（全國(guó)通用版）2019高考英語(yǔ)三輪沖刺提分練 語(yǔ)法練 第5練 形容詞和副詞.docx

第5練 形容詞和副詞基礎(chǔ)鞏固.單句語(yǔ)法填空1Thereweremanypeoplewaitingthere，andsomeofthemlookedanxiousand(disappoint)2Thearticlesareintendedforyoungerreaders，butadultswillfindthissite(suit) forthemaswell.3Almostallthefableshewrotearehumorousand(entertain)，appealingtopeopleofallages.4Doctorsuseittolearnmoreaboutunfamiliardiseasesandthe(late) medicaldevelopment.5Theboystoodupandacceptedtheprize，(surprise) butveryhappy.6Asthelastnamebecame(wide) accepted，thefirstletterwascapitalized.7Youhaventchangedatallyoustilllook(exact) thesameasbefore.8Thewomansmiledandnoddedtome，expressingherthanks(sincere) againandagain.9Factorieshavebecomecleaneras(strict) environmentpollutionlawshavebeenintroduced.10Sohismother，whowas(will) topayforhiseducation，broughthimhometolookafterthesheep.單句改錯(cuò)(每小題僅有1處錯(cuò)誤)11Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminuteslate，ourhousefelldown.12Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyandconvenience，regardlessoftimeandspace.13Unlucky，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakeeffectivelymeasurestocallforwastesorting.15Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidntrealwanttomakemoneybypainting.16Sheisverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduationearly.18IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingandmeaningless.19Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditveryinterested.20Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.技法總結(jié)在語(yǔ)法填空中1根據(jù)句子意思判斷空格處要填的詞在句子中作什么成分。下列情況常填形容詞：(1)用來(lái)修飾名詞；(2)位于系動(dòng)詞后作表語(yǔ)；(3)作賓補(bǔ)；(4)表示主語(yǔ)的狀態(tài)。如果用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞、形容詞、副詞或整個(gè)句子，則填副詞。2如果空格后有表示比較的提示詞than，則填形容詞或副詞的比較級(jí)；如果有表示比較范圍的in/of短語(yǔ)、定語(yǔ)從句，則填形容詞或副詞的最高級(jí)。另外，還要注意使用比較級(jí)的固定句式，如“the比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí)”等。在短文改錯(cuò)中?？疾樾稳菰~和副詞的誤用。1作表語(yǔ)時(shí)除了地點(diǎn)副詞外均用形容詞；作定語(yǔ)時(shí)，若前置則用形容詞，如果后置則可能用地點(diǎn)副詞或形容詞短語(yǔ)；作狀語(yǔ)時(shí)除了有少數(shù)幾個(gè)能表示主語(yǔ)情況的形容詞外，一般用副詞。2如果有“in范圍”或“of范圍”來(lái)限定范圍，要用最高級(jí)形式。3注意一些固定句型。如the比較級(jí)，the比較級(jí)； cant.more.等。4注意一些習(xí)慣用法，確定形容詞或副詞的形式。如whats more/worse，sooner or later等。能力提升.閱讀理解A(2018遼寧沈陽(yáng)質(zhì)監(jiān))Myfavoritebook，TheSecretbyRhondaByrne，talksaboutaformulacalled“SFF”whichstandsfor“stoppingfindingfaults”Iusedtobeacriticalpersonandtriedtofindfaults.IguessIsomehowinheritedthischaracterfrommyfather.Actuallymanygoodqualitiesofmyfatherareworthadmiringexceptthis.Myfatheristhepersonwhoconstantlylooksformistakesinotherpeopleandhethinksnooneisperfectintheworld.Hischaractercreatedanegativeatmosphereinmyfamily.Iwasthesameasmyfather，soIoftenfeltangry，disappointed，depressed，andlonelyinschool.AfterIhadreadmyfavoritebookIbegantoseek“goodthings”inotherpeople.Ithascompletelyalteredmylife.NowIfeelhappier，Ihavemorefriends，Ihavemoretrustinpeople，andIrealizeeveryonehastheirownstrength! AnotherimportantlessonIgotfromthisbookisthatIshouldalwaysbehavemyselfinapositivemanner.Letsadmitthatwesometimescomplainaboutoursituation.Thatsnotgood.“Believeitornot，peopledontliketolistentonegativeopinions.”O(jiān)nemorevaluablelessonIgotfromthebookisthatIshouldbeagoodlistener.WhenIwasyounger，IonlywantedpeopletopaywholeattentiontomywordssothatIcouldshowthemhowimportantIwas.Iwasveryproudandwouldshowoffmyachievementsinschoolwithoutconsideringothersfeeling.Ihadveryfewfriendsandmostpeopleconsideredmeasan“arrogant”person.Now，Ifinditmucheasiertomakefriendsaftermakingsomechanges!21WhydoestheauthorlikethebookTheSecret?ABecausehesfoundthesecretofsuccessfromit.BBecausethebookuncoversthesecretsofhappiness.CBecauseheslearnthisfatherscharactersfromit.DBecauseithelpshimchangehisattitudetowardslife.22Whatdoyouknowabouttheauthorsfather?AHemakeshissonfeelangryanddisappointed.BHelikesfindingfaultswithpeoplearoundhim.CHeseemsacriticalpersonbutinfacteasygoing.DHecancreateanegativeatmospherewhennecessary.23Theunderlinedword“arrogant”probablymeans“”AselfimportantBadmirableCtroublesomeDcoldblooded24Whatistheauthorspurposeinwritingthetext?ATopersuadereaderstobegoodlisteners.BTosharehispainfulchangingexperience.CTotellreaderstheinfluenceofabookonhim.DToshowtheresultofhisfathersnegativecharacter.B(2018黑龍江齊齊哈爾二模)Theresearcherssayapersonlosestwomonthsforeverykilogramoverweighttheyareandsevenyearsforsmokingapacketofcigarettesaday.Unusually，theEdinburghUniversityteamfoundtheiranswersbyanalysingdifferencesinpeoplesgeneticcodeorDNA.Finallytheythinkitwillshownewwaysofhelpingustolivelonger.Thegroupusedthegeneticcodeofmorethan600,000peoplewhoaretakingpartinanaturalexperiment.Ifsomeonesmokes，drinks，dropsoutofschoolandisoverweight，itcanbedifficulttoidentifytheimpactofonespecificunhealthybehavior.Instead，theresearchersturnedtothenaturalexperiment.Somepeoplecarrymutations(變異) intheirDNAthatincreaseappetite(食欲) ormakethemmorelikelytoputonweight，soresearcherswereabletocomparethoseprogrammedtoeatmorewiththosewhowerenot.TheresearchteamalsofoundspecificmutationsinhumanDNAthatalterlifespan(壽命)Mutationsinagene(asetofinstructionsinDNA) thatisinvolvedinrunningtheimmunesystemcouldaddsevenmonthsoflifeonaverage.Peoplewithamutationthatincreasedlevelsofbadcholesterolknockedeightmonthsofflifespan.AraremutationinageneAPOElinkedtodementiareducedlifespanby11months.Andonethatmadesmokingmoreappealingcutlivesbyfivemonths.DrJoshisaysthatwhilegenesdoinfluencelifespan，“youvegotevenmoreinfluence”throughthechoicesyoumake.DrJoshisaid，“Wehopetodiscovergenesaffectinglifespantogiveusnewinformationaboutageingandconstructtreatmentforageing.”Therearealsosomediseasemutationsthatclearlyaffectlifespanandtodestructiveeffect，suchastheHuntingtonsgene.PeoplewithHuntingtonsoftendieintheir20s.However，inordertofollowpeopleuntiltheendoftheirlives，manyofthepeoplestudiedwerebornbefore1940.25Whatisthemostdifficultfortheresearcherstofind?AThedifferencesinpeoplesgeneticcode.BThereasonswhypeopleputonweightveryeasily.CTheresultsofmanynaturalandmassiveexperiments.DOnebadbehaviourseffectonpeoplewithmanybadbehaviours.26Whichofthefollowingmutationsaffectslifespanmostgreatly?AOnelinkedtocontrollingimmunesystem.BOneincreasingunhealthycholesterol.COnecalledAPOEinvolvedindementia.DOnemakingsmokingmoreattractive.27WhatsthemeaningofDrJoshisstudy?ATohelpstopmutations.BTofinddiseasesearlier.CTomakepeoplelivelonger.DToreducetheeffectsofgenes.28Whydidresearchersmainlystudypeoplebornbefore1940?ATofollowthemuntiltheydie.BToeducatethemanextrayear.CToshowtheyaremoreimportant.DTomakethemlivehappier.完形填空Iwentwithsomecolleaguesfrommyofficeforadinnerinaverypopularlocalrestaurant.Itwas29businesstimeandtherestaurantwaspacked.We30foundatableinacornerforthreeofus.Assoonaswesatdown，weheardacrashwhenacleaningboy31thefloorwithalltheplateshewascarrying.Therewas32andnoonewassayingordoinganything.InaflashIrememberedmy33manyyearsago.Once，I34intheairportbecauseIhadrushedthereonmyownonanemptystomach.Iwaspickedupandtakencareofbytwo35.Nowthiswasmychanceto36itforward.Irantotheyoungmanssideimmediately，turnedhimonhisbackandscreamedforsomeoneto37ahotdrink.SoonpeoplestartedaskingifIwasadoctor.IsaidIwasnot，38Iwasskillfulatblackingout(暈厥)Thekidsoonopenedhiseyes，39whathadhappened.I40himbysayingitwasOKandIhadhada41experience.Hehadnoteatenanything.Iheldthe29A.peakBlocalCspareDregular30A.actuallyBfinallyCeagerlyDgradually31A.kickedBtouchedChitDswept32A.silenceBdangerCdoubtDtension33A.adventureBflightCexperienceDlesson34A.showedupBwalkedaroundCsettleddownDpassedout35A.friendsBstrangersCcolleaguesDrelatives36A.payBreturnCtakeDput37A.orderBbuyCserveDbring38A.andBsoCbecauseDbut39A.knowingBwonderingCignoringDarguing40A.remindedBcomfortedCansweredDencouraged41A.memorableBpersonalCsimilarDcommon42drinktohismouthtillhefinisheditandsatwithhimtillhefeltOK.Bythenthe43hadarrived.Iaskedhertogivethekidsomethingtoeat.Iofferedtopay.Themanagerwaskindenoughtorefusethe44andagreedtomakesurethekidatebeforehewenthome.Bythetimeallthiswas45itwasgettinglateformycolleagues.Wehadnt46anythingyet，sotheydecidedtogohome.Islowlywalkedhome，nothungryanymore，feeling47fortheopportunityIpayforwardthe48Ihadreceivedmanyyearsago.42A.coolBrefreshingCsweetDwarm43A.customerBmanagerCwaitressDdoctor44A.paymentBrewardCsuggestionDsupport45A.upBawayCoverDbehind46A.preparedBdemandedCreceivedDordered47A.readyBanxiousCgratefulDcomfortable48A.kindnessBhonorCinspirationDservice答案解析.1.disappointed2.suitable3.entertaining4.latest5surprised6.widely7.exactly8.sincerely9.stricter10.unwilling.11.Iwasinthekitchenwithmychildrenwhenweheardanoise.Afewminutes，ourhousefelldown.12Inaddition，theInternetmakessurveyingandvotingeasyand，regardlessoftimeandspace.13.，ayearlater，shehadtogiveupherjobandreturntohercountrywithherparents.14Forthesereasons，thegovernmentshouldtakemeasurestocallforwastesorting.15Itremindsmeoftheoldmanwhodidntwanttomakemoneybypainting.16Sheisverysopopularintheschoolthatmanyteachersalsoliketointeractwithher.17HisgentlevoicedidwondersandIdecidedtostudyharderandcompletemygraduation.18IknowasanexcellentguideIshouldmakeyourjourneyinterestingand.19Havinglearnedthiscoursefortwomonths，Ifounditvery.20Ithoughtitalittlecomfortableforyoutoanswermewithoutsomanybooksinyourarms.語(yǔ)篇解讀作者原來(lái)是一個(gè)愛(ài)挑剔的、自以為是的人，但讀了秘密這本書(shū)后，改變了很多。21D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段中的“After I had read my favorite book I began to seek good things in other people.It has completely altered my life.Now I feel happier，I have more friends，I have more trust in people，and I realize everyone has their own strength！”可知，作者讀了這本書(shū)之后，對(duì)待生活的態(tài)度發(fā)生了改變，所以D正確。22B細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“My father is the person who constantly looks for mistakes in other people and he thinks no one is perfect in the world.”可知，作者的父親喜歡挑別人的毛病。23A詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“I was very proud and would show off my achievements in school without considering others feeling.”可知，作者驕傲自大，從不考慮別人的感受，這就是作者朋友很少的原因。故選A項(xiàng)。24C寫(xiě)作意圖題。通讀全文可知，作者因?yàn)樽x了一本書(shū)，由原來(lái)的自以為是、愛(ài)挑毛病，變得積極樂(lè)觀友好，所以本文是為了介紹書(shū)對(duì)作者的影響。故選C。25D推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“If someone smokes，drinks，drops out of school and is overweight，it can be difficult to identify the impact of one specific unhealthy behavior.”可知，很難確定某種特定的不良行為對(duì)有著許多不良行為的人產(chǎn)生的影響。故選D。26C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“A rare mutation in a geneAPOElinked to dementia reduced lifespan by 11 months.”可知，一種叫做APOE的基因?qū)勖挠绊懽畲蟆９蔬xC。27C目的意圖題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段中“We hope to discover genes affecting lifespan to give us new information about ageing and construct treatment for ageing.”可知，Joshi博士研究的目的是為了讓人們更長(zhǎng)壽。故選C。28A細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“However，in order to follow people until the end of their lives，many of the people studied were born before 1940.”可知，研究人員主要研究1940年前出生的人是為了追蹤他們直到他們?nèi)ナ?。故選A。.語(yǔ)篇解讀本文是一篇記敘文。作者和朋友去餐廳吃飯，突然打掃衛(wèi)生的男孩摔倒在地，作者立刻提供幫助。因?yàn)橹白髡邥灥沟臅r(shí)候，也有陌生人提供了幫助。所以作者想把這份善良傳遞下去。29Apeak高峰的；local當(dāng)?shù)氐?；spare空閑的；regular有規(guī)律的。根據(jù)后半句可知餐廳里非常擁擠，說(shuō)明是用餐的高峰期。故A項(xiàng)正確。30Bactually實(shí)際上；finally最終；eagerly急切地；gradually逐漸地。句意為：我們?nèi)齻€(gè)最終在角落里找到了一張桌子。故B項(xiàng)正確。31Ckick踢；touch觸摸；hit撞擊；sweep清掃。根據(jù)下文的描述可知，男孩倒在地上了，所以此處應(yīng)該是“撞擊地面”，故C項(xiàng)正確。32Asilence安靜；danger危險(xiǎn)；doubt懷疑；tension緊張。由后半句“no one was saying or doing anything”可知，此時(shí)一片寂靜，故A項(xiàng)正確。33Cadventure探險(xiǎn)；flight航班；experience經(jīng)驗(yàn)，經(jīng)歷；lesson教訓(xùn)?？吹竭@一幕，作者突然想起了很多年前的一次經(jīng)歷。根據(jù)下文描述可知，作者以前也暈倒過(guò)。故C項(xiàng)正確。34Dshow up出現(xiàn)；walk around四處走動(dòng)；settle down定居；pass out昏迷。根據(jù)下文可知作者餓著肚子匆忙前往機(jī)場(chǎng)，昏迷后受到陌生人的幫助。故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。35Bfriend朋友；stranger陌生人；colleague同事；relative親戚。這次作者想幫助這位陌生的打掃衛(wèi)生的男孩，是因?yàn)橹白髡呤艿侥吧说膸椭?，想把這份善良傳遞下去。故B項(xiàng)正確。36Apay償還；return返回；take帶走；put放置。作者想償還別人給他的幫助。文章最后一句中的pay forward也是提示。故A項(xiàng)正確。37Dorder命令，點(diǎn)(餐)，訂購(gòu)；buy購(gòu)買(mǎi)；serve服務(wù)；bring帶來(lái)，拿來(lái)。此處指大聲叫著讓人拿杯熱飲來(lái)。bring表示從遠(yuǎn)處把物品拿到近處。故D正確。38D句意為：我說(shuō)我不是醫(yī)生，但是在處理暈厥方面我很擅長(zhǎng)。前后句之間是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故D項(xiàng)正確。39Bknow知道；wonder想知道；ignore忽視；argue爭(zhēng)論。句意為：男孩睜開(kāi)眼睛，想知道發(fā)生了什么事情。故B項(xiàng)正確。40Bremind提醒；comfort安慰；answer回答；encourage鼓勵(lì)。句意為：我安慰他說(shuō)沒(méi)什么問(wèn)題，我也有過(guò)類(lèi)似的經(jīng)歷。故B項(xiàng)正確。41Cmemorable難忘的；personal私人的；similar類(lèi)似的；common普通的，常見(jiàn)的。參考上題解析。故C項(xiàng)正確。42D上文提到作者叫人拿來(lái)一杯熱飲，故此處應(yīng)為warm drink。故D項(xiàng)正確。43B根據(jù)下文“The manager was kind enough to.”可知，餐廳的經(jīng)理過(guò)來(lái)處理這件事情了。故B項(xiàng)正確。44Apayment付款；reward報(bào)酬；suggestion建議；support支持。由上文中的“I offered to pay.”可知，作者主動(dòng)提出付錢(qián)，但經(jīng)理拒絕了。故A項(xiàng)正確。45C作者處理好這一切以后，時(shí)間已經(jīng)很晚了。be over結(jié)束。故C項(xiàng)正確。46Dprepare準(zhǔn)備；demand要求；receive收到；order點(diǎn)(餐)，訂購(gòu)，命令。根據(jù)后半句“我們決定回家”可知，作者和同事并沒(méi)有在餐廳里點(diǎn)餐。故D項(xiàng)正確。47Cready準(zhǔn)備好的；anxious焦慮的；grateful感激的；comfortable舒服的。對(duì)于有這樣幫助他人的機(jī)會(huì)，作者心懷感激之情。故C項(xiàng)正確。48Akindness善良；honor榮耀；inspiration靈感；service服務(wù)。根據(jù)上文可知作者暈倒的時(shí)候也得到別人的幫助，現(xiàn)在我有機(jī)會(huì)幫助他人，把這份善良傳遞下去。故A項(xiàng)正確。