福建省中考英語總復習 第六章 副詞和形容詞課件

1. 形容詞 形容詞是用來修飾名詞的詞，表示名詞的屬性，說明事物或人的性質(zhì)或特征。形容詞常放在被修飾的名詞前作定語，放在系動詞后作表語，或放在賓語之后作賓語補足語。第第 六六 章章 形形 容容 詞詞 和和 副副 詞詞作賓語補足語放在賓語后，常與make，leave，keep，feel，find，think等動詞連用。如： make me angry，keep the window closed作定語放在名詞前，不定代詞后。如：a beautiful flower，something important作表語放在系動詞后 (be，smell，sound，taste，look，feel，turn，go，get，become，seem，keep，stay等) 。如： sound great，taste delicious，feel comfortable，turn green(1) else只能作后置定語，修飾疑問代詞 (what，who，whom，where等) 和不定代詞 (something，anything，somebody，nobody等)。如：What else do you want？注意：(2) 多數(shù)形容詞既能作定語，也能作表語，但以下形容詞只能作表語，如afraid，alone，asleep，awake，alive，well，ill，frightened。(3) 表示長、寬、高、深及年齡等的形容詞常放在表示度量的名詞之后。如：The bridge is 400 meters long. (4) enough作形容詞時，放在名詞之前，作副詞時放在形容詞或副詞之后。如：enough money，big enough，quickly enough(5) -ed形容詞多表示人對事物的感受，只修飾人; -ing形容詞多表示事物對人產(chǎn)生的影響，一般用來修飾物，但也可修飾人。如：He is such an interesting man that we all like to talk to him.The movie is very interesting. He is interested in it.2.常見名詞變形容詞的方法規(guī)律規(guī)律構(gòu)詞方法構(gòu)詞方法舉例舉例天氣名詞n. + -y sun sunny，cloud cloudy，rain rainy，wind windy方位名詞n. + -ern east eastern，south southern，west western，north northern情感名詞n. + -fuln. + -yn. + -less color colorful， help helpful，wonder wonderful，luck lucky， noise noisy，health healthy，care careless， home homeless，hope hopeless， use useless物質(zhì)名詞n. +-en wood wooden，wool woolen，gold golden規(guī)律規(guī)律構(gòu)詞方法構(gòu)詞方法舉例舉例時間名詞 n. + -ly day daily，month monthly，week weekly 大洲或國名 n. + n Asia Asian，Africa African，America American，India Indian，Australia Australian 以ce結(jié)尾的名詞把ce變?yōu)閠 difference different，importance important，patience patient tion結(jié)尾的名詞 n. + al national，international，educational，traditional 其他n. + ly friendly，lovely，lively( ) 1. This camera is too expensive. Do you have any others? Sorry, but thats the _ one.（2016泉州市) A. biggest B. longest C. cheapest( ) 2.David felt _ because he was not able to get a ticket to the concert.（2016漳州市) A. moved B. excited C. disappointed( ) 3.The summer vacation is coming soon, and we will have a _ holiday.（2016龍巖市) A. two-month B. two months C. two months 真題熱身真題熱身中考 真題CCA考考 點點 2 副副 詞詞 副詞主要用來修飾動詞、形容詞、副詞或全句，說明時間、地點、程度、方式等，在句子中作狀語。1. 副詞的用法分類例詞用法舉例時間ago，before，already，now，just，soon，then，yet 一般放在句末，同時出現(xiàn)時間副詞和地點副詞時，其順序為先地點后時間Lets meet at the school gate tomorrow morning.Speak loudly.地點here，there，in，out，back，home方式quickly，loudly，slowly，carefully，happily 分類例詞用法舉例疑問when，where，how，why修飾動詞，放于動詞之后，及物動詞的賓語或介詞的賓語之后 Where is my book？ 頻度usually，often，hardly，sometimes，ever，never 放在實義動詞前，be動詞、情態(tài)動詞及助動詞之后 Hes always late for school.程度very，much，only，quite，too，so，nearly，enough，almost，mostly放在被修飾形容詞、副詞前Im so sorry.2. 常見的形容詞變副詞的方法(1) 直接由形容詞加ly構(gòu)成: slow slowly, strong strongly, beautiful beautifully(2) 以 “輔音字母加le” 結(jié)尾的詞，改e為y: simple simply，gentle gently，terrible terribly (3) 以 “輔音字母加y” 結(jié)尾的詞，改y為i再加ly: easy easily，happy happily，busy busily，heavy heavily(4) 其他形式:full fully，true truly(5) 既是形容詞也是副詞: well，fast，hard，high，straight，late，early(1) hardly不是 hard的副詞形式，hardly是 “幾乎不” 的意思，一般放在動詞之前，多與can，could 連用；hard作形容詞時意為 “硬的”，作為副詞時意為 “努力地”。注意(2) friendly，lonely，lovely，likely，daily，weekly，lively，ugly等是形容詞，不是副詞。(3) well可作形容詞，意為 “健康的，身體好的”，一般不與感官動詞連用 (除feel外)；也可作副詞，意為 “好地”。( )1. Sir, would you mind speaking a little more _ ? Of course not. I thought you could follow me.（2016泉州市) A. quickly B. slowly C. politely( ) 2. The soldiers were so tired that they could _ keep their eyes open after a long journey.（2016漳州市) A. quickly B. hardly C. easily 真題熱身真題熱身中考真題BB考考 點點 3 形形 容容 詞、副詞、副 詞詞 辨辨 析詳見詞析詳見詞匯一本通易混詞辨析匯一本通易混詞辨析( ) 1. The fish tastes _ ,we have eaten it up. It is certain that she cooked it _ .(2015涼山彝族自治州) A. good; well B. well; good C. well; well D. good; good( ) 2. I still want to drink something. May I have _ cup of juice? Certainly. Here you are. (2015濱州市) A. other B. more C. another D. else 真題熱身真題熱身中考真題AC考點考點4 4 形容詞和副詞的比較級別形容詞和副詞的比較級別1.形容詞和副詞的比較級、最高級的構(gòu)成類別構(gòu)成方法原級比較級最高級單音節(jié)和少數(shù)雙音節(jié)詞直接加-er, -est longlonger longest不發(fā)音e結(jié)尾時加-r，-st nicenicernicest輔音字母加y結(jié)尾時，把y變i，再加-er，-est easyeasiereasiest以一個輔音字母結(jié)尾的重讀閉音節(jié)詞，雙寫最后一個字母再加-er, -est bigbiggerbiggest多音節(jié)和部分雙音節(jié)詞在原級前加more，most carefulmore carefulthe most careful(1) 規(guī)則變化特別提醒：new，few，slow，clean 等詞含有字母組合，且發(fā)的是長元音，不用雙寫。(2) 不規(guī)則變化只能用more和most構(gòu)成比較級和最高級：like more like the most like既可加-er，-est，也可用more，most，構(gòu)成比較級和最高級：strict more strict/stricter (the) most strict/strictest特殊變化good/well better best bad/ill/badly worse worstmany/much/some more mostlittle less least far farther (距離更遠) further (更深入，更進一步) farthest (距離最遠)furthest (最大限度、程度) old older (年紀較大的)elder (較年長的) oldest (年紀最大的)eldest (最年長的)(1) 記住以下三個詞組：further study (進修)，further education (繼續(xù)教育)，further information (進一步的信息)。(2) elder僅用于同輩之間的排行，如elder sister (姐姐)，elder brother (哥哥)。(3) less作為 “更少” 僅用來修飾不可數(shù)名詞，修飾可數(shù)名詞表示 “更少” 要用fewer。特別提醒：2. 形容詞和副詞的原級、比較級和最高級的用法同等程度的比較 (A=B) 肯定句：A+謂語動詞+as+原級+as+B： Lily is as tall as me.1. 常用來修飾原級的詞有very，so，too，enough，quite等。2.as可用于肯定句或否定句，但so只用于否定句。否定句：A+謂語動詞否定式+as/so+原級+as+B： Lily is not as/so tall as me. (1) 原級的用法注意：不及比較(AB)A+謂語動詞+less+原級+than+B：Lilys room is less beautiful than mine.注意：僅限于部分雙音節(jié)、多音節(jié)的形容詞、副詞超越比較(2) 比較級的用法(AB) A+謂語動詞+比較級+than+B：Lily is taller than me.Lily is more outgoing than me.程度遞增比較級+and+比較級(越來越) ：Lily is getting taller and taller.The+比較級，the+比較級 (越，越)：The busier Lily is，the happier she feels.兩者中較為突出的一個A+謂語動詞+the+比較級+of the two：Lily is the taller of the two.量化比較A+謂語動詞+數(shù)量/倍數(shù)+比較級+ than + B：Lily is two years younger than me.1. 常用來修飾比較級的詞有：兩多 (much，a lot)，兩少 (a little，a bit) 以及far，even，still等2.比較應在同類事物之間進行誤：Our school is larger than you.正：Our school is larger than yours.注意：三者或三者以上進行比較A+謂語動詞+the+最高級+of/in/among+比較范圍：Lily is the strongest of the three girls.(3) 最高級的用法三者或三者以上進行選擇Which/Who 謂語動詞+the+最高級，A，B or C： Who is the tallest，Lily，Amy or Jane ？表 示“最的之一” A+謂語動詞+one of the+最高級+名詞復數(shù)：Lily is one of the tallest girls in her class.1.形容詞最高級前的the不能省，副詞最高級前一般不加the。2.形容詞最高級前面可能有物主代詞、指示代詞、名詞所有格等修飾，但此時不能再用the。表示“第幾最”A+謂語動詞+the+序數(shù)詞+最高級：Lily is the second tallest girl in her class.注意 在英語表達中，形容詞和副詞的原級和比較級也可以表示最高級的含義。如：No one else in our grade is as tall as Peter. (原級)我們級里沒有人和彼得一樣高。=Peter is the tallest student in our grade. (最高級)彼得是我們級最高的學生。=Peter is taller than any other student in our grade. (比較級)彼得比我們級里任何一個學生都高。=Peter is taller than the other students in our grade. (比較級)在我們級里，彼得比其他學生都高。形容詞和副詞比較級之間的轉(zhuǎn)換A+謂語動詞+比較級+ than + any other+名詞單數(shù)+in+范圍 (A在此 “范圍” 內(nèi))。如：China is larger than any other country in Asia.中國比亞洲其他任何一個國家都大。特別提醒：A+謂語動詞+比較級+ than + any +名詞單數(shù)+in+范圍 (A不在此 “范圍” 內(nèi))。如：China is larger than any country in Africa.中國比非洲的任何一個國家都大。在同一范圍內(nèi)比較時，必須把主體排除在被比較的范圍之外( ) 1. Have you seen the movie Zootopia? Yes, I have seen it twice. Of all the movies Ive ever seen, its the _ one.（2016廈門市) A. interesting B. more interesting C. most interesting( ) 2. Shall I wear the pink evening dress or the white one? They both look beautiful, but I think the white one is _ .（2016漳州市) A. suitable B. more suitable C. the most suitable 真題熱身真題熱身中考真題BC