江西省上饒市橫峰中學高中英語《unit3 Learning about Language》教學課件 新人教版選修7

高二人教新課標版選修七高二人教新課標版選修七Unit 3 Under the seaLearning about Language 1 Some of the words in this unit can be used as both verbs and nouns. Look at these definitions and find the words in the text. Then write down how they have been used. WordDefinitionsHow used in the text1. to jump into the water head first 2. a graceful jump into the water head first 1. to see something happen 2. someone who sees a crime or an accident dive1witness1WordDefinitionsHow used in the text1. a short time when someone stops speaking 2. to stop doing something for a short time 1. a strong wish 2. to strongly suggest someone do something 1. something that slows you down 2. to pull something along behind you pause2urge2drag22 Read these sentences. Then replace the words in italics with words that mean the same from the unit. 1. Some personal stories about Mark Twain are very amusing. 2. Working together is necessary to produce good results. anecdotesTeamwork3. More and more people are concerned with the protection of different whale species. 4. Sit facing the street and watch the parade go by. 5. When you hit an iceberg, leave the ship immediately. conservationoppositeabandondepth, dive, yell, annual, shark, accommodation, witness, relationship, flee, shore3 Use these words in their proper forms to complete the passage below. When I was young, my parents liked jogging on the beach. So we used to visit the seaside on our _ holiday. We always stayed in _ close to the _ because my parents had a good _ with the owner of the hotel. We also went snorkelling each time and would _ under the waves to see the colourful fish. As I grew older I was allowed to go to greater _ and further out beyond the bay. annualaccommodationshorerelationshipdivedepthsThere I saw small _ as they swam lazily around the sea bottom. One day I _ how they would pursue their prey swiftly, and the small fish had no time to _ away. I wanted to _ and warn the poor fish but that was impossible underwater. Thank God it was; otherwise, I might have been swallowed instead! sharksyellwitnessedfleeGrammarThe Passive ing-form(V-ing 形式的被動式形式的被動式)V-ing形式的各種時態(tài)和語態(tài)形式的各種時態(tài)和語態(tài):時態(tài)時態(tài)一般式一般式完成式完成式主動語態(tài)主動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)doinghaving donebeing done having been done1. 動名詞的被動式：動名詞的被動式：1)動名詞的被動式有兩種動名詞的被動式有兩種: being + 過去分詞；過去分詞； having been + 過去分詞。過去分詞。例如：例如：a) 每個人都喜歡得到贊美。每個人都喜歡得到贊美。 Everybody likes _.b) 我記得曾經(jīng)聽過這故事。我記得曾經(jīng)聽過這故事。 I remember _ the story.2) 在在need/want/require(需要需要)和和 be worth (值得值得) 等詞后面等詞后面, 動名詞的主動形式表示被動動名詞的主動形式表示被動 意義。意義。例如：例如：a) 這件事需要調(diào)查。這件事需要調(diào)查。 The matter requires _. = The matter requires to be looked into.being praisedhaving been toldlooking intob) 這本書值得一讀。這本書值得一讀。 The book _. = The book is worthy of being read.2. 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式1) 現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式也有兩種現(xiàn)在分詞的被動式也有兩種: being + 過去分詞過去分詞 (強調(diào)事情正在發(fā)生強調(diào)事情正在發(fā)生)； having + been + 過去分詞過去分詞 (強調(diào)事情已經(jīng)強調(diào)事情已經(jīng) 發(fā)生發(fā)生, 不作定語不作定語)。例如：例如：a) 她正接受提問她正接受提問, 感到有點兒緊張。感到有點兒緊張。 _to answer the question, she felt a little nervous.is worth readingBeing askedb) 這么好的機會給了你這么好的機會給了你, 你怎么能一點也不珍惜你怎么能一點也不珍惜 呢？呢？ _ such a good chance, how could you not value it at all?2) 作定語時作定語時, “being +過去分詞過去分詞”表示正在表示正在 進行的動作進行的動作; done表示一般過去或已經(jīng)完成表示一般過去或已經(jīng)完成 的動作的動作; to be done表示將要發(fā)生的動作。表示將要發(fā)生的動作。如：如：a) 正在建造的房屋正在建造的房屋, 完工后將用作我們的圖書館。完工后將用作我們的圖書館。 The house _ will be our library upon its completion.Having been givenbeing builtb) 所使用的教材都是時新的。所使用的教材都是時新的。 The textbooks _ are all up-to-date.c) 你打算參加下月召開的會議嗎？你打算參加下月召開的會議嗎？ Are you going to attend the meeting _ next month?usedto be heldI am thinking of getting a new dictionary.I approved of his taking part in the project.I enjoy listening to classical music.(一般情況一般情況)(以后、將來以后、將來)(現(xiàn)在、將來現(xiàn)在、將來)V-ing表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時或在其后表示的動作與謂語動詞的動作同時或在其后發(fā)生發(fā)生, 或表示一般情況或表示一般情況.being done表示的被動動作表示的被動動作正在進行正在進行或與謂語動詞或與謂語動詞的動作的動作同時同時(有時之后有時之后)發(fā)生發(fā)生, 或表示或表示一般情況一般情況。現(xiàn)在修建的發(fā)電站將是埃及最大的發(fā)電站現(xiàn)在修建的發(fā)電站將是埃及最大的發(fā)電站之一。之一。The power station being built now will be one of the largest in Egypt.她堅持被派給最苦她堅持被派給最苦的工作的工作. She insisted on being given the hardest task.They regret not having been able to inform you of the fact.(之前之前)Having done 表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動表示的動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作作之前之前。Having been done表示的被動動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表表示的被動動作發(fā)生在謂語動詞表示的動作示的動作之前之前。被邀請后被邀請后, 李先生去參加了會議。李先生去參加了會議。Having been invited, Mr Li went to attend the meeting.I appreciate having been given the chance to study abroad two years ago.V-ing的被動式在句中可以作的被動式在句中可以作:1)主語主語Being laughed at in public is a terrible experience.被鯊魚咬死是一件很普通的事情。被鯊魚咬死是一件很普通的事情。Being killed by sharks was a common thing.我很感激兩年前被給予了去國外學習的機會。我很感激兩年前被給予了去國外學習的機會。 _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to oness skin. A. Exposed B. Having exposed C. Being exposed D. After being exposed2)賓語賓語I could see he was terrified of being abandoned by us.C 你還記得十歲時被帶去北京嗎你還記得十歲時被帶去北京嗎?Do you remember having been taken to Beijing at the age of ten?The little girl was eventually aware that her parents abandoned her in the mountainous village.The little girl was eventually aware of being abandoned by her parents in the mountainous village.若不被邀請，他是不會來的。若不被邀請，他是不會來的。 (without)He wouldnt come without being invited.下面短語中的下面短語中的 to 是介詞是介詞, 后面只能跟名詞或后面只能跟名詞或V-ing：devote to (投入投入), get down to (著手干著手干)，lead to (通向通向,導致導致), object to (反對反對), pay attention to (注意注意), look forward to (盼望盼望), be used to (習慣于習慣于)，stick to (堅持堅持), preferto等。等。No one can prevent the plan _. A. from carrying out B. to be carried out C. being carried out D. to carry outThe bird was lucky that it just missed _. A. catching B. being caught C. to be caught D. to catchC B admit (承認承認), appreciate, avoid, cant help (禁不住禁不住)， stand(忍受忍受), consider (考慮考慮,打算打算), enjoy, escape (躲避躲避), excuse, finish, give up, imagine, insist on, mind, miss (錯過錯過), practise, put off, risk, set about, suggest (建議建議)等后接等后接v-ing。He has always insisted on his _ Dr. Tuner instead of Mr. Turner. A. been called B. being called C. having called D. calledB While shopping, people sometimes cant help _ into buying something they dont really need. A. to persuade B. persuading C. being persuaded D. be persuaded3) 賓語補足語賓語補足語I saw James being held up in the water by old Tom. The well was found _ when we got there. A. digging B. to be dug C. to dig D. being dugC D I noticed that some people were taken to the police station.I noticed some people being taken to the police station.4) 定語定語The meeting being held now is very important.但但 having been done 不能作不能作定語。定語。正在被建在公園旁邊的賓館是由一群年輕人建的。正在被建在公園旁邊的賓館是由一群年輕人建的。The hotel being built now beside the park was designed by a group of young men. Having been told many times, he still made the same mistake. 5) 狀語狀語Being badly wounded, the whale soon died. Most of the artists _ to the party were from South Africa. A. invited B. to invite C. being invited D. had been invitedA 1.The secretary worked late into the night, _ a long speech for the president. A. being prepared B. preparing C. having been prepared D. prepared2. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having been suffered B. Bing suffered C. To suffer D. SufferedBAExercises 3. She is shy. She is not used to _ in front of others. A. praise B. praising C. being praised D. be praised4. _ in a heavy traffic jam in a taxi while you are hurrying to the airport is quite an unpleasant experience. A. Having caught B. Being caught C. aught D. Having been caughtC B 5.The storm left, _ a lot of damage to this area. A. caused B. to have caused C. to cause D. having caused6. It shames me to say it, but I told a lie when _ at the meeting by my boss. A. questioning B. having questioned C. questioned D. to be questionedD C 7. With the development of science, more new technology _ to the field of IT. A. has introduced B. is being introduced C. is introduced D. was introduced8.Tony was very unhappy for _ to the party. A. having not been invited B. not having invited C. having not invited D. not having been invitedB D 9. _ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The presidents attending D 10. Do you mind _ alone at home? A. Jane leaving B. Jane having left C. Janes being left D. Jane to be leftC 11. - What made Bill so angry? - _. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasnt come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waitedB 12. _ the whole story, Jane decided not to see the film. A. Having been told B. Having told C. Been told D. Telling A 13. The building _ in our school is for us teachers. Though theres noise most of the day, we still feel happy about it. A. built B. having been built C. to be built D. being builtD 14. _ many times, the boy still didnt know how to do the exercises. A. Having taught B. Having been taught C. taught D. Teaching B For more explanation, click here.高考鏈接高考鏈接1. I hear theyve promoted Tom, but he didnt mention _ when we talked on the phone. (2008江西卷江西卷) A. to promote B. having been promoted C. having promoted D. to be promotedB 2. _ around the Water Cube, we were then taken to see the Birds Nest for the 2008 Olympic Games. (2008陜西卷陜西卷)A. Having shown B. To be shown C. Having been shown D. To showC 3. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. (07全國卷全國卷II)A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closedC. being opened and closed D. to open and closeC 4. HE LOOKED AROUND AND CAUGHT A MAN _ HIS HAND INTO THE POCKET OF A PASSENGER. (2004春季北京春季北京) A. PUT B. TO BE PUTTING C. TO PUT D. PUTTING解析解析: 答案答案 D?，F(xiàn)在分詞?，F(xiàn)在分詞putting作賓語補足語作賓語補足語, 表示主動。表示主動。catch sb. doing表示表示“當場抓住當場抓住(撞見撞見)某人在做某事某人在做某事”。D解析解析: 答案為答案為C。for是介詞是介詞, 后接動名詞作賓語。后接動名詞作賓語。動名詞的否定形式在前面加動名詞的否定形式在前面加not。物主代詞。物主代詞his與動名詞的否定形式構(gòu)成動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。與動名詞的否定形式構(gòu)成動名詞的復合結(jié)構(gòu)。5. Victor apologized for _ to inform me of the change in the plan. (2004春季上海春季上海) A. his being not able B. him not to be able C. his not being able D. him to be not ableC6. The discovery of new evidence led to _. (2003上海上海)A. the thief having caught B. catch the thiefC. the thiefs being caught D. the thief to be caught解析解析: : 答案答案C。lead to “導致、引起導致、引起”, to 是介詞，是介詞，后接動名詞作賓語。從題意看后接動名詞作賓語。從題意看, 是是“小偷被抓住小偷被抓住”,故用動名詞的被動式故用動名詞的被動式 being caught; 因作賓語因作賓語,故動名詞的邏輯主語可用名詞普通格故動名詞的邏輯主語可用名詞普通格 the thief 改名詞所有格改名詞所有格 the thiefs。由于發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的證據(jù)。由于發(fā)現(xiàn)了新的證據(jù)因而抓住了小偷。因而抓住了小偷。C7. _ to sunlight for too much time will do harm to ones skin. (2002上海上海)A. ExposedB. Having exposedC. Being exposed D. After being exposed解析解析: 答案答案C。在這個句子中。在這個句子中, will do是謂語，是謂語，要用動名詞作主語。要用動名詞作主語。expose 與與 ones skin是動賓關(guān)系是動賓關(guān)系, 要用動名詞的被動式要用動名詞的被動式 being exposed作主語。作主語。C8. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. (2001全國全國) A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To suffer D. Suffered解析解析: 答案答案A。從一詞可知。從一詞可知, 要用現(xiàn)在分詞要用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式。由于已經(jīng)受到如此嚴重的污染，的完成式。由于已經(jīng)受到如此嚴重的污染，現(xiàn)在清理河道可能太晚了?，F(xiàn)在清理河道可能太晚了。AFor more exercises, click here.1. Summarize the rules of the Passive ing-form.2. Finish the exercises on Page 23.Homework