河北省平泉四海中學中考英語 被動語態(tài)復習課件

中考復習系列 被動語態(tài) The Passive VoiceThe Passive VoiceI. The Active Voice and the Passive Voice: 1.What is the Active Voice? ( in Chinese) 它表示主語是動作的執(zhí)行者執(zhí)行者。 Eg: We often mistake New York for the capital of the USA. 2. What is the Passive Voice? ( in Chinese) 它表示主語是動作的承受者承受者。 Eg: New York is often mistaken for the capital of the USA by us. II. The structure of the Passive Voice: be (助動詞）助動詞） + P.P.（動詞的過去分詞）（動詞的過去分詞） 1. 一般現(xiàn)在時的被動語態(tài): am/is/are+P.P. Eg: Our classroom is cleaned every day. More trees are planted every year. 2. 一般過去時的被動語態(tài): was/were+P.P. Eg: These dinosaur eggs were found in Liaoning. Paper was first made in China. 3. 含有情態(tài)動詞的被動語態(tài): can/may/must/should + be + P.P. Eg: Can the word be read like this? IV. How to change the Active Voice into the Passive Voice: a. 主動語態(tài)的賓語變成被動語態(tài)的主語 b. 動詞變?yōu)橄鄳谋粍有问?注意有人稱、數(shù)和時態(tài)的變化) c. 主動語態(tài)的主語變?yōu)榻樵~by 的賓語 (不強調(diào)動作的承受者時 by 短語可以省略） Eg: 1. People eat potatoes all over the world. 主語 賓語 Potatoes are eaten ( by people ) all over the world. 主語 賓語 2. When did they hold the meeting? When was the meeting held (by them)? V. Key points and special difficulties 1、短語動詞變?yōu)楸粍訒r，其后的介詞或副詞不可以省略。短語動詞變?yōu)楸粍訒r，其后的介詞或副詞不可以省略。 Eg. Old people should be taken good care and spoken politely. Old people should be taken good care of and spoken to politely. 2、主動語態(tài)中省略主動語態(tài)中省略“to”的不定式，在被動語態(tài)中要加上的不定式，在被動語態(tài)中要加上“to”，如，如 make, let, hear, see, watch, 等。等。 Eg: We heard her sing in her own room yesterday. She was heard to sing in her own room yesterday.3、帶雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的主動語態(tài)改為被動時，帶雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)的主動語態(tài)改為被動時， （1）常常把間接賓語（）常常把間接賓語（“人人”）直接作為主語。）直接作為主語。 （2）也可以把直接賓語（）也可以把直接賓語（“物物”）作為主語，但要加上）作為主語，但要加上“to”或或“for”。 如如buy, draw, make (for) 等；如等；如 give, pass, show(to) 等。等。 Eg: Father bought me a computer last week. I was bought a computer by Father last week. A computer was bought for me by Father last week. 4、不及物動詞和連系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如不及物動詞和連系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)，如 happen, change, develop, break down, rise, feel 等。等。 Eg: a.Yesterday our teacher told us a story which was happened hundreds of years ago. Yesterday our teacher told us a story which (was) happened hundreds of years ago. b. The language is changed all the time The language is changing all the time c. The meat is smelt bad. Throw it away, please. The meat smells bad. Throw it away, please. 5、及物動詞后面無賓語時，要考慮用被動語態(tài)。及物動詞后面無賓語時，要考慮用被動語態(tài)。 Eg: Dont go in until you _(tell) to. He _ (ask) to give a speech in class yesterday. are toldwas asked 6、了解其他時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。了解其他時態(tài)的被動語態(tài)。 一般將來時：shall, will be + P.P. 現(xiàn)在完成時：have / has been + P.P. 現(xiàn)在進行時：am/ is / are + being + P.P. 7、主動語態(tài)中疑問詞是主語的句子改為被動要加主動語態(tài)中疑問詞是主語的句子改為被動要加“by”。 Eg: Who broke the window yesterday? By whom was the window broken yesterday? VI. Exercises: a. Change the following sentences into the Passive Voice: 1. We should listen to the teacher carefully. The teacher should be listened to carefully. 2. When did Uncle Wand repair your bike? When was your bike repaired by Uncle Wang? 3. They sell vegetables in that shop. Vegetables are sold in that shop. 4. Do they teach Russian in their school? Is Russian taught in their school? 5. Can I take this magazine out of the library? Can this magazine be taken out of the library? b. Correct the errors in the following sentences:1. If the temperature is risen again, there will be some danger. If the temperature rises again, there will be some danger.2. Who was the girl taken good care of last month while you were away? By whom was the girl taken good care of ?3. No one knew when the picture hung on the wall. No knew when the picture was hung on the wall.4. The cakes were so delicious that they had sold out soon after the shop was open. that they were sold out after the shop was open.5. Lots of new words have to be looked because he knows little English. Lots of new words have to be looked up .6. When you leave, make sure the lights turn off. When you leave, make sure the lights are turned off.7. Whose is this pen? It has been lain on the teachers desk for the whole morning. ? It has (been) lain on the teachers desk for the whole morning. 8. The flowers in the vase were felt very sweet, didn t they? The flowers in the vase (were) felt very sweet, didnt they?