2020Unit 4 Pygmalion 單元測試人教版選修8重慶專用

2020學年人教版英語精品資料Unit 4 Pygmalion 單元測試（人教版選修8，重慶專用）(滿分：120分，時間：120分鐘)第一部分 英語知識運用 (共兩節(jié)，滿分45分)第一節(jié) 單項填空(共15小題；每小題1分，滿分15分)從A、B、C、D四個選項中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項。1When they got there, they found the people suffering the storm were_food and water supplies.Ain need of Bin praise ofCin honor of Din place of解析句意：他們到那兒時，發(fā)現(xiàn)遭受暴風雨的人們需要食物和水。in need of需要。答案A2If we all agree to make_with each other when we are in disputes, wars are forever gone and we are surely to live in peace. Aadjustment BcompromiseCpromise Dacquaintance解析句意：如果我們彼此之間做出妥協(xié)和讓步。make compromise with與妥協(xié)，符合句意。 答案B3Good technique in medicine means less pain and fewer deaths and, _it is our duty to master it.Aaltogether BotherwiseChowever Dtherefore解析 考查副詞辨析。altogether 總的說來； therefore因此； otherwise否則； however然而。句意：醫(yī)藥方面的好技術(shù)意味著減少痛苦和死亡， 因此掌握它是我們的職責。答案D4On hearing the horrible noise，they all went out and looked at what was happening in_.Aamusement BenjoymentCamazement Dembarrassment解析in amazement驚愕地。答案C5Some can never go above 4,000 meters, because their body is unable to_these extreme conditions.Aadopt to Badjust Cadapt to Dadmire解析句意：有些人永遠不能到達超過4000米的地方，因為他們的身體無法調(diào)整以適應這種極端狀況。adapt to調(diào)整以適應。答案C6He seems to_one important fact，but no one wants to point it out.Alook down BoverlookCfind out Dset out解析句意：他似乎忽略了一個重要的事實，但沒有人愿意指出來。overlook忽略。 答案B7Advertising companies are always having to think up new ways to_products.Adesign Bclassify Cpromote Didentify解析句意：廣告公司一直得想出新辦法來促銷。 promote products 促進產(chǎn)品銷售。答案C8Her lack of knowledge_her to do the kind of work that needs strength.Acondemns BmakesCorders Dconducts解析condemn sb to do sth 某人注定做某事。句意：因為知識貧乏，這注定了她從事力氣活。答案A9She cried her heart out after her husband had passed_.Aby Baway Coff as Don解析句意：她的丈夫去世后，她痛不欲生。pass away去世，離世。答案B10Having had a fight with his girlfriend last week，Tom hesitated_her to the birthday party.Ato inviting Bon invitingCfor invite Dto invite解析句意：因為上周和女朋友吵架，湯姆不想邀請她去參加生日宴會。hesitate to do sth不想做某事，猶豫不決做某事。答案D11The University of Tokyo is the oldest university in Japan and has always been in the lead when it comes to_new challenges.Abe faced BfaceCfacing Dfaced解析句意：東京大學是日本最古老的大學，當面臨新的挑戰(zhàn)的時候，它總是走在前列。when it comes to當談論到的時候，后跟v.ing。答案C12He was_upset over her illness.Ahorrible BhorriblyCpossible Dpossibly解析句意：他為她的病而憂心忡忡。horribly修飾形容詞upset。答案B13What he said in the meeting_everybody present.Adisgusted BdismissedCdisposed Ddisgusting解析句意：他在會議上的話讓每個在場的人反感。disgust使反感；dismiss開除，解散；dispose清除，解決。選A。答案A14I need to advertise for a roommate for next term._？ Mary is interested.AWhy bother BWhat ifCSo what DWhat for解析句意：我需要登廣告找個下個學期的室友。費那個勁做什么？瑪麗對此事感興趣。why bother何必那么麻煩；what if將會如何；so what那又怎么樣；what for為什么。根據(jù)語境可知選A項。答案A15_history of the American South is_history of suffering，also one of hope and success.AA；the BThe；theCA；a DThe；a解析考查冠詞。第一空強調(diào)美國南方的歷史，用定冠詞表特指；第二空表示“一段的歷史”，用不定冠詞。答案D二、完形填空 (共20小題；每小題1.5分，滿分30分)閱讀下面兩篇短文，掌握大意，然后從1635各題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。(A)When I was a law professor，a student reported that I made an error in grading his exam by giving him too many points.He was right，and after_16_him for his honesty，I changed the grade in my records.His beaming face turned to shock.“Youre_17_my grade？”he said angrily.“I would never have come in if.”It was obvious that his display of honesty was_18_.He thought hed have it allpraise and the higher grade.Several colleagues thought I should have let the higher grade_19_because all Id accomplished was to discourage him from being honest in the future.But I cant see how I could worsen my_20_in grading by undermining(損害)the honesty of all my grades by failing to correct an error.The grade itself would be a dishonest_21_of his knowledge and it would have been_22_to other students.I know_23_reporting an error in ones favor is unusual，but，like_24_too much change，its clearly the right thing to do.For people with real honesty，a good conscience and reputation is_25_enough for the cost of doing the right thing.Perhaps lowering the students grade did_26_him from being honest in the future，but bribing(賄賂)him to be honest so that he does the right thing when its costfree would have_27_him even more.The duty to be honest is about right and wrong，not risks and rewards.16A.apologizing Breplacing Cthanking Dblaming解析教授認為學生非常誠實，因此將分數(shù)改了過來，并因此而表示感激(thanking)。答案C17A.lowering Bcorrecting Cchanging Dmaking解析由上下文語境可知，看到自己的分數(shù)降低(lowering)了，學生感到生氣。文章最后一段可找到提示。答案A18A.good Bfalse Cspecial Dimpressive解析根據(jù)上文可知，學生表現(xiàn)出的誠實是虛偽的(false)。答案B19A.remove Bchange Cstand Dadd解析幾位同事認為，分數(shù)不應該改動。stand意為“保持不變”。答案C20A.crime Bmistake Cdoubt Dguilty解析教授認為，他不能靠不改分數(shù)，損毀分數(shù)的真實，再去加深這一錯誤(mistake)。答案B21A.reaction Bsense Csign Dreflection解析假如這樣，分數(shù)本身就是他的知識方面非真實的反映(reflection)。答案D22A.unfair Bcruel Ctough Dfunny解析對其他學生來講也是不公平的(unfair)。答案A23A.actively Bsecretly Cvoluntarily Dcuriously解析主動匯報對個人有利的錯誤非尋?，F(xiàn)象。voluntarily意為“自愿地”，符合句意。答案C24A.receiving Bpaying Cearning Dreturning解析然而，像退換(returning)找多的零錢，那也顯然是值得做的事情。答案D25A.pleasure Breward Ccontent Dhonor解析對于一個真正的誠實者而言，良知和聲譽就是對他們正確行為的最好回報(reward)。答案B26A.protect Binfluence Cdiscourage Dseparate解析可能降低學生的分數(shù)的確會使得這個學生以后不再誠實。根據(jù)上文all Id accomplished was to discourage him from being honest in the future可知答案。答案C27A.improved Bencouraged Cblamed Druined解析本來是免費的，假如依靠賄賂，教會了他誠實，才知道怎么做，那他會被毀掉(ruined)得更為嚴重。答案D(B)Sometimes I really doubt whether there is love between my parents.Every day they are very busy trying to earn money to pay the high tuition for my brother and me.They dont act in the_28_ways that I read in books or I see on TV.In their opinion，“I love you” is too_29_for them to say.Sending flowers to each other on Valentines Day is even more out of_30_.One day，my mother was sewing a quilt.I sat down beside her.“Mom，is there_31_between you and Dad？”I asked her in a very low voice.She didnt answer immediately.She_32_her head and continued to sew the quilt.But at last I heard my mother say the following words：“Susan，”she said thoughtfully，“Look at this thread.Sometimes it_33_，but most of it disappears in the quilt.The thread really makes the quilt strong and durable.If life is a quilt，then love should be a thread.It can hardly be seen anywhere or anytime，but its really there.Love is_34_.”O(jiān)nce I thought love meant flowers，gifts and_35_.Now I understand that love is inside，making life strong and warm.28A.magic Bromantic Cfantastic Dattractive解析他們從未像我在書中讀到，或在電視中看到的那樣“漫”。Fantastic奇異的，怪異的；magic魔法，有魔力。答案B29A.simple Beasy Crelaxing Dluxurious解析從上下文得知，說出“我愛你”是奢侈了，而不是太簡單、容易、輕松。答案D30A.the question BquestionCreach Dcontrol解析out of the question是固定短語，意為“毫無可能”；out of question有可能；out of reach(伸手)夠不著；out of control失控。答案A31A.feeling Blove Cquarrel Dsmile解析根據(jù)上下文，此處指“你和爸爸之間有沒有愛情”。答案B32A.raised Bshook Cnodded Dbowed解析因在縫被子，母親低下頭。答案D33A.happens Bcomes aboutCappears Doccurs解析由下文的“disappears”得知此處是“appears”。蘇珊，看看這線。有時候，你能看得見，但是大多數(shù)都隱藏在被子里。答案C34A.inside Boutside Cfaraway Dnearby解析由上句推出：愛是內(nèi)在的。下文有提示。答案A35A.fresh roses Bgold ringCsweet kisses Dbeautiful jewelry解析四個選項中A、B、D與前面提到的“鮮花、禮物”同類，只有C項不同類。我曾經(jīng)認為愛情就是鮮花、禮物和甜蜜的親吻。答案C第二部分 閱讀理解 (共20小題；每小題2分，滿分40分)閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。ANext time a customer comes to your office, offer him a cup of coffee. And when youre doing your holiday shopping online, make sure youre holding a large glass of iced tea.The physical sensation (感覺) of warmth encourages emotional warmth, while a cold drink in hand prevents you from making unwise decisions those are the practical lesson being drawn from recent research by psychologist John ABargh.Psychologists have known that one persons perception (感知) of anothers “warmth” is a powerful determiner in social relationships. Judging someone to be either “warm” or “cold” is a primary consideration, even trumping evidence that a “cold” person may be more capable. Much of this is rooted in very early childhood experiences, Bargh argues, when babies conceptual sense of the world around them is shaped by physical sensations, particularly warmth and coldness.Classic studics by Harry Harlow, published in 1958, showed monkeys preferred to stay close to a cloth “mother” rather than one made of wire, even when the wire “mother” carried a food bottle. Harlows work and later studies have led psychologists to stress the need for warm physical contact from caregivers to help young children grow into healthy adults with normal social skills.Feelings of “warmth” and “coldness” in social judgments appear to be universal.Although no worldwide study has been done, Bargh says that describing people as “warm”， or “cold” is common to many cultures, and studies have found those perceptions influence judgment in dozens of countries.To test the relationship between physical and psychological warmth, Bargh conducted an experiment which involved 41 college students. A research assistant who was unaware of the studys hypotheses (假設)，handed the students either a hot cup of coffee, or a cold drink, to hold while the researcher filled out a short information form. The drink was then handed back. After that, the students were asked to rate the personality of“Person A”based on a particular description. Those who had briefly held the warm drink regarded Person A as warmer than those who had held the iced drink.“We are grounded in our physical experiences even when we think abstractly，” says Bargh.【語篇解讀】 最近的心理學研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，人們對“溫暖”或者“寒冷”的感受可以改變?nèi)藗兊那楦小?6According to Paragraph 1, a persons emotion may be affected by_.Athe visitors to his officeBthe psychology lessons he hasChis physical feeling of coldnessDthe things he has bought online解析細節(jié)理解題。由文章第一段的第三句話可知，溫暖的感覺激發(fā)溫暖的情感，而冷飲在手則會阻止你做出不明智的決定，因此可以說一個人的情感可能會受到冷的感覺的影響。答案B37The author mentions Harlow s experiment to show that_.Aadults should develop social skillsBbabies need warm physical contactCcaregivers should be healthy adultsDmonkeys have social relationships解析細節(jié)理解題。在試驗中，猴子喜歡去靠近布制的“媽媽”而不喜歡“金屬線”做的“媽媽”。這使心理學家們強調(diào)養(yǎng)育者應該讓孩子們多接觸一些令人感覺溫暖的東西，以幫助孩子們成長為有正常社交技能的健康的成年人，故B項正確。答案B38In Bargh s experiment, the students were asked to_.Aevaluate someones personalityBwrite down their hypothesesCfill out a personal information formDhold coffee and cold drink alternatively解析細節(jié)理解題。由文中倒數(shù)第二段中的“After that，the students were asked to rate the personality ofPerson A based on a particular description.”可知選A。在試驗中，學生被要求評價某人的性格。答案A39We can infer from the passage that_.Aabstract thinking does not come from physical experiencesBfeelings of warmth and coldness are studied worldwideCphysical temperature affects how we see othersDcapable persons are often cold to others解析推理判斷題。全文都在論述人們對“溫暖”或“寒冷”的感覺可以影響人們對事物的評價。因此，物理溫度會影響我們看待他人的方式。因此選C。答案CBChildren start out as natural scientists, eager to look into the world around them. Helping them enjoy science can be easy; theres no need for a lot of scientific terms or expensive lab equipment. You only have to share your childrens curiosity(好奇). Firstly, listen to their questions. I once visited a classroom of sevenyearolds to talk about science as a job.The children asked me “textbook questions” about schooling, salary(薪水) and whether I liked my job.When I finished answering, we sat facing one another in silence. Finally I said, “Now that were finished with your lists,_do you have questions of your own about science？” After a long pause, a boy raised his hand, “Have you ever seen a grasshopper(蚱蜢) eat? When I try eating leaves like that, I get a stomachache. Why？” This began a set of questions that lasted nearly two hours. Secondly, give them time to think. Studies over the past 30 years have shown that, after asking a question, adults typically wait only one second or less for an answer, no time for a child to think. When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical(符合邏輯的), complete and creative answers.Thirdly, watch your language. Once you have a child involved in a science discussion, dont jump in with “Thats right” or “Very good”. These words work well when it comes to encouraging good behavior(行為). But in talking about science, quick praise can signal that discussion is over. Instead, keep things going by saying “Thats interesting” or “Id never thought of it that way before”， or coming up with more questions or ideas.Never push a child to “Think”. It doesnt make sense, children are always thinking, without your telling them to. Whats more, this can turn a conversation into a performance. The child will try to find the answer you want, in as few words as possible, so that he will be a smaller target(目標) for your disagreement.Lastly, show; dont tell. Reallife impressions of nature are far more impressive than any lesson children can learn from a book or a television program. Let children look at their fingertips through a magnifying glass(放大鏡), and theyll understand why you want them to wash before dinner. Rather than saying that water evaporates(蒸發(fā)), set a pot of water to boil and let them watch the water level drop.【語篇解讀】 本文闡述了如何激發(fā)孩子們對科學的興趣，以引導孩子們學科學。40. According to the passage, children are natural scientists, and to raise their interest, the most important thing for adults to do is_.Ato let them see the world aroundBto share the childrens curiosityCto explain difficult phrases about scienceDto supply the children with lab equipment解析細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第一段第三句中的.share your childrens curiosity可推知答案為B。答案B41In the last sentence of the first paragraph, the word “l(fā)ists” could best be replaced by_.Aany questionsBany problemsCquestions from textbooksDany number of questions解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段第六句The children asked me “textbook questions”可推知答案為C。答案C42According to the passage, children can answer questions in a more logical, complete and creative way if adults_.Aask them to answer quicklyBwait for one or two seconds after a questionCtell them to answer the next dayDwait at least for three seconds after a question解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第四段最后一句When adults increase their “wait time” to three seconds or more, children give more logical, complete and creative answers.可推知答案為D。答案D43In which of the following paragraph(s) does the author tell us what to say to encourage children in a science discussion?AThe second and third.BThe fourth and fifth.CThe fifth and sixth. DThe seventh.解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)問題的內(nèi)容可在文章的第五、六段找到答案。答案CCBringing up children is hard work, and you are often to blame for any bad behavior of your children. If so, Judith Rich Hams has good news for you. Parents, she argues, have no important longterm effects on the development of the personality of their children. Far more important are their playground friends and neighborhood companions. Ms Harris takes to bits the assumption which has dominated (支配) developmental psychology for almost half a century.Ms Harris attack on the developmentalists “nurture” argument looks likely to reinforce (加強) doubts that the profession was already having. If parents matter, why is it that two adopted children, reared in the same home, are no more similar in personality than two adopted children reared in separate homes? Or that a pair of identical twins, reared in the same home, are no more alike than a pair of identical twins reared in different homes?Difficult as it is to track the precise effects of parental upbringing, it may be harder to measure the exact influence of the peer (同齡人) group in childhood and adolescence. Ms Harris points to how children from immigrant homes soon learn not to speak at school in the way their parents speak. But acquiring a language is surely a skill, rather than a characteristic of the sort developmental psychologists hunt for. Certainly it is different from growing up tensely or relaxedly, or from learning to be honest or hardworking or generous. Easy though it may be to prove that parents have little impact on those qualities, it will be hard to prove that peers have vastly more.Moreover, mum and dad surely cannot be ditched completely. Young adults may, as Ms Harris argues, be keen to appear like their contemporaries. But even in those early years, parents have the power to open doors: they may initially choose the peers with whom their young associate, and pick that influential neighborhood. Moreover, most people suspect that they come to resemble their parents more in middle age, and peoples childrearing habits may be formed partly by what their parents did. So the balance of influences is probably complicated, as most parents already suspected without being able to demonstrate it scientifically. Even if it turns out that the genes they pass on and the friends their children play with matter as much as affection, discipline and good example，parents are not completely off the hook.【語篇解讀】 “子不教，父之過”，這一傳統(tǒng)的觀點受到人們的挑戰(zhàn)與質(zhì)疑。Ms Harris研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，子女性格的養(yǎng)成，更多地受到他們周圍的朋友和鄰居的影響。44According to Ms Harris，_.Aparents are to blame for any bad behavior of their childrenBchildrens personality is shaped by their friends and neighborsCnature rather than upbringing has a significant effect on childrens personality developmentDparents will greatly affect the childrens life in the long run解析推理判斷題。第一段說“孩子性格更多是受朋友和鄰居的影響”。答案B45The word “ditched”(Line 1, Para.4)could best be replaced by_.Aproved BemphasizedCcompared Dignored解析詞義猜測題。第四段第一句意為，此外，父母的影響肯定不容忽視。答案D46The developmental psychologists think_.Achildren are more influenced by their peersBidentical twins raised in the same home are different in personalityCtwins raised in two separate families are different in personalityDupbringing has a less significant effect on childrens personality development解析推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段可知，雙胞胎在不同家庭成長，也就會有不同的性格。答案C47According to Paragraph 3, we know that_.Ait is easier for children to gain a language at homeBit is harder to follow the effects of parental upbringingCimmigrant children avoid speaking the same way as their parents at schoolDit is proved that peers have a greater effect on childrens qualities解析細節(jié)理解題。文章第三段說移民家庭里的孩子在學校不會像父母一樣說話。答案CDIt was only a few weeks after my operation, and I went to Dr.Belts office for a checkup. I still had terrible pain from the scar. As usual, I was taken to an examination room to have my blood drawn, againa terrifying process for me, since Im so frightened of needles.I lay down on the examining table. Ramona entered the room. Her warm sparkling smile was familiar, and stood out in c