課時(shí)講練通高中英語(yǔ) Module 5 A Trip Along the Three Gorges Grammar2課件 外研版必修4

Module 5 A Trip Along the Three GorgesGrammar 1.Learn the usage of the Modal Verbs.2.Use the Modal Verbs properly in the sentences and passages.Learning aimsLeading-in1.Dont worry about me, I can take good care of myself.別為我擔(dān)心，我會(huì)照顧好自己的。別為我擔(dān)心，我會(huì)照顧好自己的。2.The United States will do whatever it can to help Greece.美國(guó)將盡一切所能幫助希臘。美國(guó)將盡一切所能幫助希臘。3.Should our children be taught to swim at school?我們的孩子應(yīng)該在學(xué)校學(xué)游泳嗎？我們的孩子應(yīng)該在學(xué)校學(xué)游泳嗎？Pay attention to the usage of the Modal Verbs.情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（Modal verbs）本身有一定的詞義，但是不能）本身有一定的詞義，但是不能獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，獨(dú)立作謂語(yǔ)，只能和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)只能和行為動(dòng)詞一起構(gòu)成謂語(yǔ)。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。情態(tài)動(dòng)詞用在行為動(dòng)詞前，表示說話人對(duì)這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法用在行為動(dòng)詞前，表示說話人對(duì)這一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)的看法或主觀設(shè)想?；蛑饔^設(shè)想。 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞雖然數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主情態(tài)動(dòng)詞雖然數(shù)量不多，但用途廣泛，主要有下列：要有下列： can (could), may (might), must, need, ought to, dare (dared), shall (should), will (would), must not情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞一、可兼作行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞：一、可兼作行為動(dòng)詞的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞： dare 、need dare和和need作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)不用于肯定句作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí)不用于肯定句,沒有人稱和數(shù)沒有人稱和數(shù)的變化（的變化（dare的過去式為的過去式為dared）；作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)可用）；作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)可用于肯定句、否定句或疑問句，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。于肯定句、否定句或疑問句，有人稱和數(shù)的變化。He didnt dare to do it. (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)He dare not do it.(情態(tài)動(dòng)詞情態(tài)動(dòng)詞)他不敢那么做。他不敢那么做。He doesnt need to do it. (實(shí)義動(dòng)詞實(shí)義動(dòng)詞)He neednt do it.（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞（情態(tài)動(dòng)詞) 他不必做這件事。他不必做這件事。 注意：注意：need作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還可表示作實(shí)義動(dòng)詞時(shí)，還可表示“需要需要”，后，后接接doing/to be done，表被動(dòng)（需要被，表被動(dòng)（需要被. .）。）。The classroom needs cleaning/to be cleaned.教室需要被打掃了。教室需要被打掃了。The tree needs watering (to be watered).這棵樹需要被澆水了。這棵樹需要被澆水了。 Two eyes can see more than one. I am so strong that I can lift this stone. He said that Jack couldnt finish his work in such a short time. Could you follow my step? He is only four, but he is able to read. She was able to do it without my help. Will you be able to come to my party tomorrow?表能力表能力can couldbe able toGrammar-1. Observation(3ms)二、二、 表示能力的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示能力的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞can, could, be able to的用法：的用法：be able to 能用于能用于各種時(shí)態(tài)各種時(shí)態(tài)，表示，表示主觀意愿主觀意愿，強(qiáng)調(diào)要，強(qiáng)調(diào)要克服困難去做某事。它的過去時(shí)用克服困難去做某事。它的過去時(shí)用was / were able to，相當(dāng)于相當(dāng)于managed to do sth. 或或succeeded in doing sth.。它的將來(lái)時(shí)用它的將來(lái)時(shí)用will be able to。can / could 只能表示只能表示現(xiàn)在現(xiàn)在或或過去過去的能力，表示的能力，表示主觀能主觀能力力，不表示意愿。例如：，不表示意愿。例如： Everyone was able to escape when the earthquake happened.地震發(fā)生時(shí)，大家都設(shè)法逃了出去。地震發(fā)生時(shí)，大家都設(shè)法逃了出去。I am so strong that I can lift this stone.我是如此強(qiáng)壯以至于能舉起這塊石頭。我是如此強(qiáng)壯以至于能舉起這塊石頭。can可以表示許可，可代替可以表示許可，可代替mayYou can go home now. 你現(xiàn)在可以回家了。你現(xiàn)在可以回家了。can表示驚訝，懷疑，不相信的語(yǔ)氣表示驚訝，懷疑，不相信的語(yǔ)氣Can the news be true? 這消息會(huì)是真的嗎？這消息會(huì)是真的嗎？can表示征求意見，請(qǐng)求，表示征求意見，請(qǐng)求，could語(yǔ)氣更加委婉。語(yǔ)氣更加委婉。Could you tell me how to get to the airport?您能告訴我怎么去機(jī)場(chǎng)嗎？您能告訴我怎么去機(jī)場(chǎng)嗎？can表示偶爾出現(xiàn)的事實(shí)。表示偶爾出現(xiàn)的事實(shí)。He can be a hard man sometimes. 他有時(shí)挺難相處的。他有時(shí)挺難相處的。can的的具具體體用用法法 【知識(shí)拓展知識(shí)拓展】 can 的一些特殊搭配的一些特殊搭配(1)cant be too/overadj./adv. =cantadj./adv. enough 再再也不過分也不過分A parent cant be over/too patient.We cant drive carefully enough.(2) cant help/choose but do 不得不做不得不做She cant help but drop school. 父母再耐心也不過分。父母再耐心也不過分。開車時(shí)我們?cè)傩⌒囊膊粸檫^。開車時(shí)我們?cè)傩⌒囊膊粸檫^。她不得不輟學(xué)了她不得不輟學(xué)了(3)cant help (to) do 不能幫忙做不能幫忙做 cant help doing 情不自禁做情不自禁做(4)cant/couldnt agree more 十分贊成十分贊成(5)it cant/couldnt be better 十分好，非常好十分好，非常好 Grammar-2. Observation(3ms) You can go now. I wont let you down. Could I say it in Chinese? May I know your name? Would you mind closing the door? Shall we dance? Might I have a word with you?語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 弱弱表許可表許可, ,征詢征詢意見意見can, willcould / may / would / shall / might三、表示許可三、表示許可: may / might, can / could might, could 比較比較委婉委婉, 一般多用于一般多用于疑問句疑問句。can, may 表達(dá)的語(yǔ)言比較隨便。表達(dá)的語(yǔ)言比較隨便。在以在以could, might 表示表示征求對(duì)方意見征求對(duì)方意見或或表示請(qǐng)表示請(qǐng)求求時(shí)，回答應(yīng)相應(yīng)使用時(shí)，回答應(yīng)相應(yīng)使用can, may。must may, might, can, could肯定句肯定句語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 弱弱表可能性表可能性( (推測(cè)推測(cè)) )There must be a mistake.It can be true.In those days few workers could support their families.You may walk ten miles without seeing a house.He might get there on time.Grammar-3. Observation(2ms)語(yǔ)氣語(yǔ)氣強(qiáng)強(qiáng) 弱弱表不可能表不可能( (推測(cè)推測(cè)) )cant, couldntmay not, might not否定句否定句She cant be serious.We couldnt have done better.People may not pick flowers in this garden.She was afraid they might not like the idea.Grammar-4. Observation(2ms)mustnt, shouldnthad better not表禁止表禁止We mustnt waste our time.They shouldnt leave so soon.Youd better not disturb him.Grammar-5. Observation(2ms)should, musthave to表義務(wù)表義務(wù)( (應(yīng)該應(yīng)該) )有時(shí)態(tài)變化有時(shí)態(tài)變化Grammar-6. Observation(3ms)You should do what your parents tell you.If you cant finish the book by then, you must come and renew it.This is a lovely party, but we have to go because of the baby-sister. The bridge was not wide enough so that somebody had to give way.1. 表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法表示否定的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的用法:部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)之部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的否定式是情態(tài)動(dòng)詞中的考點(diǎn)之一。一。 mustnt 不準(zhǔn)不準(zhǔn), 禁止禁止 neednt 沒必要沒必要 ( = dont have to )cant 不能不能; 不可能不可能may not 不可以不可以; 可能不可能不shouldnt 不應(yīng)該不應(yīng)該 ( = ought not to )【點(diǎn)點(diǎn) 津津】2. shall和和will 的多種意義的區(qū)別的多種意義的區(qū)別: shall / will+ 動(dòng)詞原形均可表示將來(lái)。動(dòng)詞原形均可表示將來(lái)。 過去式為過去式為 should, would。shall 1）可用于第二、三人稱陳述句，表示說話人給）可用于第二、三人稱陳述句，表示說話人給對(duì)方的命令、對(duì)方的命令、 警告、允諾或威脅。當(dāng)頒布法律規(guī)定時(shí)，警告、允諾或威脅。當(dāng)頒布法律規(guī)定時(shí)，也用也用shall。2）用于第一、三人稱疑問句，表示征求對(duì)）用于第一、三人稱疑問句，表示征求對(duì)方的意見。方的意見。will 可表示意愿、常出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，在疑問句中表示請(qǐng)可表示意愿、常出現(xiàn)的動(dòng)作，在疑問句中表示請(qǐng)求和建議。求和建議。Shall the driver wait outside?司機(jī)在外面等著可以嗎？司機(jī)在外面等著可以嗎？It has been announced that candidates shall remain in their seats until all the papers have been collected.已宣布，在所有試卷收上來(lái)之前，應(yīng)試者必須呆在自已宣布，在所有試卷收上來(lái)之前，應(yīng)試者必須呆在自己的座位上。己的座位上。3. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的使用情態(tài)動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)的使用:would like to do 想要做想要做would rather dothan do 寧可寧可也不也不would rather + 從句從句 寧可寧可had better do. 最好做最好做used to do 過去常常過去常?！局R(shí)拓展知識(shí)拓展】(1)used todo 過去常常做過去常常做 be used tov.- ing / n. 習(xí)慣于習(xí)慣于 be used todo 被用來(lái)做被用來(lái)做(2) used to, wouldused to過去常做過去常做，但現(xiàn)在不做了，但現(xiàn)在不做了，常與，常與like, be等狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用等狀態(tài)動(dòng)詞連用 would (do)表示表示“過去常作過去常作，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在，但不強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在如何，并帶有贊揚(yáng)、厭惡等感情色彩。如何，并帶有贊揚(yáng)、厭惡等感情色彩。4.部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的問與答部分情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的問與答:(1) Need I?Yes, you must. /No, you neednt (dont have to).(2) Must I?Yes, you must. /No, you neednt (dont have to).(3) May I?Yes, you may. (=Yes, certainly/of course.)/No, you may not. (=No, you cant/mustnt.)(4)Might/Could I?Yes, you may/can.5. must和和have to用法的區(qū)別用法的區(qū)別: must表示說話人的主觀看法，而表示說話人的主觀看法，而have to表示客觀的需表示客觀的需要；要；mustnt表示表示 “決不能決不能”“”“禁止禁止” “一定不要一定不要”，而，而dont have to表示表示“不必要不必要” (英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中常用英國(guó)英語(yǔ)中常用neednt) 。Class exercises1.1.（2015福建高考）福建高考）Sorry, Mum! I failed the job interview again.Oh, its too bad. You_ _ have made full preparations. A. mustB. canC. would D. should 2.2.（2015重慶高考）重慶高考）You _ be Carol. You havent changed a bit after all these years. A. must B. can C. will D. shall4. (2014重慶高考重慶高考)Ive ordered some pizza,so we_worry about cooking when we get home tired. A. cant B. dare not C. neednt D. may not3.3.（20152015浙江高考）浙江高考）It was so noisy that we _ _ hear ourselves speak.A. couldnt B. shouldnt C. mustnt D. neednt5.(2014江蘇高考江蘇高考)It was sad to me that they,so poor themselves,bring me food. A.might B.wouldC.should D.could6. (2014北京高考北京高考)I have a word with you?It wont take long. A.Can B.Must C.Shall D.Should7.（2013新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷新課標(biāo)全國(guó)卷I）The door open , no matter how hard she pushed.A. shouldnt B. couldnt C. wouldnt D. mightnt8. （2013重慶高考）重慶高考）What are you doing this Saturday?Im not sure, but I _go to the Rolling Stones concert. A. must B. would C. should D. might9.（2013四川高考）四川高考） Why are your eyes so red? You_ have slept well last night. Yeah, I stayed up late writing a report. A. cant B. mustnt C. neednt D. wont HomeworkReview the grammar of this period.Cease to struggle and you cease to live. Thomas Carlyle 生命不止，奮斗不息。 托馬斯卡萊爾