（江蘇專用）2020高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) Unit 2 The environment練習(xí)（含解析）牛津譯林版必修5.doc

必修五 Unit 2 The environment檢測評價(jià)A卷.單項(xiàng)填空1(2019無錫模擬)Where is Jimmy?Just now I saw him sitting under the tree, _ in his video games.Aabsorbed BabsorbingCto absorb Dabsorb解析：選A考查非謂語動詞。句意：“Jimmy在哪兒？”“我剛才看見他坐在樹下，沉醉于視頻游戲?！眀e absorbed in“專心于，沉醉于”，在句中作伴隨狀語，故選A項(xiàng)。2This policy, which used to be very successful, is a _， though it no longer meets the needs of the current situation.Asacred cow BPandoras boxCMickey Mouse course Dgood Samaritan解析：選A句意：這項(xiàng)過去非常成功的政策，盡管不再適應(yīng)現(xiàn)狀的需求，但仍然是不可動搖的。sacred cow“圣牛(印度教等的)；不可批評的人(思想或事物)”；Pandoras box“潘多拉盒子；災(zāi)難之源”；Mickey Mouse course“容易的課程”；good Samaritan“心地慈善的人，樂善好施的人”。3The new bridge under construction, _ twice as long as the old one, is due to be pleted next month.Ameasures BmeasuringCmeasured Dto measure解析：選B句意：正在建造的新橋下月將竣工，其長度是舊橋的兩倍。measure為不及物動詞，故用現(xiàn)在分詞measuring作定語，修飾bridge。4Teachers remend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety.Amustnt allow Bdo not allowCnot allow Dcouldnt allow解析：選C句意：老師建議父母出于安全考慮不要讓12歲以下的孩子騎自行車去上學(xué)。remend后面的賓語從句用虛擬語氣“(should)動詞原形”。5This picture was taken twenty years ago.I wonder if you can _ my younger brother.Afind out Bpick outClook out Dspeak out解析：選B考查動詞短語辨析。句意：這張照片是20年前照的，我不知道你能否認(rèn)出我弟弟。find out“查明；弄清(情況)”；pick out“辨別出；認(rèn)出來”；look out“當(dāng)心；留神”；speak out“公開地說出來(尤指冒險(xiǎn)表示抗議)”。B項(xiàng)符合句意。6(2019江蘇高考考前沖刺)This is the Human Resources Department, _ you made a good impression in your interview. Otherwise, you _ be here now.Awhich; arent Bwhere; wouldntCthat; wouldnt Din which; wont解析：選B第一空格前有逗號，是非限制性定語從句，不能用that，排除C項(xiàng)；從句不缺少主語或賓語，排除A項(xiàng)；先行詞指的是地點(diǎn)，in which在此相當(dāng)于where；由otherwise可知，第二空是與現(xiàn)在事實(shí)相反的虛擬語氣，故用wouldnt。7Not _ with the quality of your goods, I will certainly not advise others to buy them.Ato impress BimpressingChaving impressed Dimpressed解析：選D句意：對你們產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量印象不佳，我當(dāng)然不會建議其他人購買。impress sb.with sth.表示“某物給某人留下深刻印象”，I與impress之間是邏輯上的動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞短語作狀語。8Why does the lake smell terrible?Because large quantities of water _.Ahave polluted Bis being pollutedChas been polluted Dhave been polluted解析：選D答句句意：因?yàn)榇罅康乃急晃廴玖恕arge quantities of后接名詞，無論可數(shù)不可數(shù)，謂語動詞皆為復(fù)數(shù)。water和pollute之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以選D。9Dont worry. I am sure the doctor will be here in time.But what if he _？ Its going to rain and its getting dark.Awont e Bdoesnt eCisnt ing Dwouldnt e解析：選Bwhat if引導(dǎo)的是條件句，要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。如果出現(xiàn)在復(fù)合句中，條件句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)，主句用將來時(shí)。10When Jason failed to pay his bill, the network pany _ his Internet connection.Acut off Bcut backCcut short Dcut down解析：選A考查動詞短語辨析。句意：詹森沒有繳費(fèi)，網(wǎng)絡(luò)公司切斷了他的網(wǎng)絡(luò)連接。cut off“切斷”，符合句意。cut back“削減”；cut short“縮短”；cut down“削減；砍倒”。11Dad, why is it important to have friends?Whenever you have difficulties, friends are always there lending you their hands._.ANo problem BGot itCAll right DGood idea解析：選B句意：“爸爸，為什么有朋友很重要呢？”“無論什么時(shí)候你有困難，朋友總是在那兒向你提供幫助?！薄拔颐靼琢??！备鶕?jù)句意可知，應(yīng)填got it表示“明白了，懂了”。 no problem“沒問題”；all right“好吧”；good idea“好主意”。12Smiling, more often than not, is a good way to avoid any possible _ in our daily life.Aexplanation BdebateCfault Dconflict解析：選D句意：在我們?nèi)粘Ｉ钪?，微笑通常是一種能避免任何可能的沖突的好方式。explanation“解釋”；debate“辯論”；fault“錯誤”；conflict“沖突”。由句意可知選D。13(2019蘇北四市模擬)So large is the Pacific，_ 30% of the earths surface, that the energy generated by its warming is enough to touch off a series of weather changes.Acovered BcoveringChaving covered Dbeing covered解析：選B現(xiàn)在分詞短語作狀語，表示伴隨動作或狀態(tài)，其與句子主語the Pacific之間存在邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。14According to the report, people in the _ areas are rebuilding their homes and many roads _ to the area have been repaired.Aflooded; lead Bflooding; leadingCflooding; to lead Dflooded; leading解析：選D句意：據(jù)報(bào)道，洪災(zāi)區(qū)的人們正在重建他們的家園，并且很多通往災(zāi)區(qū)的路也已經(jīng)修好了。flooded意為“被水淹的”；many roads和lead之間是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系，故用leading。15(2019江蘇常熟高三質(zhì)檢)There are now signs, following the decline in house prices in many small and mediumsized cities, _ house prices in major cities may also be set for a slide.Athat BwhereCwhich Dwhat解析：選A句意：現(xiàn)在有跡象表明，隨著許多中小城市房價(jià)下跌，各大城市的房價(jià)也可能出現(xiàn)下滑。同位語從句，先行詞是signs(跡象)，從句中不缺少任何成分，所以用連接詞that引導(dǎo)該同位語從句，故選A。.完形填空(2020屆高三鎮(zhèn)江期末考試)A Letter from EarthDear Homo Sapiens，As you mark off another “Earth Day” in your calendars, _1_ that for at least 24 hours I remained in your thoughts, I wanted to remind you that I am sick.Im frightened that _2_ I cant soon receive the appropriate medicine and care I need, my illness will bee terminal _3_ all cures.So, I am asking for your help!Geologists (地質(zhì)學(xué)家) _4_ that I have been in _5_ for 4.5 billion years.Current estimates show that I have given a home to approximately 8.7 million different _6_.Currently over 7.4 billion of my inhabitants (居民) are one species _7_， you, or Homo Sapiens to be more precise.In millennia gone by, we lived in _8_ with one another.Your ancestors would take only what they needed from me and in return nurture and protect my fragile environment.Like a proud parent, I have watched in wonder as you _9_ in abilities and intellect.You have travelled to outer space, developed medical cures for the most troublesome illnesses, built great cities and _10_ technology .But at what cost?Did I do something to _11_ you? Was there a point in our mutual (相互的) history where you _12_ that we were no longer equals? Am I only now a modity to you? Why would you pollute my rivers and oceans? Why would you _13_ poisonous smokes into our environment, causing me to _14_？ Surely you would not do this intentionally; it would make no _15_.I dont wish to believe that you have bee increasingly _16_.I would like to think that you have _17_ lost your way, _18_ other species have before you.I have faith that like a _19_ teenager, you just need the opportunity to return home and visit for a while.Many of you have begun to recycle the waste you consume and look at _20_ methods of renewable energy.If you are not one of these people yet, then I would encourage you to be mindful of me.Your friend, alwaysEarth語篇解讀：本文是地球?qū)懡o人類的一封信。在信中，地球回憶了與人類和諧相處的歷史，訴說了人類對地球的破壞，同時(shí)提醒人類要善待地球，因?yàn)榈厍蚴前ㄈ祟愒趦?nèi)的所有物種共同的家園。1A.worried BcontentCshocked Danxious解析：選B句意：當(dāng)你們在日歷上再一次劃掉“世界地球日”，心滿意足于至少在這24小時(shí)內(nèi)曾將我掛念于心時(shí)，我想提醒你們，我病了。content意為“滿足的”。2A.when BthoughCif Dunless解析：選C句意：我現(xiàn)在萬分恐懼，如果我不能盡快得到所需的對癥醫(yī)療和護(hù)理，我將病入膏肓，無藥可醫(yī)。if意為“如果”。3A.within BagainstCunder Dbeyond解析：選D參見上題解析。beyond all cures在此意為“無藥可醫(yī)”。4A.count BwarnCdecide Destimate解析：選D句意：地質(zhì)學(xué)家估算，我已經(jīng)存在了45億年。estimate意為“估算”。5A.existence BplaceCcondition Ddanger解析：選A參見上題解析。in existence意為“存在”。6A.organizations BfriendsCspecies Dpioneers解析：選C句意：當(dāng)前估算表明我已經(jīng)是大約870萬不同物種的家園。species意為“物種”。7A.in particular Bby accidentCin control Dat present解析：選A句意：目前，我的居住者中有超過74億屬于某個特殊物種，那就是你們，或者更確切地說，是人類。in particular意為“尤其，特別”。8A.agreement BharmonyCparison Dline解析：選B由空處后一句可知，此處指彼此和諧共處。in harmony with意為“與協(xié)調(diào)，與和諧”。9A.evolved BbelievedCdecreased Dwithdrew解析：選A句意：像一個自豪的家長一樣，我一直驚奇地看著你們在能力和智力上逐步進(jìn)化。evolve意為“進(jìn)化，演變”。10A.understood BanalyzedCabandoned Dmastered解析：選D句意：你們已經(jīng)能夠遨游太空，研制出治療疑難雜癥的許多藥物，建成了大型都市并掌握了科技。master意為“精通，掌握”。11A.displease BsatisfyCexplore Dimprove解析：選A句意：我可曾做過任何令你們不快的事情嗎？displease意為“使不愉快”。12A.promised BdecidedCplained Dremembered解析：選B句意：我們共同的歷史中可曾出現(xiàn)過任何問題，讓你們覺得我們不再平等嗎？decide意為“決定”。13A.reason BdeliverCpump Dpersuade解析：選C由空后的“poisonous smokes”可知，此處選pump，表示“排放有毒氣體”。14A.break up Bheat upCe up Dwrap up解析：選B有毒氣體排放到空氣中，自然會導(dǎo)致地球溫度上升。15A.difference BprofitCsense Dprogress解析：選C句意：當(dāng)然，你們不會是有意為之的；這沒道理啊。make no sense為固定短語，意為“沒道理，講不通，毫無意義”。16A.greedy BdisappointedCrespectable Denvious解析：選A由一段人類的種種行為可知，此處表示人類已經(jīng)變得愈加貪婪。greedy意為“貪婪的，貪心的”。17A.permanently BlogicallyCtemporarily Dsurprisingly解析：選C句意：我愿意相信你們只是暫時(shí)迷失了方向，正如在你們之前出現(xiàn)的其他物種那樣。temporarily意為“臨時(shí)地”。18A.because BasCbut Dfor解析：選B參見上題解析。19A.confident BtroublesomeCmistaken Dshy解析：選B句意：我堅(jiān)信，你們就像問題少年，只是需要有一次回家探訪片刻的機(jī)會。troublesome意為“令人煩惱的，令人頭疼的”。20A.changeable BvalidCproductive Dalternative解析：選D句意：你們中有很多人已經(jīng)開始回收利用你們產(chǎn)生的廢棄物，并考慮用可再生能源替代的方法。alternative意為“可替代的”。.任務(wù)型閱讀(2020屆高三無錫模擬)People tend to blame the external (外部的) force when bad things happen and give themselves credit when good things occur.For example, if you passed an exam, the selfserving would lead you to believe that it was because you studied hard.If you failed, on the other hand, you might believe it was because the teacher did not explain the subject correctly, the classroom was too warm or your roommate kept you up all night before the exam.Social psychologists describe this phenomenon as selfserving bias (自利性偏差)A number of factors have been shown to influence the selfserving bias.Generally, older adults make the internal attribution, that is, credit themselves with their success.Men are more likely to make the external attribution, meaning they tend to blame the outside force for their failure.Often when a person is sad, this kind of bias may be opposite: they will attribute positive results to the outside help or even luck, and blame themselves when bad things happen.Experts suggest that while this bias is quite widespread in the Western culture including the US.and Canada, it tends to be much less frequent in the Eastern culture including China and Japan.Why? Individualist cultures such as the US.place greater stress on the personal achievement and selfrespect, so protecting the self from feelings of failure is more important.Collectivist cultures, on the other hand, are more likely to attribute the personal success to luck and failure to the lack of talent.However, there are some situations where the selfserving bias happens less often.Some research has found that people in close relationships, whether the romantic relationship or friendship, tend to be more modest.Your friends or your partner, in other words, would remind you when a bad situation might be partly because of your own doing.Although the bias can mean avoid the personal responsibility for ones action, in many cases, it is a defense mechanism that protects a persons selfrespect.By attributing positive events to personal characteristics, people get an increase in confidence.By blaming the outside force for failure, people make themselves believe they dont need to be responsible for the failure and thus protect their selfrespect.Another advantage of this bias is that it leads people to persevere even in the face of difficult situations.An unemployed worker may feel more motivated to keep looking for work if he attributes his unemployment to a weak economy, for example, rather than some personal failure.An athlete might feel more motivated to perform well if he believes that his failure during a previous event is the result of bad weather rather than a lack of skill.Selfserving BiasThe concept of the selfserving biasThe selfserving bias mirrors a mon phenomenon that people always attribute their success to the (1)_ reasons while failure to the objective ones.Factors (2)_ the selfserving biasThe selfserving bias is linked to (3)_ and gender (性別)The selfserving bias is also connected with ones (4)_For example, an unhappy person tends to blame himself when bad things happen.Different (5)_ backgrounds, whether individualist or collectivist, also have much to do with the selfserving bias.For example, when faced with failure, the former needs more (6)_ while the latter needs to bear appropriate (7)_The bias happens less (8)_ when people are in close relationships.Advantages of the selfserving biasThe bias helps in protecting a persons selfrespect by increasing his confidence and (9)_ him from the personal responsibility for the future.The bias provides people with essential (10)_， which helps them keep struggling.答案：1.subjective2.influencing/affecting/impacting3age4.mood/emotion(s)/feelings5.cultural6protection/encouragement(s)/fort(s)7responsibility8.often/frequently9.freeing10motivation檢測評價(jià)B卷閱讀理解AYuletide (圣誕節(jié)) Brunch With Dickens Thursday, December 8, 10：00 am1：00 pmJoin us for a special brunch featuring delicious foods free from much salt and fat, soft beverages, and a special appearance of Gerald Charles Dickens! Reservations and advance payment are required.30 per person.More information can be found by calling 8004483883.Yuletide Brunch With SantaDecember 17&18, 9：00 am2：00 pmSanta will appear in the morning. 35 per person. Children, ages 2 to 12, half off; children under 2 are free. Members receive 10% discount on parties of up to four. For reservations, call 3028884826. About Glass Matters Wine Seminar and TastingHosted by Riedel, the wine glass pany Wednesday, December 14, 6：30 pm7：30 pm，Brown Horticulture Learning CenterJoin us for a unique and fascinating wine seminar featuring Riedel crystal and delicious wine. Our speaker will demonstrate how the shape of the glass influences our enjoyment of the wine. Price includes parative tasting of four different wines and four crystal glasses from Riedels Veritas Collection to take home (a retail value of 138). The option to purchase more wine glasses sets at special pricing：80 per member；90 per nonmember. Purchase tickets online or by calling 8004843283. Tickets to this event include admission to Yuletide Jazz & Wine in the Galleries Reception Atrium on that evening.語篇解讀：本文是一篇應(yīng)用文。文章介紹了三個活動，在這些活動中，人們可以品嘗美食，與圣誕老人互動，品嘗美酒等。1How much would four adults pay for attending Yuletide Brunch With Santa?A31.5.B35.C126. D140.解析：選C數(shù)字計(jì)算題。根據(jù)“Yuletide Brunch With Santa”部分可知，該活動的門票價(jià)格是每人35美元，團(tuán)購人數(shù)達(dá)到4人時(shí)，可享受9折優(yōu)惠。因此，4個成年人需要支付126美元(35美元40.9)。2What can people do when attending About Glass Matters Wine Seminar and Tasting?AEnjoy the performance of Santa.BTaste all kinds of different wines.CAppreciate Gerald Charles Dickens.DLearn how glasses influence the taste of the wine.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)“About Glass Matters Wine Seminar and Tasting”部分中的“Our speaker will demonstrate how the shape of the glass influences our enjoyment of the wine.”可知，該活動的發(fā)言人會講解杯子的形狀怎樣影響了酒的風(fēng)味。BFirst of all, I believe that in order to get something we must be willing to give. And it works with love, too. The more of it you give away, the more you get it back from others. Secondly, I am convinced that love is not only a feeling, it is also an attitude. So, if you want to attract love into your life, you must be willing to think about it and wele it.Most people would not agree with me on that. They would say that they do think about it more than anything else. But what kind of state are you in when you think about it? Most ladies when they turn 2430 bee hopeless. They tell themselves and sometimes others that they are missing the chance and most probably will never get married. Their focus is in the wrong area. This only strengthens their disappointment and doubts.Thirdly, you have to learn how to love yourself. Too many people hate themselves. How can they expect that others will love them? You change the focus by looking at how wonderfully God made you. You are beautiful in his eyes and you must love yourself.Fourthly, love es when you learn how to forgive others. Do not keep hate in your heart for it will destroy your ability to receive and give love. Try to forgive the person or people who have offended (冒犯) you.Fifthly, do some love actions. Very often love is there, but you have to express it. Do something good for other people. Do something nice for the person whom you have warm feelings for. Do not rely only on thoughts and words. Move to actions and love will be there.So I do believe that thoughts on love can inspire you to have the most desirable quality of life in the world.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。生活中，每個人都想得到愛，但如何得到呢？對此，作者提出了五條建議。3What does the underlined word “that” in Paragraph 3 probably refer to?AGiving love much thought.BFeeling love in your heart.CGetting love sooner or later.DWeling any love ing to you.解析：選A代詞指代題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“you must be willing to think about it and wele it”和第三段第二句可猜測，此處that指多思考關(guān)于愛的問題，故選A項(xiàng)。4To get the love we desire, we should _.Aexpect others to love usBhelp those in needCnever offend othersDexpress love with actions解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段最后一句可知，要想獲得愛，我們必須用行動表達(dá)愛，故選D項(xiàng)。5Whats the purpose of the author in writing the text?ATo give some advice on how to get love.BTo explain the meaning of love.CTo stress the importance of love.DTo pare “give” with “receive”解析：選A寫作意圖題。通讀全文可知，作者主要提出了五條獲得愛的建議，幫助我們提高生活品質(zhì)，故選A項(xiàng)。CGoing GreenFor career changers thinking about growth and advancement potential, forget the bluecollar and whitecollar categories: Green is the way to go. According to Bracken Hendricks, a senior fellow at the Center for Global Progress, careers that promote environmental responsibility will bee main stream within a decade. “The growth in green careers will be like the Internet Boom, which not only created new jobs, but also had an influence on the overall economy，” he says.The increasing environmental problems and need for ecofriendly products and services are creating a new job section of greencollar jobs. Many countries of the world have realized the importance and need for energysaving products and services. It is expected that by 2025 about 25% of the jobs in developed countries will be of greencollar jobs. Doesnt the data look promising for the future?Greencollar jobs have bee a bright career chances for all. And jobs will pop up at every ine level, from environmental manager to gardener. For example, many countries including the United States have understood that fossil fuels have negative effect on the environment which can later bee a serious danger to mankind. As a result, possibilities are being explored to find alternatives to satisfy demands in a better way. The increasing demand of newer resources has been creating the need for experts and researchers who can find better ways to deal with the ongoing needs. In addition, in order to meet the increasing demands of environmentfriendly equipment, both green product designer and educated and trained workers are needed. Management of environmental organizations also demands a large number of environmental managers.Where can you find greencollar jobs? Internet is undoubtedly the best way to find information on almost any matter. Nowadays, different kinds of jobs are being posted online. Search through a couple of job websites to look for a bright future in energy conversion and recycling of waste management. Check regularly and find the right work for yourself. People who read newspapers can also find different kinds of greencollar jobs.語篇解讀：本文是一篇說明文。隨著各國環(huán)保意識的增強(qiáng)，勞動者行列又多了一個群體：greencollar worker(綠領(lǐng)工人)，文中列舉了其具體崗位，說明了其發(fā)展趨勢。6Why does Bracken Hendricks mention the Internet Boom in Paragraph 1?ATo explain the importance of technology.BTo provide evidence of his recent research.CTo indicate the bright future of green careers.DTo inform us of the way of finding greencollar jobs.解析：選C細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句，尤其是其中“The growth in green careers will be like the Internet Boom”可知環(huán)保類職業(yè)的增長會像互聯(lián)網(wǎng)的興旺一樣，因此答案選C。7Which of the following probably creates greencollar jobs?APromoting services.BTraining employees.CConsuming fossil fuels.DDeveloping new resources.解析：選D細(xì)節(jié)理解題。解答本題首先需理解greencollar jobs的定義，然后采用排除法，選項(xiàng)A、B、C創(chuàng)造的工作與綠領(lǐng)工作定義不符合。另外結(jié)合第二、三段的內(nèi)容也不難確定D為正確答案。8What is mainly talked about in Paragraph 3?AThe requirements for green employees.BThe development of the green industry.CThe econom