2018秋高中英語 Unit 5 Nelson Mandela-a modern hero同步練習 新人教版必修1.doc

Unit 5 Nelson Mandelaa modern hero話題誦讀 日積月累Nelson Mandela is one of the greatest people in the world.For many reasons he is a huge hero.He is a person all of us can learn many lessons from.He has seen almost everything in his life，from being treated badly to being president of the country he loves.He retired in 1999 but continues to travel the world helping people.Nelson was born in 1918 in South Africa.He first became a lawyer.This led to his involvement in the African National Congress(ANC)，which he later became the leader of.The South African government did its best to keep Mandela from spreading his message of equality for blacks.It put him in prison for 27 years.He became famous around the world.Mandela was released from prison in 1990.His neverending hope won him the hearts of millions.He received the Nobel Peace Prize in 1993.A year later，he was elected to be his countrys first ever black president.He died on December 5th，2013 at the age of 95.By the time of his death，Mandela had e to be widely considered both “the father of the nation，” and “the founding father of democracy” within in South Africa.詞海拾貝1involvement n卷入；牽連；參與2equality n平等，相等3release vt.釋放；讓與；準予發(fā)表；發(fā)射4elect vt.選舉；選擇5lead to導致問題思考1Why is Nelson Mandela regarded as one of the greatest people in the world?_答案：He devotes his whole life to helping black people enjoy equal rights.He travels around the world helping people.2What does the passage mainly talk about?_答案：Brief introduction to Nelson Mandela.自主預習 步步提高詞匯識記.將單詞與其正確釋義配對1meanA法律的；依照法律的2selfish B投票；選舉3lawyer C暴力；暴行4legal D聯(lián)盟；同盟5fee E律師6league F學費；會費；酬金7violence G不公正的；不公平的8vote H樂意的；自愿的9willing I自私的10unfair J吝嗇的；卑鄙的答案：1.J2.I3.E4.A5.F6.D7.C8.B9.H10.G.根據(jù)所給漢語提示寫出單詞1_n品質(zhì)；質(zhì)量；性質(zhì)2_adj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的3_adj.積極的；活躍的4_adj.慷慨的；大方的5_n自我；自身_adj.自私的_adj.無私的；忘我的_adv.無私地；忘我地6_vt.獻身；專心于_adj.忠實的；深愛的7_n法則；原則；原理8_adj.和平的；平靜的；安寧的_n和平9_adj.法律的；依照法律的_adj.非法的10_n舞臺；階段；時期11_vt.&vi.投票；選舉n投票；選票；表決12_vt.進攻；抨擊；攻擊13_n暴力；暴行_adj.暴力的；猛烈的14_adj.相等的；平等的15_adj.樂意的；自愿的答案：1.quality2.mean3.active4.generous5.selfselfishselflessselflessly6.devotedevoted7principle8.peacefulpeace9.legalillegal10stage11.vote12.attack13.violenceviolent14equal15.willing.根據(jù)漢語提示寫出正確的單詞1Everyone can greatly improve the_(質(zhì)量)of life.2panies need to take_(積極的)steps to increase exports.3He is a_(慷慨的)man，who often helps others.4He decided to_(獻身)the rest of his life to scientific research.5The animals look_(平靜的)and happy.6Here is a good reason to be_(有希望的) about the future.7If you dont like it，dont _(投票)for him.8Three people were injured in the_(攻擊)9We are_(平等的)in every way.10Im perfectly_(愿意)to discuss the problem.答案：1.quality2.active3.generous4.devote5peaceful6.hopeful7.vote8.attack9equal10.willing.選詞填空(注意形式的變化)lose heart；in ones opinion；e to power；set up；be sentenced to；be willing to；out of work；as a matter of fact；in trouble；turn to1I thought you wouldnt mind.Well，_，I dont，but you should have asked me first.2If you cant pay the bill，youre going to be_3In this city，nearly one third of the population is_ and they have nothing to do every day.4With no one to_ in her difficult times，my mother felt bad.5The pany_ provide us with what we needed.6He_ his own business after he graduated from university.7They didnt_though they suffered so many failures.8Its a terrible shame，_，that the building was knocked down.9She married a young man who was once a thief and_ prison for two years.10After the new president_，he made a wonderful speech.答案：1.as a matter of fact2.in trouble3.out of work4.turn to5.is willing to6.set up7.lose heart8in my opinion9.was sentenced to10.came to power語篇理解.Skimming for the main information 1.Match the main idea of each paragraph.Paras.1，2_ AThe change of Elias life after he met Nelson Mandela and what Mandela did.Paras.35_ BThe life of Elias before meeting Nelson Mandela.答案：1.Paras.1，2BParas.35A2What does the passage mainly tell us?A. A black man named Elias and his hard life in South Africa.BMr Mandelas lifelong struggle for the black peoples rights.CElias description of his contact with Mr Mandela.DThe deep friendship between Elias and Mr Mandela.答案：C.Scanning for detailed information1Why did Elias have to leave school?AHe didnt have a passbook.BHis home was far from the school.CHis family couldnt afford the school fees.DHe couldnt read or write.2Nelson Mandela opened a black law firm in order to_Amake moneyBhelp the poor black people with their problemsCmake himself famousDstudy law3How did Nelson Mandela help Elias keep his job?AHe talked with Elias boss.BHe helped him get the correct papers.CHe lent him some money.DHe asked him to go to court.4Why did Elias help Nelson Mandela blow up some government buildings?AHe liked violence.BIt was not dangerous.CIt was a way to make black and white people equal.DHe wanted to be famous.5What dream did Nelson Mandela have?ATo bee the president of South Africa. BTo win the Nobel Peace Prize.CTo make black and white people equal.DTo blow up some government building.答案：1.C2.B3.B4.C5.C.Intensive reading to finish the passageEllas is a poor 1._worker in South Africa.He began school at six years old and 2._ school two years later because his family couldnt afford the school 3._and the bus fare.After trying hard，he got a job in a 4._ mine.At that time because he didnt have a 5._ to live in Johannesburg，he would probably bee out of 6._He first met Mandela at twelve years old，in the year 1952，when Mandela was a black 7._.Mandela helped poor black people to solve their 8._matters.Mandela told Elias how to get the correct papers so he could stay in Johannesburg.Elias joined the ANC Youth League 9._by Mandela to realize their dream of making black and white people 10._答案：1.black2.left3.fees4.gold5.passbook6work7.lawyer8.legal9.organized10.equal閱讀素養(yǎng)提升1Do you think its fair to treat other people badly only because they are black?_答案：No，I think all of us human beings are born equal.2What good qualities can you learn from Nelson Mandela?_答案：Selfless，determined，hardworking，brave，easygoing，kind.精讀難句透析1However，this was a time when one had got to have a passbook to live in Johannesburg.分析：本句是主從復合句。_是先行詞，_引導的是定語從句且在從句中作狀語。譯文：_答案：a timewhen譯文：然而，那時要有所需證件才能住在約翰內(nèi)斯堡。2Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would bee out of work.分析：本句是并列句。_連接了兩個并列分句，在第一個分句中，_引導的是原因狀語從句。在第二個分句中，_引導的是賓語從句。譯文：_答案：andbecausewhether譯文：遺憾的是我沒有這個證件，因為我不是在那里出生的，我很擔心我是否會失業(yè)。3But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.分析：本句是主從復合句。_是主句。_引導的是原因狀語從句，_是省略了連詞that的賓語從句。譯文：_答案：But I was happy to helpbecauseit would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal譯文：但是我樂于幫忙，因為我知道這將幫助我們實現(xiàn)黑人和白人平等的夢想。知識聚焦 講練互動要點直擊1mean adj.吝嗇的；自私的；卑鄙的；刻薄的v意思是；意欲，打算；意味著 歸納拓展(1)be mean to sb對某人吝嗇/自私/卑鄙be mean with/about sth對很吝嗇(2)mean vt.意指，意味著，意思是(1)Shes always been _ with money.她在花錢方面總是非常吝嗇。(2)Dont _ so _ your little brother!別對你弟弟那么刻??！(3)She _ a nurse.她根本就不是當護士的料。答案：(1)mean(2)bemean to(3)was never meant for 即學即練單句語法填空。(1)Missing the train means_(wait) for an hour.(2)Please by all_(mean) hand in the report on time.(3)I meant_(e)，but a friend went to visit me.(4)He is mean_ all the people around him.答案：(1)waiting(2)means(3)to e(4)to2A great person is someone who devotes his/her life to helping others.偉人是把自己的一生致力于幫助別人的人。 歸納拓展devote vt.獻身于；專心于devote time(money，energy，etc.)to(doing) sth 把時間(錢、精力等)獻給(做)某事devote oneself to(doing sth)be devoted to獻身于；致力于devoted adj.忠實的；深愛的devotion n奉獻；關愛(1)Neighbours devoted their spare time to helping others rebuild.鄰居們利用他們的業(yè)余時間幫助他人重建。(2)You will never gain success unless you are fully devoted to your work.除非你完全投入到你的工作中，否則你就永遠不會取得成功。(3)Mothers devotion to children can hardly be calculated.母親對孩子的關愛無法估量 即學即練單句語法填空。(1)_(devote) to caring for the poor，Mother Teresa is greatly respected throughout the world.(2)He devoted all the money he had to_(set) up a house.(3)Her devotion_ the job left her with little time.(4)She devoted_(she) to helping the poor.答案：(1)Devoted(2)setting(3)to(4)herself3It was a prison from which no one escaped.這是一座任何人都無法逃出的監(jiān)獄。 歸納拓展escape vi.& vt.逃脫；逃走；避開；泄露；被忘掉n逃跑；逃脫escape from從逃脫；逃跑escapen./doing sth 避開(做)某事escape death 死里逃生a narrow escape九死一生(1)It was a prison from which no one escaped.那是一座任何人都逃不出去的監(jiān)獄。(2)She managed to escape from the burning car.她設法從燃燒的汽車中逃了出來。(3)He had a narrow escape in the big fire.他在大火中死里逃生。 即學即練單句語法填空。(1)You shouldnt escape_(do) the work.(2)Time is something_ which we cant escape.答案：(1)doing(2)from4But I was happy to help because I knew it would help us achieve our dream of making black and white people equal.但是，我樂于幫忙，因為我知道，這將有助于實現(xiàn)我們黑人和白人平等的夢想。 歸納拓展equal adj.平等的；相等的v等于；比得上，敵得過n同等的人；相等物be equal to勝任；相等equal sb in sth 在某方面與某人匹敵be without equal/have no equal無與倫比；無敵equally adv.平等地；同樣地equality n平等；相等(1)The two rooms are of _ size.這兩個房間大小一樣。(2)Nobody can _ him _ strength.沒有人能比得上他的力氣。(3)His paintings _ in the western world.他的畫在西方世界無與倫比。答案：(1)equal(2)equalin(3)are without equal 即學即練句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)She is not fit for the job.She is not_ the job.(2)Three plus two equals five.Three plus two_ five.(3)No one can match him in dancing.No one can_ him_ dancing.單句語法填空。(4)I like it_(equal) with you.(5)In order to pete with others，the restaurant should improve the_(equal)of its service.(6)Bill is quite equal_running the office.(7)Tom is equal John_ the ability of dealing with such cases.答案：(1)equal to(2)is equal to(3)equalin(4)equally(5)equality(6)to(7)in5They said that the job and the pay from the new South African government were my reward after working all my life for equal rights for the Blacks.他們說，從南非新政府得到的這份工作和報酬是我畢生為爭取黑人的平等權利而斗爭所得到的回報。 歸納拓展reward n報酬；獎金vt.酬勞；獎賞in reward(for)in return (for)作為(對的)報答reward sb with.for(doing)sth為(做)某事而以報答某人(1)She got nothing in reward for her kindness.她的好心沒有得到一點回報。(2)The authors mother rewarded him with books.作者的母親用書來獎賞他。(3)She was highly rewarded for her efforts.由于她的努力，她收到了很高的回報。 易混辨析reward/award/prizereward報答；報酬；獎賞，表示由于做了某事而應該得到的東西award獎項；獎品，指正式的或官方頒發(fā)、授予；也可以指法庭裁決給予prize獎賞；獎金；獎品，尤指在比賽中獲得的榮譽 即學即練用reward，award，prize填空。(1)A(n)_ was given to the person who had the winning number.(2)Is that how you_ me for my help?(3)The Olympic winner received a gold medal as a(n)_(4)She offered a(n)_of $500 for the return of the lost necklace.單句改錯。(5)They rewarded the winners gifts of fruits and flowers._答案：(1)prize(2)reward(3)award(4)reward(5)winners后加with6Sadly I did not have one because I was not born there，and I worried about whether I would bee out of work.糟糕的是我沒有身份證，因為我不是在那里出生的，因而我擔心是否會失業(yè)。 歸納拓展out of work失業(yè)out of a job失業(yè)out of breath上氣不接下氣out of order出故障out of control失控out of danger脫離危險(1)Work hard，or you will be _好好干，不然你會失業(yè)的。(2)The machine was _這臺機器出了故障。答案：(1)out of work(2)out of order 即學即練完成句子。(1)It was the third time that he_ that year.這是他那一年第三次失業(yè)了。用out of的短語填空。(2)The car went_ and knocked into the side of a bus.(3)Hes still in hospital but_(4)The mile run left Bill_(5)My clock was_and waked me up at 3：00 this morning.答案：(1)had been out of work(2)out of control(3)out of danger(4)out of breath(5)out of order7Why did Nelson Mandela turn to violence to make black and white people equal?為什么納爾遜曼德拉會使用暴力來使黑人和白人平等？ 歸納拓展turn to求助于；致力于；轉(zhuǎn)向；翻至(某一頁)turn around/round轉(zhuǎn)過去；轉(zhuǎn)身turn down拒絕；把調(diào)低turn in上交turn off關閉turn on打開turn over翻過來；移交turn out生產(chǎn)；制造；結(jié)果是turn up調(diào)高；出現(xiàn)(1)The child _ his mother for fort.那個孩子向他的母親尋求安慰。(2)I_invitations to go out for breakfastthat would require getting up too early on weekend mornings.我拒絕了外出吃早飯的邀請，因為那樣的話，周末要起得很早。(3)The job _ harder than we thought.這份工作結(jié)果比我們想的要難。答案：(1)turned to(2)turned down(3)turned out(to be) 即學即練用turn短語的適當形式填空。(1)You can_ your teacher for help if you are in trouble.(2)Those who want to go are to_ their applications before Friday.(3)Dont worry.All will_ right.(4)The boy wanted to join the army but_because he was under age.(5)He promised to e，but hasnt_ by now.一句多譯。閱讀中遇到生詞時，不要老是查詞典。(6)You should not always_the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.You should not always_in the dictionary when you meet new words in reading.答案：(1)turn to(2)turn in(3)turn out(4)was turned down(5)turned up(6)turn/refer tolook them up8The scientist from whom.never lost heart when he was in trouble.的科學家當陷入麻煩時不灰心。 歸納拓展lose heart喪失勇氣或信心；泄氣lose ones heart to愛上；傾心于learn sth by heart背誦；牢記put ones heart into專心于break sbs heart使某人很傷心heart and soul全心全意；完全地(1)Dont _ when in face of difficulty，for a way out will e up.面對困難時不要泄氣，總能想出解決的辦法。(2)She _ the soldier.她愛上了那位戰(zhàn)士。(3)You should learn English _你應該用心學習英語。答案：(1)lose heart(2)lost her heart to(3)by heart 即學即練用適當?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空。(1)Youd better put your heart_ your studies.(2)Whatever we do，we should do it_heart.單句改錯。(3)My parents often tell me never lose heart when I face difficulty._答案：(1)into(2)by(3)lose前加to9I did not work again for twenty years until Mr Mandela and the ANC came to power in 1994.在曼德拉和非國大于1994年掌權之前，我有20年沒有再工作了。 歸納拓展e to powere into power當權；上臺(表示動作)be in power當權(表示狀態(tài))lose power下臺；失去權利be beyond ones power to do sth某人無權(無能力)做某事(1)The government_ in 2012.That is，it_ for more than six years.本屆政府2012年上臺，也就是說，已經(jīng)執(zhí)政6年多了。(2)Its _ to understand how the puter works.我不懂電腦運行原理。答案：(1)came to powerhas been in power(2)beyond my power 即學即練單句語法填空。(1)He has been_ power for fifty years.單句改錯。(2)He promised that once he came in power，he would set out to improve the living conditions._答案：(1)in(2)ininto/to101952 set up law office to help poor black people in Johannesburg.1952年(他)成立律師事務所來幫助約翰內(nèi)斯堡的貧窮黑人 歸納拓展set up設立；建立set down寫下；記下set about開始做，著手set aside把放在一邊；省出；留出set off出發(fā)；動身；使爆炸；引起；激發(fā)set out出發(fā)；動身；擺放；陳列；開始；著手注：set about doing sthset out to do sth開始著手做某事(about為介詞，而out為副詞)(1)A fund will _ for the dead mens families.將為死者家屬設立一項基金。(2)I must _ my packing.我必須開始收拾行李了。(3)She _ a bit of money every month.她每個月都存一點兒錢。答案：(1)be set up(2)set about(3)sets aside 即學即練用適當?shù)慕椤⒏痹~填空。(1)They will set_ for Paris next week.(2)Once I realized what was wrong，I set_ correcting it.(3)Having made the plan，she set_ to carry it out.(4)You had better set your idea_before you forget it.單句改錯。(5)My dream is set up a school for young children._答案：(1)off(2)about(3)out(4)down(5)is后加to11The last thirty years have seen the greatest number of laws stopping our rights and progress，until today we have reached a stage where we have almost no rights at all.過去30年來所出現(xiàn)的大量法律剝奪我們的權利，阻擋我們的進步，一直到今天，我們還處在幾乎什么權利都沒有的階段。句式分析(1)該句是一個無生命的名詞作主語的句式，在理解這類句子時一定要正確把握英漢兩種語言的不同表達習慣。這類句子的謂語動詞常用see，find，witness，observe等，意為“發(fā)生，見證；經(jīng)歷”；這種句式能達到一種使句子更加生動的修辭效果。(2)where we have almost no rights at all是定語從句，修飾先行詞stage。當先行詞為stage，case，situation，position，activity，work等抽象地點名詞，且定語從句中缺少狀語時，用where引導定語從句。(1)_ a little girl crying in the street.黃昏時分一個小女孩在街上哭。(2)_ the founding of the Peoples Republic of China.1949年中華人民共和國成立了。(3)_ the death of his mother.第二年他的母親去世了。(4)At that time we had reached _ we had more black readers than white ones.那時候我們已到了黑人讀者比白人讀者還要多的階段。答案：(1)The dusk found(2)The year 1949 witnessed(3)The following year saw(4)a stage where 即學即練句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)Great changes have taken place in the city of Beijing since 1982.The city of Beijing _since 1982.用適當?shù)年P系詞填空。(2)Sales director is a position_munication ability is just as important as sales.(3)The CEO of the pany is a job _/_ _ many abilities are required to deal with all types of problems.答案：(1)has seen great changes(2)where(3)where/in which12.only then did we decide to answer violence with violence.只有到這個時候，我們才決定用暴力反抗暴力。句式分析在英語句子中，為了表示強調(diào)，把“only狀語(副詞/介詞短語/從句)”置于句首，主句要用部分倒裝形式，即把主句中的助動詞、情態(tài)動詞或系動詞提到主語前面。該句的正常語序是：.we decided to answer violence with violence only then.(1)Only yesterday _ him the truth，which was a big surprise.昨天他父親才把真相告訴他，這對他真是一個令人吃驚的消息。(2)Only by shouting _ able to make people on the other side of the river hear him.他只有靠大聲叫喊才能使河對岸的人們聽到他的聲音。答案：(1)did his father tell(2)was he名師點津：若only修飾主語，即使在句首也不倒裝。 即學即練句型轉(zhuǎn)換。(1)She realized she was wrong only at that time.Only at that time_she was wrong.完成句子。(2)Only_the work in an hour.只有她能在一小時內(nèi)完成這項工作。答案：(1)did she realize(2)she can finish13I felt bad the first time I talked to a group.第一次與一群人說話時我感到不舒服。 歸納拓展(1)本句含有一個由the first time引導的時間狀語從句。the first time用作連詞引導時間狀語從句，意為“第一次時”，而for the first time是介詞短語，意為“第一次”，在句子中作狀語。(2)引導時間狀語從句的短語或詞還有every time，each time，the last time，the moment，the minute，immediately，directly，instantly等，它們起從屬連詞的作用。(1)_ I saw Suzy Khan，I knew I had to help her.第一次見到韓秀智，我就知道我必須幫她。(2)He started _ he heard the report.他一聽到報告就動身了。(3)He paid back the money he owed us _ he returned home.他一回到家就把欠我們的錢還上了。答案：(1)The first time(2)the instant(3)immediately 即學即練選詞填空(the first time，for the first time)。(1)She fell in love with the young man when she saw him _(2)This is _ that we have seen a film in the cinema together as a fami