備戰(zhàn)2018年高考英語一輪復習 書面表達?？妓夭乃儆?話題04 家庭環(huán)境與教育（含解析）

家庭環(huán)境與教育家庭教育和教育類是在高考作文考試中比較常見的，與社會類和環(huán)境類并稱為作文話題三劍客，同學們在復習的時候，命題者可能會圍繞這三類話題：1 教育的功能中學階段應當提供通才教育還是專才教育？要不要延長義務教育年限？要不要讓農(nóng)村地區(qū)的學生更容易上學？老師要教學生如何判斷是非嗎？對于社會角度，學生們可以從促進經(jīng)濟發(fā)展、增加社會流動性、維護社會穩(wěn)定這幾個方面來展開，對于個人，可以寫改變思維模式、有利于就業(yè)和便利生活這幾個方面來寫。2 學校的科目應當由誰選擇比如說：政府選課or 老師選課？學生選擇所有的科目or根據(jù)興趣自行選擇？還有一種是讓你分析學習各類科目的重要性。比如：要不要學歷史？要不要中學階段就學習外語？要不要學數(shù)學哲學這類的科目？3 什么樣的教學方式最好一般會考到的話題有：私立學校好不好？留學好不好？要不要分快慢班？小組學習還是單獨學習好？現(xiàn)在還出現(xiàn)一種考題就是：遠程教育的利弊，同學們可以關注一下。4 學費應該誰來付這些話題都有一個共同的特征，就是題目中往往會說：高等教育只對學生自己有好處，因此學生應當為高等教育買單。同學們在進行寫作時，可以先反駁這種理由，再交代學生自己支付學費的后果。5 學生需要參加社會實踐嗎當代大學生對于課外活動的態(tài)度？學生要不要參加無償社會勞動？畢業(yè)后需要去農(nóng)村鍛煉嗎？要不要從小遠離父母居??？在這類題目中，學生可以闡述一下現(xiàn)在大學生對于參加社會實踐的態(tài)度，并說明參加社會實踐的好處。6 家庭教育與學校教育遇到這一類的題目，同學們可以寫一下家庭教育與學校教育各自的優(yōu)缺點。另外，家庭教育中還會出現(xiàn)這樣的題目：窮人家的孩子是否早當家？要不要把孩子趁早送到學校去？老師對兒童的智力和社會發(fā)展所起的作用大于家長嗎？教育類話題答題技巧首先審題，看清題目要你表達的是什么內(nèi)容。對于個人觀點類題目：第一段：開頭段，開門見山，闡述題目背景并引出自己的觀點。第二段：第一個分論點，正面舉例論證你的觀點。第三段：第二個分論點，可依然正面舉例論證，也可反面論證你的觀點。第四段：自然結尾，重申主題。對于題目給出觀點的題目：第一段：一般題目中會給出兩個觀點，學生可以先說明題目中觀點各自闡述的內(nèi)容，并分析觀點沖突的原因。第二段：論證第一個觀點的合理性，與其不合理性。第三段：論證第二個觀點的合理性與不合理性。第四段：結尾，并引出個人觀點。一.話題常用單詞1.parenting/upbringing家長對孩子的教育2.schooling學校對學生的教育3.awareness意識4.cultivate=develop=nurture=foster培養(yǎng)5.creative有創(chuàng)造力的6.physical身體的7.psychological心理的8.peer同齡人9.motivation動力10.motivated有動力的11.adapt to適應12.discipline紀律13.stimulating令人思維活躍的14.mental development智力發(fā)展15.physical development身體發(fā)展16.promote促進17.attend school上學18.innate先天就具有的19.help students to sharpen their skills幫助學生提高某種技能20.social sciences社會科學二.話題常用短語1. adapt oneself to the development of使自己適應的發(fā)展2. scope of knowledge知識面3. instill high moral values灌輸高尚的道德觀4. lighten / relieve / ease the burden of減輕的負擔5. comprehensive knowledge淵博的知識6. enrich the teaching method豐富教育手段7. impart / inculcate knowledge 傳授知識8.receive education接受教育9. schooling upbringing學校教育10.parenting vocational education家庭教育 11.long-distance education遠程教育12. narrow down the gap between縮小的差距13. down-to-earth / practical切合實際的 14. enjoy equal rights享有平等權利15. solid professional working experience扎實的職業(yè)工作經(jīng)驗16. exchange experience交流經(jīng)驗17. undertake the obligations 承擔責任18. offer a chance of education提供教育機會19. vocational guidance職業(yè)指導 20. vocational training職業(yè)訓練21. face up to possible pressure and competition勇敢面對可能的壓力和競爭 22. Exam-oriented Education應試教育23.Quality-oriented Education (Quality Education) 素質教育三、參考語句 話題常用句型1.Although this view is wildly held, this is little evidence that education can be obtained at any age and at any place.盡管這一觀點被廣泛接受，很少有證據(jù)表明教育能夠在任何地點、任何年齡進行。2. No one can deny the fact that a person's education is the most important aspect of his life.沒有人能否認：教育是人生最重要的一方面。3. When it comes to education, the majority of people believe that education is a lifetime study.說到教育，大部分人認為其是一個終生的學習。4. An increasing number of people are beginning to realize that education is not complete with graduation.越來越多的人開始意識到教育不能隨著畢業(yè)而結束。5. People seem to fail to take into account the fact that education does not end with graduation.人們似乎忽視了教育不應該隨著畢業(yè)而結束這一事實。6. People believe that computer skills will enhance their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.人們相信擁有計算機技術可以獲得更多工作或提升的機會。7. The information I've collected over last few years leads me to believe that this knowledge may be less useful than most people think.從這幾年我搜集的信息來看，這些知識并沒有人們想象的那么有用。8. Now, it is generally accepted that no college or university can educate its students by the time they graduation.現(xiàn)在，人們普遍認為沒有一所大學能夠在畢業(yè)的時候教給學生所有的知識。9. There is a general discussion these days over education in many colleges and institutes. One of the questions under debate is whether education is a lifetime study.當前高校和研究機構關于教育問題存在著大量爭論。其中一個問題就是教育是否是個終身學習的過程。10. This issue has caused wide public concern.這個問題已經(jīng)引起了廣泛關注。11. As for me, I'm in favor of the opinion that education is not complete with graduation, for the following reasons：.就我而言，我同意教育不應該隨著畢業(yè)而結束的觀點，有以下原因：12. Even the best possible graduate needs to continue learning before she or he becomes an educated person.即使最優(yōu)秀的畢業(yè)生，要想成為一個博學的人也要不斷地學習。13. Now people in growing numbers are beginning to believe that learning new skills and knowledge contributes directly to enhancing their job opportunities or promotion opportunities.現(xiàn)在越來越多的人開始相信學習新的技術和知識能直接幫助他們獲得工作機會或提升的機會。14. There is a general debate on the campus today over the phenomenon of college or high school students' doing a part-time job.對于大學生或高中生打工這一現(xiàn)象，校園里進行著廣泛的爭論。15. By taking a major-related part-job, students can not only improve their academic studies, but gain much experience they will never be able to get from the textbooks.通過做一份和專業(yè)相關的工作，學生不僅能夠提高他們的專業(yè)能力，而且能獲得從課本上得不到的經(jīng)驗。16. Although people's lives have been dramatically changed over the last decades, it must be admitted that, shortage of funds is still the one of the biggest questions that students nowadays have to face because that tuition fees and prices of books are soaring by the day.近幾十年，盡管人們的生活有了驚人的改變，但必須承認，由于學費和書費日益飛漲，資金短缺仍然是學生們面臨的最大問題之一。17. Consequently, the extra money obtained from part-time job will strongly support students to continue to their study life.因此，業(yè)余工作掙來的錢將強有力地支持學生們繼續(xù)他們的求學生活。18. From what has been discussed above, we may safely draw a conclusion that part-time job can produce a farreaching impact on students and they should be encouraged to take part-time job, which will benefit students and their family, even the society as a whole.通過上面的討論，我們不難得出結論：業(yè)余工作對學生們會產(chǎn)生深遠的影響，我們應鼓勵學生從事業(yè)余工作，這將有利于學生和他們的家庭，甚至整個社會?！镜淅?1】（2015年湖南卷）Directions: Write an English composition according to the instructions given below.請以老師當眾表揚你為話題，用下面所給的句子開頭，續(xù)寫一篇英語短文。     As a student, I can tell you that there is nothing better than being praised by my teacher before my classmates.注意：1. 將所有句子寫在答題卡上；2. 續(xù)寫詞數(shù)不少于120個；3. 不能使用真實姓名和學校名稱。_【寫作指導】本文是一篇開放性作文，考生只要根據(jù)所給的信息進行寫作即可。題中給出的內(nèi)容是：作為一名學生，在同學面前受老師表揚是世界上最好的事。故事、感想等寫作空間很大，可以自由發(fā)揮?？芍饕獓@受表揚的原因、感受來寫。寫作時人稱主要采用第一人稱，時態(tài)主要為一般過去時。寫作步驟：(1)續(xù)寫一件當眾受到老師表揚的經(jīng)歷； (2)總結這次經(jīng)歷對自己產(chǎn)生的影響。寫作時要注意恰當使用一些連詞，使文章自然、流暢。適當使用一些高級句型和詞匯以提高作文檔次。Li Jia wrote an excellent English article in the examI do hope he will make more progress with great efforts”O(jiān)n hearing what he said，I couldnt hold back my tearsIt was for the first time that I got praised before my classmatesFrom then on，I fell in love with EnglishYou cant imagine how grateful I am to Mr.ZhangWithout his praiseI couldnt have gone so far in my English study【典例02】（2017廣東實驗高三10月月考）假如你是李華，已經(jīng)被大學錄取，即將進入大學學習。請你用英語給好友Sam寫一封信，談談進入大學后的打算。短文應包含以下要點：1、盡快適應環(huán)境;2、注重能力發(fā)展。注意：1. 全文100詞左右；2. 書信的開頭已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)；2. 可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dear Sam,How are you getting along with your life recently? _Yours sincerely,Li Hua【寫作指導】本文是一篇書信類作文，要求用英語給好友Sam寫一封信，談談進入大學后的打算。要點包括：1.盡快適應環(huán)境；2. 注重能力發(fā)展。注意要點內(nèi)容是高度概括的，需要增加細節(jié)，充實內(nèi)容。寫作時人稱主要采用第一人稱，時態(tài)主要為一般將來時。寫作步驟：(1)舉例說明如何適應新環(huán)境； (2)培養(yǎng)哪些方面的能力。寫作時要注意恰當使用一些連詞，使文章自然、流暢。適當使用一些高級句型和詞匯以提高作文檔次?！痉段馁p析】meaningful activities to get more social practice and develop my strong points.Can you give me some advice? As a sophomore, you must have a lot to tell me.Yours sincerely,Li Hua【典例03】（2017廣東省中山一中高三上二次聯(lián)考）假定你是高中學生李華，你的美國朋友Jim即將升入中國的一所高中學習，想讓你給他一些學習建議。請你給他寫一封電子郵件，內(nèi)容包括： 1. 與老師交流，征求老師意見； 2. 上課積極參與討論，專心聽講，做好筆記； 3. 課后積極完成作業(yè)，鞏固知識。注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右； 2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。Dear Jim,_Yours,Li Hua【寫作指導】本文是一篇書信類作文，要求給美國朋友Jim寫一封電子郵件，提供一些學習建議。要點包括：1. 與老師交流，征求老師意見；2. 上課積極參與討論，專心聽講，做好筆記；3. 課后積極完成作業(yè)，鞏固知識。這篇作文的要點比較詳細，學生要將它們表達清楚，不能遺漏，但是需要注意不能逐字逐句翻譯。寫作時人稱主要采用第二人稱，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時。寫作時要注意恰當使用一些連詞，使文章自然、流暢。適當使用一些高級句型和詞匯以提高作文檔次?！痉段馁p析】 I sincerely hope my advice can be helpful to you and that you can enjoy your new school life.Best wishes!Yours, Li Hua【典例04】（2017安徽省合肥第一中學高三階段）眾所周知，課堂是每個學生實現(xiàn)夢想的地方，然而，有一部分同學沒有很好地利用它。請以How should we make good use of classes? 為題，寫一篇文章，應包含以下要點；1.簡要說明課堂的意義；2.目前課堂中存在的主要問題；3.分析原因并提出建議。注意：1. 可根據(jù)內(nèi)容需要適當拓展，以使行文連貫；2.詞數(shù)100左右。How should we make good use of classes?_【寫作指導】本文是一篇提綱作文，考生只要根據(jù)所給的信息進行寫作即可。話題是How should we make good use of classes? 題中給出三個要點：1.簡要說明課堂的意義； 2.目前課堂中存在的主要問題； 3.分析原因并提出建議。寫作時人稱主要采用第一人稱，時態(tài)主要為一般現(xiàn)在時。寫作時要注意恰當使用一些連詞，使文章自然、流暢。適當使用一些高級句型和詞匯以提高作文檔次。As far as I am concerned, the main reason is that they don't realize the importance of study. To solve this problem, they have to understand making full use of class is the best way to improve the efficiency of study. After all, time waits for no man.（1）假定你是李華，寒假期間應邀去紐約的孔子學院，并與該校學生交流。請你按照以下要求寫出發(fā)言稿。 要點： 1闡述漢語的廣泛用途； 2介紹學習漢語的方法。 注意：1詞數(shù)100左右；2可以適當增加細工，以使行文連貫；3開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Dear friends, I am honored to have a chance to be with you today. _ Thanks a million!【范文】Dear friends,I am honored to have a chance to be with you today.As is well-known to all, with a good knowledge of Chinese, you will get a better understanding of China, a 2000-year-old multi-cultural country. Furthermore, learning Chinese is an up-to-date trend you dont want to miss. It is likely that you can make lots of Chinese friends as well.As for the tips of learning Chinese, I would say that Rome wasnt built in a day, so learning Chinese takes time. Please use what you learn in class whenever you canthe more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it. Besides, listening to tapes, watching films and reading stories in Chinese are of great help.I hope you all become fluent Chinese speakers in the near future.Thanks a million!【寫作指導】will get a better understanding of China, a 2000-year-old multi-cultural country.這句話使用了非限制性定語從句， It is likely that you can make lots of Chinese friends as well.這句話使用省略句和it做形式主語， As for the tips of learning Chinese, I would say that Rome wasnt built in a day, so learning Chinese takes time.這句話使用諺語；Please use what you learn in class whenever you canthe more you use Chinese, the better you will learn it.這句話使用了賓語從句，還有范文使用了Furthermore，besides這樣的關聯(lián)詞使文章更加連貫?？傊段氖褂么罅扛咧薪滩闹谐霈F(xiàn)的高級短語和句型，考生應該能做到學以致用。（2）假如你是高三（一）班班長李華，學校安排你在新學年的升旗儀式中發(fā)言，請你談談高中階段需要學習什么，怎么學習。 注意：1.詞數(shù)100左右。2.發(fā)言稿開頭和結尾已給出，不計入總詞數(shù)。Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to make a speech here._Thank you!【范文】Good morning, everyone! It is my honor to make a speech here. I will share with you what to learn in senior high school and how.As you all know, high school is a period of discovery. First, what is the most fundamental is the basic knowledge on which our future will be built. It is so vital that we should make our efforts to learn it. Besides, to achieve your academic goals, a good learning habit is of great significance too. Whats more, you should attach importance to physical exercise for the reason that it does good to your studies. Last but not least, you are supposed to show respect to your teachers and get along with your classmates. Only in this way can you enjoy a rich and colorful life in high school.Thank you!【寫作指導】【亮點說明】此文語言流暢，言簡意賅，要點齊全。關聯(lián)詞語運用得恰到好處，使整個語篇銜接緊密,邏輯清楚。而短文中較多高級詞語和句式的使用也提升了文章的得分檔次。關聯(lián)詞語：in addition to，whats more，last but not least等。亮點詞匯：a period of discovery, fundamental, of great significance, show respect to, enjoy a rich and colorful life等。高級句式：it作形式主語（It is so vital that we should make our efforts to learn it.）；倒裝句(Only in this way can you enjoy a rich and colorful life in high school.)等。 （3）高考過后，總有一些學習用品商家千方百計在高考狀元身上下工夫，讓狀元們說是使用過他們的產(chǎn)品后才取得優(yōu)異成績。請你用英語寫一篇100詞左右的短文，談談自己的看法。內(nèi)容應該包括以下要點：1 簡要描述這種現(xiàn)象； 2 個人對這種現(xiàn)象的看法 3給狀元們提一點建議注意： 1 可適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫 2 參考詞匯： 狀元 Number one scholar（NOS）_【范文】to help us study.I do hope that NOS can think of the poor students instead of themselves only.【寫作指導】本次寫作是提綱類書面表達，考生要先審清題目要求，確定好作文人稱、時態(tài)、寫作要點、段落等基本內(nèi)容。本文是關于商家利用高考狀元宣傳自己產(chǎn)品的問題，內(nèi)容有：1 簡要描述這種現(xiàn)象； 2 個人對這種現(xiàn)象的看法 3給狀元們提一點建議，要點不夠詳細，給考生發(fā)揮的余地較大，也增加了難度，考生要適當增加細節(jié)，使內(nèi)容充實，結構完整，明確作文的基本內(nèi)容后，就是選用準確的詞匯和恰當?shù)木渥觼肀磉_。在寫作的過程中，要注意使用高級詞匯和高級句型，讓文章更有文采。同時在列舉措施的時候要使用合適的連接詞如： Besides, Whats more等，讓文章看起來很有條理，也很流暢。their proper way of learning and hard work. 這句話用了notbut結構， not all of these products are good enough to help us study.這句話用了部分否定， I do hope that NOS can think of the poor students instead of themselves only這句話對謂語進行了強調(diào)。 （4）假如你叫李華，今年暑假即將跨入高三的學習，壓力很大，想和父母說說心里話，請你用英文在你的博客上用書信形式表達出來。主要內(nèi)容如下：知心話感恩感謝父母的關心、鼓勵 對父母的期望1. 多加交流2. 適時提供幫助學習打算考生自擬（至少寫兩點）注意：1. 短文必須包括所有內(nèi)容要點，可適當發(fā)揮。2. 詞數(shù)：120左右（開頭與結尾已給出，不計入詞數(shù)）。Dear Mom and Dad,With the Senior Three approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!_Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life. Yours sincerely, Li Hua 【范文】Dear Mom and Dad,With the Senior Three approaching, I really hope to have a heart-to-heart talk with you!During the years, I always feel grateful for your unselfish care and love. Thanks to your constant encouragement, I have been making remarkable progress in my studies.Since it will be less than one month before the exam, I'm under great pressure now. I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering. I have made up my mind to make every effort to study, for I believe hard work is the key to success. Just as the saying goes, "no pains, no gains." Meanwhile, I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, aiming to build up my body and free myself from the heavy work of studies.Mom and Dad, I am quite confident about my future. Wish you good health and a happy life. Yours sincerely, Li Hua【寫作指導】一層樓。【亮點說明】范文使用了很多詞組：Thanks to 多虧，making remarkable progress 取得很大的進步，made up my mind to 決定，make every effort to study努力學習， the key to的關鍵。 還使用了不少精典句式，如： Since it will be less than one month before the exam, I'm under great pressure now. 這句話使用了固定句型，I would appreciate it if you can have a frequent talk with me and provide me with timely help, which contributes to my staying in a good state.這句話使用了it做形式賓語和which引導的定語從句，I am fully aware of the responsibilities I am shouldering.這句話使用了定語從句， Meanwhile, I will spare some time to participate in sports activities, aiming to build up my body and free myself from the heavy work of studies這句話使用了現(xiàn)在分詞做狀語。文章還恰當?shù)厥褂昧怂渍Z：Just as the saying goes,"no pains, no gains."。15