江蘇省徐州市高中英語 Unit3 Grammar and usage課件 牛津譯林版必修4

UNIT 3 TOMORROWS WORLDUNIT 3 TOMORROWS WORLDGrammar and usageThe man _(call) “ Good husband”.is calledThe pet dog _(treat) by veterinary. is being treatedA frog _ ( catch) by a big bird just now.was caughtI _ (move) by the brave astronauts Fei Junlong and Lie Haishen.have been movedPoint out the verb, the subject and the object in the following sentences:We keep food in the fridge.The boy broke the glass.We must close the windows and the door.S v.O.S.v.O.SV.O Change these sentences into the passive voice:We keep food in the fridge.Food is kept in the fridge.The boy broke the glass.The glass was broken by the boy.You must close the windows and the door.The windows and the door must be closed.How can we change a sentence into passive voice ?1. Find out the subject of the sentence and use it as the subject of the sentence with the passive voice.2. Decide the tense of the sentence and use the related form of its passive.3. If necessary, use”by” to join the former subject, which should be put into its object form.When do we use the passive voice ?Many houses will be built here.1. 不知道或沒必要指出動作的自行者。The song “ The East is Red” was written by a poor peasant.2. 強調(diào)動作的承受者The plan was supported by those who wished to have more chances to speak English.3。 動作的自行者有較長的修飾語。You are requested to attend the meeting.4. 出于禮貌， 不愿意說出動作的執(zhí)行者。Change the following sentences into the passive voice:1. All of us like her.2. We are discussing the question.3. We have put off the meeting.4. I will develop my picture next week.She is liked by all of us.The question is being discussed.The meeting has been put off.My picture will be developed next week.be+ done am/is/are am/is/are+beingshall/will+behave/has+beenbe+ donewas/werewould+behad beenwas/were+beingPlease read Point 3 on Page 48.Fill in the blankets with the right form of the words given:1. I _(give) a new book by my father on my birthday.2. English _(find) very useful.3.The work _(finish) tomorrow.4. The flowers _(water) by them now.was given is foundwill be finished are being watered 5.The railway _ (build) this time last year.6. The new way _ already _(build).7. The new railway _ (build) by the end of last year.8. He told me the sports meeting _(hold) the next month. 9. Rice _(grow) in the south of the States.was being builthas been builthad been builtwould be held is grownChange the following sentences into passive voice and ask questions about the underlined parts:1. We will build many new sports venues for the Beijing Olympics.Many new sports venues will be built for the Beijing Olympics.What will be built for the Beijing Olympics ?2. I was watching the final match on TV yesterday evening.3. John carried the Canadian flag at the opening of the Olympics.The final match was being watched yesterday evening.Where was the final match being watched yesterday ?The Canadian flag was carried by John at the opening of the Olympics. Who (Whom) was the Canadian flag carried by at the Olympics ?4. We have made the flags by hand.5. I will take care of your dog while you are away.The flags have been made by hand.How have the flags been made ?Your dog will be taken care of while you are away.What will be taken care of while you are away ?We can use modal verbs in the passive voice to talk about ability, possibility, duty, permission, etc.Firefighters could be trained using RealCine.Computers can calculate the position of the viewer any time.The position of the viewer can be calculated at any time.Practice:Practice:1. The viewer can touch the objects in the film.2. The viewer may feel a real sense of achievement and happiness.3. RealCine might not impress some viewers.The objects in the film can be touched.A real sense of achievement and happiness may be felt.Some viewers might not be impressed by RealCine.4. Teachers could use RealCine in the classroom too.5. Film-makers should use RealCine for all films.6. Scientists ought to develop RealCine further.7. The viewer must wear special gloves.RealCine could be used in the classroom too.RealCine should be used for all films.RealCine ought to be developed further.Special gloves must be worn,被動語態(tài)的各種句型：1。單賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。Our English teacher often uses a tape-recorder in teaching English.A tape-recorder is often used (by our English teacher ) in teaching English.The villagers gave the foreign guests a warm welcome.The foreign guests were given a warm welcome by the villagers.A warm welcome was given to the foreign guests by the villagers.We offered people in the flooded areas some food and clothes.2。雙賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。People in the flooded areas were given some food and clothes.Some food and clothes were given to the people in the flooded areas.3. 復合賓語結(jié)構(gòu)。They heard someone singing in the next room.objectObject complementSomeone was heard singing in the next room.在主動語態(tài)中， 有些使役動詞和感觀動詞后接不帶to的不定式作賓語補足語。 但在被動語態(tài)中，要改為帶to的不定式作主語補足語。如：see/hear/make sb. do sth.Sb. be seen/heard/made to do sth.They saw the boy fall from the tree.The boy was seen to fall from the tree.4。短語動詞結(jié)構(gòu)。相當于及物動詞的短語動詞也可以有被動語態(tài)。 如：look after, give up, take care of, pay attention to, make use of, put off, wake up, put out 等。The children must be taken care of.The big fire has been put out.特別警士： 1。 只有及物動詞和及物動詞短語才可以 有被動語態(tài)。 不及物動詞，不及物動詞短語或系動詞沒有被動語態(tài)。 如：happen, go on, take place, belong to, sound, feel等。Correct mistakes:Correct mistakes:This room is belonged to me.This music is sounded sweet. belongs tosounds2.有些動詞常用主動形式表示被動的意思， 如：act, cook, keep, look, open, write, read, sell,wash等。Your article reads well.This type of car sells well in China.This hall measures 100 metres long and 60 metres wide.It is said that It is reported thatIt is hoped that It is well known that It is believed that It must be admitted that It must be pointed out that 3.; 在一些固定句型中常用被動語態(tài)。 如：被動語態(tài)與系表結(jié)構(gòu)：被動語態(tài)表示動作，句子主語是該動作的承受者，過去分詞表示動作；而系表結(jié)構(gòu)表示狀態(tài)，說明主語的特點或所處的狀態(tài)。The long novel was written by Mr. Luxun in the 1920s.The long novel is well written, isnt it ?The glass was broken by his little son yesterday.Look, the glass is broken! Who broke it ?被動語態(tài)被動語態(tài)系表結(jié)構(gòu)系表結(jié)構(gòu)Feedback:Choose the best answers:1. - Is Bob still performing ? - Im afraid not. He is said _ the stage already as he has become an official.A.to have left B. to leaveC. to have been left D. to be left 2. - Dont you think it necessary that he _ to Miami but to New York ? - I agree, but the problem is _ he has refused to.A.will not be sent; that B. not be sent;thatC.should be sent;what D.should not send;what3. Millions of pounds worth of damage _ by a storm which swept across the north of England last night.A.has been caused B.had been causedC.will be caused D.will have been caused4. Much attention should _ the rapid increase in the number of cars on the roads, which may_ traffic jams and more accidents.A.pay to;result in B.be paid;result fromC.be paid to;result in D.be paid;result from5. She is very shy and she is not used to _ in front of others.A.praise B.praisingC.being praised D.be praised6. What did the students think of the speech made by the lecturer yesterday ? -To tell you the truth, the students were all _ with the _speech.A.boring;boring B.boring;boredC.bored;bored D.bored;boring7. My sister _ a good chance to go abroad for further education.A.offered B. was offeringC.has offered D. was offered8. Today many young people enjoy chatting on the net, but their sentences _.A.never read B. are never readC. werent read D. didnt read9. Every possible means _ to prevent the air pollution, but sky is still not clear.A.is used B. are usedC. Have used D. has been used10. George and Lucy got married last week. Did you go to their wedding ? - No. I _ . Did they have a big wedding ?A.Was not invited B. have not been invitedC.hadnt been invited D.didnt invite