山東省濱州市2019年中考英語語法專項復習 語法二 介詞語法考點剖析.doc

介詞語法考點剖析考點一 時間介詞1in, on, atin, on, at用法年月周前要用in，具體日子要用on。at用在時刻前，亦與正午、午夜連。黎明終止和開端，at與之緊相伴。 今明昨天前后天，上下這那每之前，at, in, on都不填，此乃習慣記心間。2during, induring和in都表示一段時間。 但during更加強調時間的延續(xù)性，可以表示在一段時間內自始至終的狀態(tài)。 3for, sincefor和since表示的時間狀語都有延續(xù)之意，“for時間段”表示“延續(xù)多久”，作時間狀語時，句子可用過去時、完成時或將來時；since后接表示時間點的短語，意為“自從(過去某時)以來”，說明自過去某時延續(xù)至今的一段時間，常與完成時連用。4in, afterin和after后都可以接時間段，表示“(時間)之后”，in用于將來時，after用于過去時。5by, beforeby表示“截止；到為止”，包括其后的時間；before則表示“在某時之前”，不包括其后的時間。You should get your homework ready by Friday.你應該最遲于星期五把作業(yè)準備好。(包含星期五)Can you come and meet me before Friday？你能在星期五之前來見我嗎？(不包含星期五)1(xx山東東營廣饒模擬)Chinas first homebuilt aircraft carrier(航空母艦) hit the water in Dalian the morning of April 26, xx.Ain Bon Cat Dto2(xx山東濟南商河二模)We are going to give our English teacher a surprise Teachers Day.Aon Bat Cin Dby3(xx山東菏澤單縣模擬改編)It is believed that December 21st, 1891, the first basketball game in history was played.Ain Bat Con Dof4(xx安徽蚌埠禹會二模改編)Mr.Brown arrived at the airport 5 oclock on the evening of Saturday.Ain Bon Cat Dof5(xx安徽蚌埠懷遠檢測)What time do you expect me to finish the task?Say, two hours.Abefore Bat Cfor Din6(xx四川內江中考)The accident took place a cold November evening.Aon Bin Cat Dfor7(xx江蘇南京中考)Neil Armstrong was the first man to walk on the moon 20 July 1969.Ain Bon Cat Dfor考點二 方位介詞1across, through, pastacross強調從表面橫過；through強調從內部穿過；past強調從旁邊經(jīng)過。2in, on, over, abovein“在里面”，通常指被包含在某物之內；on“在上面”，與表面有接觸，反義詞是beneath；over“在之上”，指在物體的正上方或覆蓋在物體表面，反義詞是under；above“在之上；高于”，指在上方，不一定是垂直的正上方，其反義詞是below。3between, among表示在兩者之間用between；在三者或三者以上之間用among。4in/on/to方位名詞的用法in表示A地在B地范圍之內Taiwan is in the southeast of China.臺灣位于中國東南部。on表示A地與B地接壤、毗鄰Canada is on the north of America.加拿大位于美國北部。to表示A地在B地范圍之外，即二者之間有距離間隔Haikou lies to the south of Guangzhou.?？谖挥趶V州南部。1(xx甘肅白銀中考)The earth goes the sun.Aaround Bthrough Cbetween Dacross2(xx天津中考)In the picture, he sits me, looking very happy.Abeside BamongCup Dthrough3(xx重慶中考B卷)Excuse me, is there a computer room in your school?Yes. Its the fifth floor.Aon Bin Cat Dto4(xx山東德州中考)A woman stood the window, watching the children playing games in the garden.Apast Bthrough Cacross Dby5(2019原創(chuàng))Hong Kong is in the south of China, and Macao lies the west of Hong Kong.Ato Bat Cin Don6(xx四川成都中考改編)I cant see Lucy because she is the tree.Ain front of BbehindCnext to Dbefore7(xx上海中考)Shirley is still waiting for her flight to New York City the airport.Aat Bunder Con Dwith8(2019原創(chuàng))The moonlight is shining in the window. Everything in the room looks nice.Aover Bacross Cthrough Dpast考點三 表示方式、手段或工具的介詞1交通方式：by, in, onby交通工具的單數(shù)形式；on/in限定詞交通工具的單數(shù)形式。I go to school by bike.I go to school on my bike.2表“用”時，可用“with工具、手段”“by交通工具(單數(shù))”“in語言、嗓音”。My daughter bought some books with the money she had saved.我女兒用她節(jié)省的錢買了些書。He told us something interesting in Japanese.他用日語告訴了我們一些有趣的事情。As a middle school student, dont write with a pencil.作為一個中學生，不要用鉛筆寫字。He always goes to school by bus.他總是坐公共汽車去學校?！咎嵝选?with可以表示“帶有”。Mr Green has a big house with a garden.格林先生有一所帶花園的房子。1(2019原創(chuàng))I made coat with my hands. It was made hand not with a machine.Ain Bon Cby Dwith2(2019原創(chuàng))We are asked to write ink, that is, with a pen.Awith Bby Cin Don3(xx河南商丘柘城模擬)How do you learn English?I study English talking with foreign students.Aat Bin Cby Don4(2019原創(chuàng))Can you answer the question French?Aby Bwith Cfrom Din5(2019原創(chuàng))Tom went to school his bike, and I in my fathers car.Ain Bby Con Dwith考點四 其他常考介詞1without“沒有”，后面接名詞或動名詞。She just left without saying a word.她一句話也沒說就走了。2including“包含；包括”The price is $100, including your meals.價錢是100美元，包括你的飯錢。3with“和；具有，帶有；用，以；由于”，常表示伴隨。She came back with a letter in her hand.她手里拿著一封信回來了。4against“反對；靠著，倚著”，反義詞為for，表示“支持”。There is a ladder against the wall.有架梯子靠在墻上。5except, except for, but, besides(1)except表示“除之外(不再有)”，強調不被包括在內。The office is open every day except Sundays.辦事處除了星期天以外天天開門。(2)except for“除之外”，表示整體情況良好，局部出現(xiàn)問題。The article is good except for some spelling mistakes.除了一些拼寫錯誤，這個文章整體還是很好的。(3)but與except同義，表示“除了”，常用于no one, nobody, all等代詞后。Theres no one but me.這里除了我沒有別人。(4)besides“除之外還有”。What languages do you know besides Chinese and English？除了漢語和英語以外你還懂什么語言？6as作介詞，意思是“作為；以身份”。He came to China as a tourist five years ago.他五年前以游客的身份來過中國。English is used as a foreign language in our country.英語作為一門外語在我國被使用。7in front of 與in the front of in front of “在的前面”，指某一范圍以外的前面，反義詞是behind; in the front of.“在的前面”，指某一范圍以內的前面，反義詞是at the back of。 Miss Gao is standing at the front of the classroom. 高老師站在教室的前面。(指某一范圍內的前面)There is a tall tree in front of the house. 房子前面有一棵大樹。(指某一范圍以外的前面)8on the tree指在樹上的東西本身是樹的一部分(如葉子、果實)in the tree指在樹上的東西本身不是樹的一部分(如鳥、人)Therere some apples on the tree.樹上有幾個蘋果。Theres a bird in the tree.樹上有只鳥。1(xx安徽亳州利辛5月模擬)Your math is good. Do you have any special ways to learn it?No. Remember: nothing can be learned hard work.Aagainst Bwith Cthrough Dwithout2(2019預測)I gave the tickets to all the students the ones who had already taken them.Aexcept Bbeyond Cwith Damong3(2019預測)Thirty passengers were hurt, five children.Ainclude BincludingCincluded Dincludes考點五 介詞短語a bit (of)有一點兒after a while過了一會兒a little一點兒all kinds of 各種類型的；各種各樣的a lot of許多a pair of 一雙a set of 一套；一副；一組around the world 世界各地as long as只要；既然at first起先；首先at last最后at least至少；不少于；起碼at night/noon在夜里/中午at once立刻at the age of.在歲時at the beginning of.在之初at the end of.在之末at the foot of.在腳下at the same time同時at/on the weekend在周末 because of因為be different from. 與不同；與有差異be interested in. 對感興趣be made of.由制成的be similar to.與相像的、類似的be sure about 確信；對有把握between.and.在和之間by bike/air/train/bus/sea騎自行車/乘飛機/火車/汽車/船by the end of.到底為止by the way順便說 by the window在窗邊 far away from遠離 for example例如for sure 無疑；肯定from now on從現(xiàn)在起 from then on從那時起 from.to. 從到in a hurry匆忙in all總共in (great) danger處于(極大)危險之中in English 用英語in fact確切地說；事實上，實際上in the countryside在鄉(xiāng)下；在農(nóng)村in the middle of.在中間 in time及時in order to為了in public公眾；公開地 in surprise驚奇地 in the end 最后in turn依次 less than少于little by little逐漸地more than 多于of course當然one (large) bowl of.一(大)碗on foot步行；走路 on ones way to.某人在去的路上 on the left/right在左(右)邊 on the other hand另一方面on the other side of.在另一邊 on time按時so far到目前為止；迄今為止 such as例如；像這樣the same as.和相同；與一致thanks to幸虧to ones joy/surprise使某人高興/驚訝的是 with a smile面帶笑容 with ones help/with the help of sb.在某人的幫助下；由于某人的幫助with ones own eyes親眼所見 1(2019預測)How many teachers are there in your school, Emma?There are 120 teachers ， eighty women teachers and forty men teachers.Ain person Bin dangerCin total Din public2(xx安徽蕪湖繁昌二模)To protect the environment, we are encouraged to use china cups the paper ones.Aaccording to Binstead ofCsuch as Dtogether with3(xx湖北孝感中考)Its not necessary to find a friend who is the same you.Ain Bas Cto Dfrom4(xx福建中考改編)Blue whales are . We should try to protect them.Ain time Bin publicCin danger Din fact5(xx山西中考改編)In China, we are using the FAST to find stars . Now more and more people want to know about the largest radio telescope(望遠鏡) in the world.Ain person Bin publicCin space Din time參考答案【語法考點剖析】考點一15 BACCD67 AB考點二15 AAADA68 BAC考點三15 CCCDC考點四13 DAB考點五15 CBBCC