高二人教版英語必修五練習：Unit 1 Great Scientists section 1 Word版含答案精修版

人教版英語精品資料（精修版）Unit 1 Section .單詞拼寫1_(暴露)to so many advertisements, we can't help being persuaded to buy something we don't really need.2Has the government_(宣布) that they will build a new highway to the mountain?3The babies are well_(照顧) in the popular nursery.4Finding a solution to this problem is one of the greatest_(挑戰(zhàn))faced byscientists today.5He_(結束) his speech with an interesting story.6He works in a sports centre i_ people in the use of the gym equipment.7The army was welltrained and wellarmed, and had little difficulty d_the enemy.8The drug is s_of causing over 200 deaths.9The doctor is wellknown for having c_ some people of the deadly disease.10Those who can f_difficulties on their way to success may keep calm when they really appear.答案：1.Exposed2.announced3.attended4.challenges5concluded6.instructing7.defeating8.suspected9cured10.foresee.選詞填空be exposed to，draw a conclusion，look into，put forward，be absorbed into，be to blame1The cream_the skin easily.2The idea you_at the meeting yesterday is more practical than his.3The public want to know who_for the accident.4The doctor examined the patient carefully and then_.5The police promised to_the accident.6It is very dangerous to_patients with Ebola viruses(埃博拉病毒)without any protection.答案：1.is absorbed into2.put forward3.is to blame4.drew a conclusion5.look into6.be exposed to.完成句子1Why did you _ _ (提出) such a view at yesterday's meeting?2I _ _ _ _ (正入神地讀) this book that I didn't hear you come in.3Were you_ _(注意聽)what she was saying?4They _ _ _ (得出了不同的結論) from the facts.5We must send someone to _ _ (調查) the matter.6It is a serious illness, but _ _ _ (能被治愈)7_ _(每次)I catch a cold, I always drink much water.8We don't know who is_ _ _(負責)the accident.答案：1.put forward2.was so absorbed in3.attending to4.draw different conclusions5.look into6.can be cured7.Every time8.to blame for.完形填空I recently heard a story about afamous scientist who had made several very important medical breakthroughs(突破)He was being interviewed by a reporter who asked him_1_he thought he was able to be so much more_2_than the average person.He responded that it all came from a(n)_3_with his mother that occurred when he was about 2. He had been trying to_4_milk from the fridge when he_5_the slippery(光滑的) bottle, its contents running all over the kitchen floor.When his mother came in，_6_shouting at him or giving him a lecture, she said, “Robert，what a great and wonderful_7_you have made! I have_8_seen such a huge pool of milk. Well, the damage has already been_9_. Would you like to get down and_10_in the milk for a few minutes before we clean it up？”Indeed, he did.After a few minutes, his mother said, “Robert, whenever you make a mess like this, eventually you have to restore everything to its proper order. So, how would you like to do that? We could use a sponge(海綿), a towel or a mop. Which do you prefer？” He chose the sponge.His mother then said, “You know, what we have here is a_11_experiment in how to effectively carry a big milk bottle with two_12_hands. Let's go out in the backyard and fill the bottle with water and see if you can_13_.”The little boy learned that if he_14_the bottle at the top near the lip with both hands, he could carry it without dropping it. What a wonderful_15_！This scientist then said that it was at that moment that he knew he didn't need to be_16_to make mistakes. Instead, he learned that mistakes were just _17_for learning something new, which is, _18_，what scientific experiments are all about. Even if the experiment “doesn't_19_”， we usually learn something_20_from it.文章大意：一位科學家為什么能夠與眾不同？這與他母親的教育有關。兩歲時，他把奶瓶掉在地上，牛奶撒了一地，媽媽沒有批評他，反而鼓勵他嘗試如何把瓶子抓好，因為錯誤往往是學習新知識的良機。媽媽的做法也培養(yǎng)了他勇敢地面對失敗、敢于擔當的品質。1A.whyBwhatCwhenDhow答案：A句意：記者采訪他，為什么他認為他能夠比一般人更有創(chuàng)造力。代入四個選項可知，why(為什么)符合句意，故選A。2A.cleverBableCcreative Dhonest答案：C第一句話說了他有幾項重要的醫(yī)學突破，這應該離不開一種創(chuàng)造力。clever“聰明的”；able“有能力的”；creative“有創(chuàng)造力的”；honest“誠實的”，故選C。3A.lessonBexperienceCaccident Dconflict答案：B句意：他回應道：這完全來自于他兩歲時和媽媽在一起的一次經歷。根據后面科學家的一段經歷可知，B項符合句意。lesson“教訓”；experience“經歷”；accident“事故”；conflict“沖突”。4A.carryBbringCremove Dfetch答案：C句意：他一直盡力把牛奶從冰箱里拿出來，此時瓶子從手中滑落。carry“攜帶”；bring“帶來”；remove“移動”；fetch“取來”。remove.from是固定搭配，意思是“從地方拿走/移開”，故選C。5A.fellBlostCescaped Ddropped答案：D根據后文語境“he could carry it without dropping it”可知，他把瓶子掉到地上了。故選D。drop與fall兩者都可表示“掉，落”，區(qū)別如下：fall表示“落下”，多指無意識的行為，有自然墜落之意，且通常是不及物動詞；drop既可指無意的行為，即表示“落下(不及物)”，也可指有意的行為，即表示“投下(及物)”。6A.rather thanBinstead ofCother thanDin place of答案：B媽媽沒有因為奶瓶掉了，牛奶撒了一地而對他喊叫或者講一番道理。rather than“而不是”；instead of“代替，而不是”；other than“除了，不同于”；in place of“人或物替代其他人或物”。7A.picture BmassCmapDmess答案：D句意：你弄得可真夠亂的。下文媽媽提到“make a mess”。make a mess是固定搭配，意思是“搞得亂七八糟”。故選D。picture“照片”；mass“團，塊”；map“地圖”；mess“臟亂；混亂”。8A.rarelyBhappilyCfrequentlyDangrily答案：A句意：“我”很少見到這么一大攤牛奶。rarely“很少地”；happily“高興地”；frequently“經常地”；angrily“生氣地”。9A.gotBsuffered CdoneDreceived答案：C句意：既然已經造成了損害。suffer“遭受”；do damage是固定搭配，意為“損害”，這里用了被動形式，故選C。10A.jumpBplayCenjoyDlay答案：B句意：你愿意在牛奶中玩一會兒然后我們再收拾干凈嗎？jump“跳”，play“玩”；enjoy“喜歡”；lay“放置”。get down and play 相當于get down to playing，故選B。11A.failedBsuccessfulCfantasticDpainful答案：A他把奶瓶掉在地上，所以應該說是一次失敗的經歷。failed“失敗的”；successful“成功的”；fantastic“不可思議的”；painful“痛苦的”，故選A。12A.strong BtinyCthinDweak答案：B前文提到他當時只有兩歲，所以他的手應該是小的：tiny“小的”。故選B。strong“強壯的”；thin“瘦的”；weak“弱的”。13A.get it Bput itCtry itDmake it答案：D句意：咱們到院子里，把瓶子里裝滿水，看看你能不能做好。get it“明白了”；put it“放”；try it“試試看”，make it“成功”。14A.controlledBpossessedCbrokeDgrasped答案：D句意：小男孩學會了如果他兩只手抓住上邊靠近瓶口的地方，他就可以抓住奶瓶不掉落了。control“控制”；possess“擁有”；break“打碎”；grasp“掌握，抓住”，故選D。15A.example BteachingClessonDinstruction答案：C通過自己親手做讓孩子知道怎么做，這一課上得很精彩。example“例子”；teaching“教學”；lesson“課，教訓”；instruction“命令；指示”，故選C。16A.anxious BnervousCfearfulDafraid答案：D句意：科學家在那一刻也明白了他不必害怕犯錯誤。anxious“焦慮的”；nervous“緊張的”；fearful“可怕的”；afraid“害怕的”。固定短語be afraid to do sth.意為“不敢做某事”，故選D。17A.situationsBopportunitiesCtimesDturns答案：B句意：他懂得了錯誤只是他學習新東西的機會。situation“局面”；opportunity“機會”；time“時代，次數”；turn“轉彎”，故選B。18A.after all Babove allCfirst of allDin all答案：A句意：通過以上的經歷，科學家的感受是：科學實驗終究是試驗一個又一個的錯誤。after all“畢竟；終究”；above all“最重要的是”；first of all“首先；第一”；in all“總共；合計”。19A.doBfinishCgo Dwork答案：D句意：即使實驗不成功，我們通常也可以學到有價值的東西。work“工作；起作用”，故選D。do“做”；finish“完成”；go“去；前往”。20A.worthy BcostlyCvaluable Dinteresting答案：C句意：即使實驗不成功，我們通常也可以學到有價值的東西。worthy“值得的”；costly“昂貴的”；valuable“貴重的，有價值的”；interesting“有趣的”，故選C。.閱讀理解Louis Pasteur, the famous French chemist and bacteriologist, invented “pasteurization”In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille, and it was there that he made one of his most famous discoveries. Lille was a major center for wine and beermaking, and some of the local winemakers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh.At that time, it was believed that food and drinks went “bad” because of a purely chemical process (變化過程). But during a series of experiments Pasteur proved that tiny living organisms(微生物) caused food and drinks to go bad. In the case of wine and beer, the organisms are already present in the form of the various yeasts (酵母)that caused the fermentation(發(fā)酵) process. Pasteur discovered that heating the wine gently for a few minutes after it had fermented would kill off the yeast that was left in the wine, with the result that the wine would remain fresh for much longer. He also proved that food and drinks could be turned bad by other organisms that were present in the air，and that they would keep fresh much longer if they were kept in airtight containers.The heating process was so successful that it made Pasteur famous. It was named “pasteurization” in his honour, and by about 1900 it had been widely used for processing and bottling cows' milk. The result was a huge drop in the number of bottlefed babies dying from infant diarrhea(嬰兒腹瀉) and from that time on it has been a standard treatment for milk and many other food products. Thissimple process has saved thousands, possibly millions, of lives worldwide.文章大意：本文主要介紹了法國人路易斯·巴斯德通過實驗，探索出巴氏殺菌法的過程，以及這一方法對食品儲存保鮮方面作出的巨大貢獻。1Pasteur became_in 1854.Athe chairperson of the science department at the University of LilleBthe director of a chemical laboratory at the University of LilleCthe general manager of a large beermaking companyDthe president of the University of Lille答案：A細節(jié)理解題。從第一段第二句話“In 1854 Pasteur was made head of the department of science at the University of Lille.”一句可知答案。2According to the passage，Lille was a major center for_in the mid19th century.Agrowing grain cropsBmaking beer and wineCdoing chemical researchDproducing various kinds of yeasts答案：B細節(jié)理解題。從第一段中第三句話“Lille was a major center for wine and beermaking, and some of the local winemakers asked Pasteur if he could help solve the problem of keeping wine fresh.”可知答案3In the last sentence of Paragraph 1, the underlined word “they” refers to_.Awine and beerB food and drinksCthe various yeastsDother organisms答案：B詞義指代題。從第一段最后一句話可知they指的是food and drinks。4Wecaninferfromthepassagethat Pasteur's discovery_.Ais no longer widely used for treating milk and other food productsBdid not bring much profit to the winemakers in LilleChas done a lot of good to children in the worldDhas greatly reduced the number of wars in the world答案：C推理判斷題。短文的最后一段講述了在1900年巴斯德所發(fā)明的防止食物和酒變質的方法廣泛應用于兒童所飲用的瓶裝牛奶，使世界上成千上萬的兒童免于死亡。.七選五根據短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。ForgivenessTo forgive is a virtue, but no one has ever said it is easy. When someone has deeply hurt you, it can be extremely difficult to let go of your hate. However, forgiveness is possible, and it can be surprisingly beneficial to your physical and mental health. People who forgive show less sadness, anger and stress and more hopefulness, according to a recent research._1_Try the following steps：Calm yourself._2_You can take a couple of breaths and think of something that gives you pleasure: a beautiful scene in nature, or someone you love.Don't wait for an apology. Many times the person who hurt you does not intend to apologize. They may have wanted to hurt you or they just don't see things the same way. _3_Keep in mind that forgiveness does not necessarily mean becoming friends again with the person who upset you.Take the control away from your offender(冒犯者). Rethinking about you hurt gives power to the person who causes you pain. Instead of focusing on your mounded feelings, learn to look for the love, beauty and kindness around you._4_If you understand your offender, you may realize that he or she was acting out of unawareness, fear, and even love. You may want to write a letter to yourself from your offender's point of view.Don't forget to forgive yourself._5_But it can rob you of your selfconfidence if you don't do it.AWhy should you forgive?BHow should you start to forgive?CRecognize the benefits of forgiveness.DTry to see things from your offender's angle.EFor some people, forgiving themselves is the biggest challenge.FTo make your anger die away, try a simple stressmanagement technique.GIf you wait for people to apologize, you could be waiting an awfully long time.答案：15BFGDE