). 17._. Unabridged dictionaries include the Oxford English Dictionary and the Random House Dictionary of the English Language. 18._. Some entries also include plurals and capitalized forms, synonyms,antonyms, and derivatives. Americanisms and etymologies may be provided along with usage notes, cross-references, and idioms. If you prefer using the dictionary on a computer, you can obtain CD-ROM versions of many major dictionaries. In addition, you can access numerous dictionaries, such as WWWebsters Dictionary, on the Internet. 19._. Online dictionaries also offer additional features, such as word games, language tips, and amusing facts about words. Some online dictionary services allow you to access numerous dictionaries, both general and specialized, in on search. 20._. For example, there are dictionaries for the specialized vocabularies of law, computer technology, and medicine. In addition, there are dictionaries of synonyms, cliches, slang, and even regional expressions, such as the Dictionary of American Regional English (DARE). There are also dictionaries of foreign languages, famous peoples names, literary characters names and place names.A. Specialized dictionaries provide in-depth information about a certain field.B. These dictionaries, possibly in several volumes and mostly found in libraries, are excellent sources for scholarly inquiries.C. But dictionaries these days do not judge how a word should be used. They simply describehow people use them, and Random House, for example, have free online services.D. Online dictionaries allow you to enter a search word to see a definition, and sometimes even an illustration.E. College dictionaries also contain separate lists of abbreviations, biographical andgeographical names, foreign words and phrases, and tables of measures.F. A dictionary entry has many elements: multiple definitions, syllabication, preferred spelling and pronunciation, and part-of-speech labels.G. Many of the 10,000 new words in the Eleventh Edition of the Collegiate Dictionary involve computers.第二部分 英語知識(shí)運(yùn)用（共兩節(jié)，滿分45分）第一節(jié) 完形填空（共20小題；每題1.5分，滿分30分） 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)（A, B, C和D）中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Shirley Allen loved to sing and play the piano. She studied music in college and her 21 was to become a concert pianist or blues singer. Everything 22 when she was 20 years old. She became sick with what doctors 23 was typhoid fever(傷寒)and she almost died. Doctors gave her medicine to help her get well, but the medicine 24 her to become 25 deaf. She could no longer hear the music which she had always 26 . Shirley would never give up playing the piano, 27 she did decide to change 28 .She transferred to Gallaudet University and studied English .In 1964 Shirley graduated from Gallaudet and looked for 29 .She wanted to be 30 and work full time . For three years, Shirley worked as a clerk in Washington,D.C. 31 ,in 1967 she was asked to work at Gallaudet University as a dorm supervisor(宿舍監(jiān)管員).Shirley supervised young women who 32 in the university during the school year. She also taught English. Somehow she found time to 33 graduate school at Howard University in Washington,D.C. In 1972,Shirley received her M.A.degree. Always 34 a new challenge, in 1973 Shirley became a professor at National Technical Institute for the Deaf (NTID), which 35 deaf and hard-of-hearing students technical and professional training. This 36 woman became the first black deaf female in the world to receive her Ph.D. She made 37 in 1992, 38 she received the highest degree in education from the University of Rochester in New York. Dr.Shirley Jeanne Allen has traveled many roads and 39 many rainbows searching for her dream. With courage and 40 ,she never gave up. 21.A.job B. interest C. duty D. dream 22. A. disappeared B. changed C. stopped D. ended 23. A.said B. agreed C. found D. thought 24.A.allowed B. caused C. encouraged D. enabled 25.A.almost B. actually C. totally D. gradually 26.A. loved B. played C. performed D. remembered 27.A.and B. so C. but D. even if 28.A.career B. interest C. life D. attitude 29.A.information B. help C. an assistant D. a job 30.A.happy B. independent C. free D. confident 31.A.However B. Then C. Therefore D. Besides 32.A.worked B. studied C. lived D. played 33.A.attend B. observe C. describe D. advertise 34.A.interested in B. busy with C. concerned about D. ready for 35.A.teaches B. offers C. pays D. promises 36.A.amazing B. strict C. wealthy D. beautiful 37.A.progress B. excuses C. suggestions D. history 38.A.after B. while C. until D. when 39.A.found B. watched C. followed D. appreciated 40.A. intelligence B. determination C. strength D. pride第二節(jié) 語法填空（共10小題，每小題1分，滿分15分）閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容（1個(gè)單詞）或括號(hào)內(nèi)單詞的適當(dāng)形式。By 2050，F(xiàn)uturologists（未來學(xué)家） predict that life will probably be very different 41_ 2050. TV channels will have disappeared.42_, people will choose a program from a “menu” and a computer will send the program 43_(direct) to the television. Today, we can use the World Wide Web 44_read newspaper stories and see pictures on a computer thousands of kilometers away. By 2050, music, films, programs, newspapers,45_ books will come to us by computer.Cars will run on new, clean fuels and they will go very fast. Cars will have computers to control the speed and there wont 46_any accidents. Today, many cars have computers 47_tell drivers exactly where they are. By 2050, the computer will control the car and drive it to your destination. Space planes will take people halfway around the world 48_ 2 hours. Today, 49_United States Space Shuttle can go into space and 50_ on Earth again. By 2050, space planes will fly all over the world and people will fly from Los Angeles to Tokyo in just 2 hours.Robots will have 51_(place) people in factories. Many factories already use robots. Big companies prefer robotsthey dont ask for pay rises or go on strike, and they work 24 hours a 52_. By 2050, we will see robots everywherein factorie