廣東省連州市高三英語(yǔ)分類(lèi)復(fù)習(xí) 閱讀理解推斷文章結(jié)構(gòu)課件

要求考生理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是高考閱讀理解要求考生理解文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)是高考閱讀理解題中的一個(gè)新考點(diǎn)。文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)就是指文章題中的一個(gè)新考點(diǎn)。文章的基本結(jié)構(gòu)就是指文章的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，或的文脈，即句與句、段與段之間的邏輯關(guān)系，或是前因后果，或是平鋪直敘，或是前后通過(guò)某條是前因后果，或是平鋪直敘，或是前后通過(guò)某條主線(xiàn)按邏輯構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體。主線(xiàn)按邏輯構(gòu)成一個(gè)整體。文章的結(jié)構(gòu)與作者的寫(xiě)作手法有關(guān)，因此有關(guān)文章的結(jié)構(gòu)與作者的寫(xiě)作手法有關(guān)，因此有關(guān)寫(xiě)作手法的題，我們也歸為這一類(lèi)。寫(xiě)作手法的題，我們也歸為這一類(lèi)。提問(wèn)方式提問(wèn)方式1. The passage is developed mainly by_.2. Which of the following best shows the structure of the passage?1. 1. 了解文章的主要邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是解題的前提：了解文章的主要邏輯結(jié)構(gòu)是解題的前提：時(shí)空順序。按時(shí)間先后敘述某一事物，或說(shuō)時(shí)空順序。按時(shí)間先后敘述某一事物，或說(shuō)明某一研究成果由過(guò)去至現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展情況，或明某一研究成果由過(guò)去至現(xiàn)在的發(fā)展情況，或按空間順序說(shuō)明某一事物。按空間順序說(shuō)明某一事物?？偡猪樞颉Ｊ锥慰偡猪樞?。首段作總的概括，其他段落分別加以說(shuō)明或具體論作總的概括，其他段落分別加以說(shuō)明或具體論述首段的觀點(diǎn)。述首段的觀點(diǎn)。分總順序。前面幾段分別說(shuō)分總順序。前面幾段分別說(shuō)明，末段總結(jié)。明，末段總結(jié)。對(duì)比。這類(lèi)文章通常以對(duì)比對(duì)比。這類(lèi)文章通常以對(duì)比各事物之間的共同點(diǎn)或差異為主題。各事物之間的共同點(diǎn)或差異為主題。2. 2. 概括各段內(nèi)容的主旨，然后分析相互之間概括各段內(nèi)容的主旨，然后分析相互之間的邏輯關(guān)系。的邏輯關(guān)系。(1) The African elephant, the largest land animal remaining on earth, is of great importance to African ecosystem(生態(tài)系統(tǒng)生態(tài)系統(tǒng)). Unlike other animals, the African elephant is to a great extent the builder of its environment. As a big plant-eater, it largely shapes the forest-and-savanna(大草原大草原)surroundings in which it lives, therefore setting the terms of existence for millions of other animals that live in its habitat(棲息地棲息地). It is the elephants great desire for food that makes it a disturber of the environment and an important builder of its habitat. In its continuous search for the 300 pounds of plants it must have every day, it kills small trees and underbushes, and pulls branches off big trees. This results in numerous open spaces in both deep tropical forests and in the woodlands that cover part of the African savannas. In these open spaces are numerous plants in various stages of growth that attract a variety of other plant-eaters (重慶重慶)70. The passage is developed mainly by _. A. showing the effect and then explaining the causes B. pointing out similarities and differences C. describing the changes in space order D. giving examples A (2) How can a creature weighing over 5 tons and normally taking 150 kilograms of food and 120 liters of water per day survive in a desert environment?In the southwest African country of Namibia, and the Sahara lands of Mali further north, the desert elephant does just that.Desert elephants can travel over 70 kilometers in search for feeding grounds and waterholes, and have a larger group of families. They drink only every 3-4 days, and can store water in a “bag” at the back of their throat, which is only used when badly needed. Desert elephants are careful feeders-they seldom root up trees and break fewer branches, and thus maintain what little food sources are available. Yong elephants may even eat the dung （糞便）（糞便）of the female leader of a group when facing food shortage. During drought they are unlikely to give birth to their young but with good rains the birthrate will increase greatly. Desert elephants have sand baths, sometimes adding their own urine (尿液尿液) to make them muddy! (湖北湖北)67. The author answers the question raised in the first paragraph with_.A. stories and explanationB. facts and descriptionsC. examples and conclusionD. evidence and argumentB(3) Armstrong showed a great talent for music when he was taught to play the cornet (短號(hào)短號(hào)) at a boys home. In his late teens, Armstrong began to live the life of a musician. He played in parades, clubs, and on the steamboats that traveled on the Mississippi River. At that time, New Orleans was famous for the new music of jazz and was home to many great musicians. Armstrong learned from the older musicians and soon became respected as their equal. (陜西陜西)42. This paragraph is developed_.A.by space B. by examplesC. by timeD. by comparisonC