四川省廣安市2019中考英語 閱讀理解編習(xí)題（9）.doc

伏龍初中2019中考英語閱讀理解編習(xí)題（9）附答案【能力選練】 A（2019中考科普環(huán)保類選練）The world is not only hungry but also thirsty for water. This may seem strange to you, since nearly 70%of the earths surface is covered with water. But about 97%of that is sea water or salt water. Man can only drink and use the other 3%of fresh water from rivers, lakes, underground and so on. And we can not even use all of that because some of it has been made dirty. Earth Day is April 22. But on all other days, we must also remember how important water is. The water that we use is the most important natural resource on the earth. Today we face serious water problems. One of them is water pollution. All kinds of things from cars, factories, farms and homes make our rivers, lakes and oceans dirty. Polluted water is very bad for people to drink. And dirty water is bad for fish, too. How do cars and factories make our water dirty? First they pollute the air. Then when it rains, the rain water makes our drinking water dirty. Dirty rain, called acid rain（酸雨）, is also bad for plants, animals and buildings. Scientists say that in 30 years, more than half of the people in the world wont have enough dean water. We have to learn how to stop wasting water. One of the first steps is to develop ways of reusing it. Today in most large cities, water i used only once and then sere out into a sewer system（下水道）. From there it returns to the sea or goes underground. But even though every large city reused its water, we would still not have enough. So we should make use of sea water by removing the salt in it. If we can take these steps, fresh water wont be used up.1. The world is thirsty for water because_.Awe dont have enough fresh waterBa lot of water goes into sewer systemsConly 70% of the earths surface is waterDsea water is widely used rather than fresh water2. The underlined word "face" means"_".Aturn the face downBturn the face upCturn the face to Dturn the face back3. From this passage, we know acid rain_.Ais only bad for living thingsBis not bad for buildings and factoriesCcan be produced in factoriesDis bad for people, animals, plants and buildings4. One difficult way we can solve the problem is to _.Ause the water with salt in it Bremove the salt from sea waterCget water from underground Dreuse the water in cities5. What is the best title for this passage?AFresh water and sea water BA thirsty countryCThe importance of water DThe worlds water problem參考答案ACDBD【能力選練】 B【*吉林省實(shí)驗(yàn)中學(xué)】( B ) The Internet is a big place and has lots of different kinds of information. Nobody has enough time to find something on the Internet. Yahoo gives us a lot of help.Two Stanford University students Jerry Yang and David Filo started it in 1994. They made a list of their favorite web pages. When their list got bigger, they made a database (數(shù)據(jù)庫) to keep a lot of information. They let everyone use it for free. Soon, thousands of people were using it.Then they made a new kind of software（軟件）. It could store much more information, and people can find information by using it. If you look for “animals”, it will give you a list of web pages with the word.Yahoo became a public company in 1996. As the company grew, Yang and Filo went on working hard. They put more uses in the software, such as shopping and free e-mails. They started Yahoo in many different countries and in different languages.Yahoo is famous on the Internet. It really makes money unlike（不像）most other web companies.根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容選擇正確答案。（5分）( ) 76 Yahoo was started in 1994 by _. A. Bill Gates B. two college students C. American scientists D. thousands of people( ) 77. After the company became bigger, Yang and Filo _.A. became lazy B. worked less C. continued working hard D. stopped working( ) 78. The passage doesnt tell us if we can _by using the Yahoo software.A. go shopping B. look for informationC. send and receive e-mails D. make telephone calls( ) 79. Which of the following is TRUE?A. Yahoo is another name of Internet.B. Yahoo is a public company.C. Yahoo doesnt offer free e-mail D. Yahoo is losing money.( ) 80. What does the writer think of most other Internet companies?A. They dont make much money. B. They are all famous.C. They are just like Yahoo. D. They are better than Yahoo.參考答案 76-80 BCDBA【能力選練】 C【*北京】My summer hols wr CWOT. B4, we used 2 go 2 NY2C my bro, his GF&thr 3 ： kids FTF. ILNY, its gr8.Can you understand this sentence? If you cant, dont feel too bad: neither could the middle school teacher in England who received this as homework. This is Netspeak: the language of computerized communication found on Internet of cellphones. To newcomers, it can look like a completely foreign language. So, what is the “translation” of the sentence above? My summer holidays were a complete waste of time. Before, we used to go to New York to see my brother, his girlfriend, and their three screaming kids face to face. I love New York; its great.Schoolteachers and parents say this new form of writing is harming(破壞) the English language. Increasing spelling and grammatical mistakes can be seen in students writing. They fear the language could become corrupted(面目全非的)Everyone should just relax, say linguists(語言學(xué)家). They believe Netspeak is in fact more of a good thing. David Crystal, from the University of Wales, argues that Netspeak and Internet create a new language use and the almost lost art of diary writing has been picked up again. Geoffrey Nunberg, from Stanford University, agrees. “People get better at writing by writing，” he says. “Kids who are now doing text messaging, email, and instant messages will write at least as well as, and possibly better than, their parents.Linguist James Milroy says, for centuries, it is believed without exception that young people are harming the language. And you can bet your bottom dollar that when todays teenagers become tomorrows parents, they too will think this way. Milroy argues that languages do not and cannot become “corrupted”； they simply change to meet the new needs.However, Netspeakers do agree that it is important to teach young people how to speak and write Standard English. Cynthia McVey says, “I can understand Netspeak worries teachers and its important that they get across to their pupils that text messaging is for fun, but that learning to write proper English is a must for their future.”Perhaps we should give teenagers a little more trust anyway. Erin, age 12, says, “I wouldnt use text language in my homework. Texting is just for fun.”( )1. What is the main purpose of the first paragraph?A. To give an example of a foreign language.B. To show an example of creative methods.C. To express worries about using Netspeak.D. To lead in the topic of Netspeak.( )2. Which of the following is true according to the passage?A. Cynthia McVey points out teenagers can deal with Netspeak properly.B. Geoffrey Nunberg believes Netspeakers can write Standard English.C. David Crystal thinks Netspeak helps develop the habit of writing.D. James Milroy says that language is changing and improving.( )3. The expression “bet your bottom dollar” in Paragraph 5 means _.A. be fairly sureB. be greatly surprisedC. think it a pityD. find it interesting( )4. What can be the best title for the passage?A. Netspeak: A WidelyUsed Language on InternetB. Is Netspeak Harming the English Language?C. Is Netspeak Helpful in the English Language?D. Netspeak: Advantages and Disadvantages語篇解讀：要把這篇文章完全讀明白是需要一定功底和閱讀技巧的。它的難點(diǎn)就在于眾多不認(rèn)識的人名會干擾閱讀，另外這些人的言論都是不一樣的，需要考生自己提煉作者的態(tài)度。1. D。推理判斷題。在審題過程中需要注意的是main purpose而不是 main idea ，第一段就一句話，而且是讓人咋看一頭霧水的句子，這樣的句子用在開頭，很明顯是為了引出下文。或者大家可以運(yùn)用排除法，文章主要對象是Netspeak ，而A，B兩項(xiàng)沒有提到 netspeak，故排除，又因?yàn)镃選項(xiàng)在感情色彩上是負(fù)面，與原文感情色彩相違背，故選D。2. C。判斷正誤題，也叫做細(xì)節(jié)推斷題，解題方法依據(jù)選項(xiàng)中的人物專有名詞來定位找要點(diǎn)，A 定位詞為CM在原文倒數(shù)第二個自然段出現(xiàn)，其中引號的句子中用了worries 與答案中的properly 相反，所以排除；B定位詞為GN和Standard English，文中出現(xiàn)Standard English是在倒數(shù)第二個自然段與CM相關(guān)的信息，所以此選項(xiàng)為典型的張冠李戴；D選項(xiàng)為片面的夸大其辭，文章層面只能看到language is changing 而沒有任何細(xì)節(jié)提到improving，所以根據(jù)文章第四自然段可以推斷出C為正確選項(xiàng)。3. A。概括歸納題。本題為短語推斷題，解題方法：結(jié)合上下文邏輯關(guān)系，上文提到年輕人會harming 語言，下文接著說當(dāng)他們成為父母后，“they too will think this way.(他們也會這么想)”，那么中間空出一定是強(qiáng)調(diào)，并突顯出下文，那么最滿足條件的解釋是A選項(xiàng)。4. B。概括歸納題。結(jié)合專家的觀點(diǎn)，從引號中的句子我們可以斷定，全文的中心思想是為了突顯出Netspeak的好。A選項(xiàng)文章沒有突顯出widelyused；C選項(xiàng)沒有重點(diǎn)提及到language learning；文章觀點(diǎn)很鮮明，并不是D選項(xiàng)正反觀點(diǎn)的論證。故選B?！灸芰x練】 D左欄是五個人物喜歡閱讀的書本的介紹，右欄是七位作家的描述。請將左欄的人物與右欄他們會感興趣的作家進(jìn)行配對。() 11. Mandy loves picture books. She dreams of being a writer of picture books one day, so after work, she often reads picture books from famous writers to get more ideas.() 12. Peter is studying science. He is very interested in the universe (宇宙) and likes reading science fictions in his free time.() 13. Mark enjoys writing. His favorite writer is Lu Xun. He likes reading books written by Lu Xun and wants to be a good writer like him some day.() 14. Sarah is an office worker. She is busy every day.But when she is free, she spends her free time reading love stories to relax herself.()15. Steve hopes to be a famous writer in the future. Every night before going to bed, he likes reading some famous books, especially the books written by Mo Yan.A. Arthur Charles Clarke is one of the worlds best writers of science fiction. His famous books are A Space Odyssey, Islands in the Sky and The City and the Stars.They tell us a lot about the universe.B.B. J. K Rowling is a British childrens writer. Her best famous books are the Harry Potter books series. They are very popular with children and become the bestselling book series in history.C. Lu Xun was one of the most famous Chinese writers in the 20th century. He was known as the father of modern Chinese literature (文學(xué)). Some of his novels were made into films such as The True Story of AH Q.D. Qiong Yao is one of the most famous writers of romantic novels in Taiwan. There are a lot of beautiful love stories in her novels.E. Mo Yan won the xx Nobel Prize for literature. In his writing, he describes his life experiences in the place where he was born. F. Guo Jingming is one of the most famous modern writers. His novels are very popular among the young and his novel Tiny Times is made into movies and becomes a big success.G. Jimmy is the best selling writer of picture books. He has created many famous picture books and one of the best selling books is Turn Left and Turn Right.參考答案1115 G A C D E【能力選練】 E（選自xx中考訓(xùn)練）閱讀下列材料，從A、B、C、D四個選項(xiàng)中選出最佳答案，Are you shy？If you are，you are not aloneIn fact，close to 50percent of people are shyAlmost 80percent of people feel shy at some point in their livesThese days，shyness is becoming more and more commonNow，scientists are trying to understand shynessThey have some interesting ideas about why people are shyIs it possible to be born shy？Many scientists say yesThey say 15to 20percent of babies behave shylyThese babies are a little quieter and more watchful than other babiesInterestingly，these shy babies usually have shy parentsAs a result，scientists think that some shyness is geneticFamily size might cause people to be shy as wellScientists at Harvard University studied shy childrenThey found that 66percent of them had older brothers and sistersAs a result，they became shyAt the same time，children with no brothers and sisters may be shy as wellGrowing up alone，they often play by themselvesThey are not able to learn the same social skills as children from big familiesYou may also be shy because of where you were bornWhen scientists studied shyness in different countriesThey found surprising differencesIn Japan，most people said they were shyBut in Israel，only one of three people said soWhat explains the difference？One scientist says the Japanese and Israelis have different opinions of failureIn Japan，when people do not succeed，they feel bad about themselvesThey blame（責(zé)備）themselves for their failureIn Israel，the opposite is trueIsraelis often blame failure on outside reasons，such as family，teachers，friends，or bad luckIn Israel，freedom of opinion and risk taking are strongly supportedThis may be why Israelis worry less about failure and are less shyFor shy people，it can be difficult to make friends，speak in class，and even get a good jobBut scientists say you can get over your shynessThey suggest trying new things and practicing conversationAnd dont forgetif you are shy，you are not the only one50What is the passage mainly about？BAHappiness BShyness CKindness Dloneliness51What does the underlined word“genetic”in paragraph 2probably mean？AAPassed down from parents BLearned from friendsCTaught by teachers DMade up by brothers52What can be learned from the passage？CAMost little babies are born shy and quietBIf you are shy now，you will be shy foreverCMany shy children have older brothers and sistersDMost Israeli people are shy of expressing opinions53We can learn from the passage thatB may cause shynessAgenetics，grownups and birthplace Bgenetics，family size and birthplaceCfamily size，grownups and failure Dgenetics，family size and freedom54Scientists suggest that shy people can get over their shyness byBAblaming their failure on outside reasonsBtrying new things and practicing conversationCgetting themselves away from their shy parentsDtrying to understand reasons for their shyness55Which of the following shows the structure（結(jié)構(gòu)）of the passage？（P=Paragraph）A【考點(diǎn)】科普知識類閱讀【分析】翻譯：你害羞嗎？如果是，不止你一個事實(shí)上，接近50%人害羞幾乎80%的人在他們的生活中感到害羞，現(xiàn)在，害羞越來越普遍科學(xué)家們正在試圖理解害羞他們有一些有趣的想法為什么人很害羞 它可能是出生就害羞？許多科學(xué)家說，他們說是的，百分之十五到百分之二十的嬰兒表現(xiàn)出害羞這些嬰兒比其他嬰兒安靜一點(diǎn)、更警惕有趣的是，這些害羞的孩子通常有害羞的父母因此，科學(xué)家們認(rèn)為有些害羞是遺傳 家庭成員的數(shù)量可能使人害羞科學(xué)家在哈佛大學(xué)研究害羞的孩子他們發(fā)現(xiàn)百分之六十六的有兄弟姐妹的孩子他們變得害羞同時，沒有兄弟姐妹的孩子，也害羞他們獨(dú)自成長，他們經(jīng)常自己玩來自大家庭的孩子他們不能夠?qū)W到同樣的社會技能你可能也會因?yàn)槟愕某錾囟π?，科學(xué)家們研究在不同的國家害羞他們發(fā)現(xiàn)了驚人的差異在日本，大多數(shù)人說他們很害羞但在以色列，只有三分之一的人這么說為什么會有這樣的區(qū)別？一位科學(xué)家說，日本和以色列對失敗有不同意見在日本，當(dāng)人們不成功，他們自我感覺不好他們責(zé)備他們自己的失敗在以色列，恰恰相反以色列人常常把自己的失敗歸咎于外部原因，如家庭，朋友，老師，或者運(yùn)氣不好在以色列，自由的觀點(diǎn)和冒險的精神強(qiáng)烈支持著他們這可能是為什么以色列人并不擔(dān)心失敗而不害羞對于害羞的人來說，交朋友，在課堂上演講，甚至得到一份好工作，都是很難的，但科學(xué)家說你可以克服你的羞怯，他們建議嘗試新事物，練習(xí)對話，不要忘記如果你是害羞的，你不是唯一的一個【解答】50B文章第一句話就問道“你害羞嗎？如果是，那么你不是一個人”接著文章介紹了可能導(dǎo)致害羞的三個原因，最后說害羞雖然有很多害處，但是可以改變的所以本文講的主要是害羞故選B51A前文說到Interestingly，these shy babies usually have shy parentsAs a result 有趣的是，這些害羞的嬰兒通常有害羞的父母，由此判斷“genetic”意為從父母傳下來的基因故選A52C文章第三段中提到They found that 66 percent of them had older brothers and sisters害羞的孩子中百分之六十六有哥哥或者姐姐文章中說有些孩子生下來會害羞和安靜，但不是大部分，排除A；害羞是可以改變的，排除B；以色列人表達(dá)觀點(diǎn)更自由更大膽，而不是更害羞，排除D；故選C53B文章的二三四段，分別介紹了可能導(dǎo)致害羞的三個原因分別是：基因、家庭人數(shù)和出生地，故選B54B文章最后一段說到They suggest trying new things and practicing conversation他們建議嘗試新事物，練習(xí)交談，這樣可以改變害羞的性格故選B55A文章第一段引出本文講述的主題：害羞，接著二三四段分別介紹了可能導(dǎo)致害羞的三個原因，分別是：基因、家庭人數(shù)和出生地，最后一段總結(jié)了害羞的害處和改變這種性格的辦法所以是總分總的結(jié)構(gòu)故選A【點(diǎn)評】首先理解問題，然后帶著問題快速閱讀短文，找出與問題有關(guān)的句子，并理解大意，最后仔細(xì)斟酌，找出答案，并核對